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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Particle: मा (ma)
We have learnt how to mark objects, subjects but we want to know where it was done or how was it done. So which particle do we use? Ma is a general locative case (or marker). It translates to by, in, on and at. It is used to indicate when an action took place. It is also used to show the amount or quantity. So, you learn 1 postposition which is worth 4 prepositions! Please note that ma is actually actually sounds and is written like maa, but for ease, it will be ma here. |
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As ‘By’
It indicates means, method. |
गाडीमा जाने (gaadi ma jaane)
(I’ll) go by (a) car. उ हावैजहाजमा चढेर नेपाल आउने रे! (u hawaijahajma chadhera nepal aune re!) He will come to Nepal by (the means of an) Aeroplane. |
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As ‘Within’, ‘Among’
Used to indicate a point of time. If used as within, it is conjoined with ‘भित्र’ (bhitra). Sometimes in english, it is also translated to ‘in’ or ‘by’. |
मेरो घर १० बजे भित्रमा आइज (mero ghar 10 baje bhitra ma aija)
Come to my home within 10 o’ clock. |
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As ‘At’
Indicates time or location when the action took place. |
मेरो भाइ घरमा छ (mero bhai ghar ma cha)
My brother is at (our) home दुर्घटना बगलुङ्गमा भएको थियो। (durghatna baglung ma bhaeko thiyo) The accident happened at Baglung कुनामा (kuna ma) At the corner |
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As ‘On’
Indicates time or location when the action took place. |
तिमी शनिबारमा काम गर्न जान्छौ? (timi shanibarma kaam garna janchau)
Will you go to work on Saturday? भित्तामा टाल (bhitta ma tala) Stick it on the wall भुइमा (bhui ma) On the floor |
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As ‘In’
Indicates time or location when the action took place. Also used to point at time. |
हामी जेठमा इटाली जाने हो (hami jethma itali jane ho)
We are going to Italy in Jestha म असारमा जन्मेको हो (ma asaarma janmeko ho) I was born in Asaar… हजारमा एक (hajaarma ek) One in One Thousand भारतमा धेरै गर्मि छ (bhaarat ma dherai garmi cha) It is very hot in India मेरो पर्सेल २ बजे औँउछ (mero parsel duii baje aucha) My parcel will arrive in 2. |
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As ‘for’
When it is used as for, it indicates the price you paid to get it |
मैले यो किताब १ ० ० रुपैयाँमा किनेको
I bought this book for 100 Rupees |
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SUMMARY:
Ma is a location marker; It points when and where the action took place. Ma points at location Ma is mainly translated to : in, at, by, on Ma is conjoined with 'bhitra' if we mean ‘within’ Ma is sometimes translated as ‘for’ when we indicate the price we paid to get it Ma is used to point time Ma is used to show means, method |
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EXERCISE:
FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT PARTICLE (le, lai, ma): 1. Ghar _ dherai kam cha. (there is a lot of work in my home) 2. Hari _ maile bato _ bhete. (I met Hari on the way) 3. Hami _ dukha payeko manche haru _ daan diyou. (We gave donation to the needy) 4. Hami _ isaki _ Restaurant _ lunch khwayo. (Isaki treated us lunch in a Restaurant) 5. Hami haru Kathmandu Plane _ chadera auchau. (We will come to Kathmandu by a plane) 6. Bato _ aile pich hudai cha. (The road is being paved; Can be rephrased to: Paving work is being done on the road) |
ANSWERS:
1. ma 2. lai, ma 3. le, lai 4. lai, le, ma 5. ma 6. ma |
