Thermo.

Front 1

What is an Isothermal process?

Back 1

During expansion or compression, quantities of Q and W so proportioned, temperature of fluid remains constant.

Hint 1

Expansion. Compression. Q and W proportion.

Front 2

What is a path.

Back 2

Line joining intermediates states of a process in a reversible process.

Hint 2

Line.

Front 3

What is a reversible process?

Back 3

A process that can be returned to its original state. (Both system and environment)

Hint 3

Both system and surrounding.

Front 4

First Law Corollary 1

Back 4

There exists a property of a closed system such that a change in its value is sum of net heat and work done during a change of state.

Hint 4

U = Q + W

Front 5

First Law Corollary 2

Back 5

Internal energy in a closed system remains unchanged if the system is isolated from the surroundings

Hint 5

Adiabatic

Front 6

First Law Corollary 3

Back 6

Perpetual motion machine of first kind impossible.

Hint 6

Too easy Bruhhhh.

Front 7

Reversible process (Closed system)

Back 7

When there are continuous series of equilibrium states during a process, intermediate states could be located on a diagram, line representing the path could be drawn.

Hint 7

Path. Cause of lines caused by intermediate equilibrium.

Front 8

Thermodynamic equilibrium

Back 8

When no further changes occur when a system is isolated form the surrounding such that no heat and work crosses

Hint 8

Changes due to heat and work.

Front 9

System

Back 9

A region in space containing a quantity of matter whose behavior is being investigated.

Hint 9

Region in space. Matter.

Front 10

System

Back 10

A region in space containing a quantity of matter whose behavior is being investigated.

Hint 10

Region in space. Matter.

Front 11

Surrounding

Back 11

Restricted to portions of matter external to the system which are affected by changes within the system

Front 12

Boundary

Back 12

Separates system and surrounding

Front 13

Closed System

Back 13

Contains same matter throughout process being investigated. Work and Heat only, cross the boundary.

Hint 13

It's content. What crosses boundary ?

Front 14

Closed System

Back 14

Contains same matter throughout process being investigated. Work and Heat only, cross the boundary.

Hint 14

It's content. What crosses boundary ?

Front 15

Open system

Back 15

Matter, heat and work may cross the boundary while the process is being investigated

Hint 15

What crosses boundary ? When ?

Front 16

Property

Back 16

Required to determine state of a simple Fluid

Hint 16

What's the importance ?

It's the Property of what ?

Front 17

Property

Back 17

Required to determine state of a simple Fluid

Hint 17

What's the importance ?

It's the Property of what ?

Front 18

Irreversible process

Back 18

Not in equilibrium in intermediate states.

Front 19

First Law

Back 19

When a closed system is taken through a cycle, the net work delivered to the surroundings is equal to the net heat intake from the surroundings

Hint 19

What type of system ?

C of E.

Front 20

Zeroth Law

Back 20

When two bodies equal in temperature to a third body, they are all equal in temperature.

Hint 20

Body A, B, C.

Front 21

Thermometric Property

Back 21

Observable characteristic in a system and can be used to make comparisons. Like temperature.

Front 22

Work

Back 22

Something which appears at the system boundary when a system changes state due to movement of boundary under action of a force

Hint 22

Where it appears?

When it appears?

Why it appears?

Front 23

Heat

Back 23

Something which appears at a system boundary during a change of state due to temperature difference between system and surrounding

Front 24

Heat

Back 24

Something which appears at a system boundary during a change of state due to temperature difference between system and surrounding

Hint 24

Where it appears?

When it appears?

Why it appears?

Front 25

Cyclic Process

Back 25

After a system passes through a series of states and the final state is equal to the initial state

Hint 25

When it happens?

What's noticed at the end?

Front 26

Adiabatic

Back 26

Heat prevented from crossing the boundary of a system

Front 27

Second Law

Back 27

It's impossible for a system that operates in a cycle to extract heat from a reservoir and do an equivalent amount of work

Hint 27

Heat loss.

Front 28

Second Law

Back 28

It's impossible for a system that operates in a cycle to extract heat from a reservoir and do an equivalent amount of work

Hint 28

Heat loss.

Front 29

Kelvin Planck

Back 29

Impossible to construct a device that operates in a cycle, receive heat from a single reservoir and do an amount of work

Hint 29

At least how many reservoirs ?

Front 30

Second Law

Back 30

It's impossible for a system that operates in a cycle to extract heat from a reservoir and do an equivalent amount of work

Hint 30

Heat loss.

Front 31

Kelvin Planck

Back 31

Impossible to construct a device that operates in a cycle, receive heat from a single reservoir and do an amount of work

Hint 31

At least how many reservoirs ?

Front 32

Second Law, Corollary 1 (Clausius Statement)

Back 32

Impossible to construct a system that operates in a cycle, transfers heat from a cooler to hotter body without work being done on the system by the surroundings.

Hint 32

Heat from cool to hot reservoir.

Front 33

Second Law

Back 33

It's impossible for a system that operates in a cycle to extract heat from a reservoir and do an equivalent amount of work

Hint 33

Heat loss.

Front 34

Kelvin Planck

Back 34

Impossible to construct a device that operates in a cycle, receive heat from a single reservoir and do an amount of work

Hint 34

At least how many reservoirs ?

Front 35

Second Law, Corollary 1 (Clausius Statement)

Back 35

Impossible to construct a system that operates in a cycle, transfers heat from a cooler to hotter body without work being done on the system by the surroundings.

