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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are precipitating factors of seizures
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emotional stress
sleep deprivation fevers pregnancy |
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what are the properties of Simple Partial seizures
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NO LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS
auras no postictal phase automatism (ex: touching nose) |
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what seizures has no loss of consciousness
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simple partial seizures
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what are the properties of Complex Partial seizures
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LOOS OF CONSCIOUSNESS
pt amnesic to seizure 50% have auras post ictal phase automatism (ex: chewing, fidgeting) |
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what are the properties of tonic clonic (grand mal) seizures
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LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS
post ictal phase epileptic cry BP increase, hypersecretion |
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what are the properties of Absence (Petit Mal)
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LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS
NO CONVULSIONS NO POSTICTAL PHASE NO AURA automatism |
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what type of seizure is called a "drop attack"
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atonic seizures (generalized)
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what type of seizure may appear as a sleep leg jerk
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myoclonic seizures (generalized)
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what are the properties of Febrile seizures
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convulsions that occur with fever >38 C in children 6 months to 6 years old
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define:
simple febrile seizures complex febrile seizures |
simple < 15mins don't recur
complex > 15 mins recur within 24 hrs |
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under what circumstances would you do prophylaxis for Febrile seizures
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3 or more febrile seizures in children < 3 years
2 or more risk factors for recurrent episodes |
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what drugs cause AED hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS)
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phenytoin, carbamezapine, phenobarbital, primidone
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what drugs can cause osteoporosis with prolonged use
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phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamezapine, valproate
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what drugs should be avoided in pregnant women in the 1st trimester
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valproic acid
AED polytherapy |
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what drugs decrease OC effectiveness
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carbamezapine, felbamate, phenobarbital, phenytoin, oxcarbazepine, topiramate, primidone
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what are the non pharmacologic therapy for seizures
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ketogenic diet
surgery vagus nerve stimulator |
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what is the main SE of carbamezapine
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hyponatremia
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what is unique about carbamezapine and how is it metabolized
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autoinduction ( induces its own metabolism) usually occurs in 3-5 days of therapy
hepatic metabolism |
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what are the properties of phenytoin
-PK, metabolism, AE |
non linear PK (therefore don't just double the dose, have to increase carefully)
hepatic metabolism AE: gingival hyperplasia, bone marrow suppression, SLE, SJS |
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what is Valproic Acids AE
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hepatotoxicity
-see liver flap -pt ammonia level increases |
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how is Ethosuximide metabolised
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hepatic metabolism
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what is the drug of choice for Absence seizures
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ethosuximide
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how is Felbamate metabolized, what are its AE and when is it used
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liver metabolism
AE: aplastic anemia, liver failure used in refractory seizures |
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how is gabapentin metabolized
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renal elimination
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what are the properties of lamotrigine (PK, AE, and interactions)
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hepatic and renal metabolism
OC decrease serum concentrations valproate inhibits its metabolism AE: rash in 3-4 weeks (SJS) |
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how is Levetiracetam metabolized
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renal elimination
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how is oxcarbazepine metabolized
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liver metabolism and renal elimination
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what are oxcarbazepines effect on OC
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decreases ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel
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what are the AE of oxcarbazepine
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hyponatremia
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pregabalin metabolism
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renal
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tiagabine metabolism
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hepatic
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topiramate metabolism
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hepatic and renal
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what are the AE of topiramate
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word finding difficulties
nephrolithiasis |
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zonisamide metabolism
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liver metabolism
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zonisamide AE
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word finding difficulties
hypersensitivity (structure similar to sulfonamides) |