Hint 35

Heat from cool to hot reservoir.

Front 36

Second Law Corollary 2

Back 36

Impossible to construct an engine operating between two reservoirs that would have a higher efficiency than a reversible engine.

Hint 36

Two reservoirs only

Front 37

Second Law

Back 37

It's impossible for a system that operates in a cycle to extract heat from a reservoir and do an equivalent amount of work

Hint 37

Heat loss.

Front 38

Kelvin Planck

Back 38

Impossible to construct a device that operates in a cycle, receive heat from a single reservoir and do an amount of work

Hint 38

At least how many reservoirs ?

Front 39

Second Law, Corollary 1 (Clausius Statement)

Back 39

Impossible to construct a system that operates in a cycle, transfers heat from a cooler to hotter body without work being done on the system by the surroundings.

Hint 39

Heat from cool to hot reservoir.

Front 40

Second Law Corollary 2

Back 40

Impossible to construct an engine operating between two reservoirs that would have a higher efficiency than a reversible engine.

Hint 40

Two reservoirs only

Front 41

Second Law Corollary 3

Back 41

All reversible engines between the same two reservoirs have the same efficiency

Hint 41

Talks about Two reservoirs.

Front 42

Second Law Corollary 4

Back 42

A scale of temperature can be constructed which is not dependent on any thermometric property and provides an absolute zero of temperature.

Front 43

Second Law Corollary 5

Back 43

The efficiency of any reversible engine operating between more than two reservoirs must be less than that of a reversible engine operating between only two reservoirs which have the highest and lowest temperature of the fluid in the original reservoir.

Hint 43

Now > 2 reservoirs.

Front 44

Second Law Corollary 5

Back 44

The efficiency of any reversible engine operating between more than two reservoirs must be less than that of a reversible engine operating between only two reservoirs which have the highest and lowest temperature of the fluid in the original reservoir.

Hint 44

Now > 2 reservoirs.

Front 45

Second Law Corollary 6 (Clausius Inequality)

Back 45

Whenever a system undergoes a cycle

dQ/T = 0 (if reversible)

< 0 (if irreversible)

For heat pump, > 0

Front 46

Second Law Corollary 7

Back 46

There exists a property of a closed system such that a change in it's value is dQ/T

for a reversible process between states 1 and 2

Hint 46

Entropy

Front 47

Second Law Corollary 7

Back 47

There exists a property of a closed system such that a change in it's value is dQ/T

for a reversible process between states 1 and 2

Hint 47

Entropy

Front 48

Second Law Corollary 8

Back 48

Entropy of a closed system thermally isolated from the surroundings either increases if irreversible or remains constant if reversible

Hint 48

Entropy in Adiabatic process

Front 49

Second Law Corollary 7

Back 49

There exists a property of a closed system such that a change in it's value is dQ/T

for a reversible process between states 1 and 2

Hint 49

Entropy

Front 50

Second Law Corollary 8

Back 50

Entropy of a closed system thermally isolated from the surroundings either increases if irreversible or remains constant if reversible

Hint 50

Entropy in Adiabatic process

Front 51

Reservoir

Back 51

Part of surrounding which exchanges energy with system as it is at a different temperature

Front 52

Second Law Corollary 7

Back 52

There exists a property of a closed system such that a change in it's value is dQ/T

for a reversible process between states 1 and 2

Hint 52

Entropy

Front 53

Second Law Corollary 8

Back 53

Entropy of a closed system thermally isolated from the surroundings either increases if irreversible or remains constant if reversible

Hint 53

Entropy in Adiabatic process

Front 54

Reservoir

Back 54

Part of surrounding which exchanges energy with system as it is at a different temperature

Front 55

Isentropic Process

Back 55

One which takes place from initiation to completion without change in entropy

Hint 55

There is no change in what ?

Front 56

Second Law Corollary 7

Back 56

There exists a property of a closed system such that a change in it's value is dQ/T

for a reversible process between states 1 and 2

Hint 56

Entropy

Front 57

Second Law Corollary 8

Back 57

Entropy of a closed system thermally isolated from the surroundings either increases if irreversible or remains constant if reversible

Hint 57

Entropy in Adiabatic process

Front 58

Reservoir

Back 58

Part of surrounding which exchanges energy with system as it is at a different temperature

Front 59

Isentropic Process

Back 59

One which takes place from initiation to completion without change in entropy

Hint 59

There is no change in what ?

Front 60

Entropy

Back 60

It is a property of a closed system such that its value equals dQ/T for any reversible process between state 1 and 2

Front 61

Thermal equilibrium

Back 61

Two bodies are said to be in thermal equilibrium when no heat flows between them when they are connected by a path permeable to heat. Obeys Zeroth Law.

Hint 61

Zeroth Law

Front 62

Specific heat capacity (v)

Back 62

The heat required to raise a unit mass by 1 degree during a reversible constant volume process

Front 63

Specific heat capacity (v)

Back 63

The heat required to raise a unit mass by 1 degree during a reversible constant volume process

Front 64

Specific heat capacity (p)

Back 64

The heat required to raise temperature of a unit mass by 1 degree through a reversible constant pressure process

Front 65

Carnot cycle

Back 65

An ideal cycle in which heat is taken at a constant upper temperature and rejected at a constant lower temperature. It consists of two reversible isothermal and isentropic processes.