Theorists

Front 1

_____ ______ basic philosophy is our behavior is determined by irrational forces, unconscious motivations, and biological and instrunctual drives as these evolve through key psychosexual stages in the first 6 years of life

Back 1

sigmund freud

Front 2

whose theorys major focus is on insight unconscious motivation, and reconstruction of the personality

Back 2

sigmund freud

Front 3

freuds theorys major focus is on the ______ for clues to present problems

Back 3

past

Front 4

______ believed that working through transference relationship with the therapist lead to personality change

Back 4

freud

Front 5

Freuds theory is majorly focused on the ___ espc thoughts and feelings

Back 5

past

Front 6

the key concepts of frueds theory include the ______ _____ and ______ which are the basis of personality structure

Back 6

ID ego and superego

Front 7

______ __ are central to present behavior in freuds theory

Back 7

unconscious processes

Front 8

the theraputic goals of freuds theory are to make the ______ _____, to increase awareness, to gain ______ insight, to work through process that leads to a restructuring of the personality, and relive earlier experiences.

Back 8

unconscious conscious
intellectual

Front 9

the basic philosophy of _____ ______is to help clients identify and change their mistaken beliefs about self, others, and life and thus participate more fully in a social world.

Back 9

alfred adler

Front 10

Adlers main focus is on ______, goals, purposeful behavior, _____ action, belonging, and social interest

Back 10

meaning
conscious

Front 11

adlers major focus is on the______between the past present and future

Back 11

connection

Front 12

in _____ theory the role of the family in the development of the individual is emphasized

Back 12

adler

Front 13

in adlers theory the ______ is the center of personality

Back 13

consciousness

Front 14

adlerian therapy is designed to help clients become aware of their _____ and make changes in their lifestyle

Back 14

patterns

Front 15

according to adler people are motivated by ______ ___ and by finding goals to give life meaning

Back 15

social interest

Front 16

the theraputic goals of adlers theory is challengeing clients faulty _________ and mistaken assumptions

Back 16

motivations

Front 17

the technique used in adlers theory is to use the clients ______ to demonstrate a connection between the past, present and future

Back 17

lifestyle

Front 18

_______ psychotherapies developed by people who broke from strict freudian theory and added their own element to the theory as well as adapted theraputic techniques

Back 18

psychodynamic

Front 19

psychodynamic pyschotherapies focused on a shift from ____ psychology to _____ psychology

Back 19

id
ego

Front 20

In ______ theory each stage requires a resolution of a _____ ______ through mastery of developmental tasks

Back 20

central crisis

Front 21

carl jung is associated with ______ psychotherapy where people are not merely products of their past but strive to move beyond it toward balance and wholeness

Back 21

analytical

Front 22

in jungs theory, therapy creates partially through the use of ________ a dialetcal relationship between consciousness and unconsciousness.

Back 22

symbolism

Front 23

_______ is when 2 opposing ideas, when you can bring the two together to gain synthesis

Back 23

dialetical

Front 24

_____ _____ is associated with self psychology and is a more modern outgrowth of psychodynamic theory based on object relations psychology

Back 24

margaret mahler

Front 25

in Margaret mahlers theory their are four stages of development as the child shifts from ____ _____ to increasing awareness of others

Back 25

pure selfawareness

Front 26

in the first stage of Mahlers theory normal ____ _____ the age range is from birth to 4 weeks where the child is unable to differenate self from other s

Back 26

infantile autism

Front 27

_________, mahlers second stage, emerges by the thrid month of life through about 8 months where the infant is highly attuned to the emotional state of the mother/cargiver

Back 27

symbiosis

Front 28

___________ mahlers third stage begins in the 4th or 5th month overlapping symbosis the child begins to seperate self from others but still turns to cargiver for comfort and security; self esteem develops as the other serves as a postiver mirror for the child

Back 28

seperation/individuation

Front 29

_____ _____ mahlers fourth stage should be evident by 3 years of age the child is able to tolerate seperation and has a well developed sense of self as distinct from others

Back 29

self object constancy

Front 30

alfred adler and rudolph dreikurs are both associated with _____ ______

Back 30

indivudual pschology

Front 31

in ______ _______ early experiences are seen as influencing but not dictating a persons life people are motivated by social relatedness

Back 31

indivudal psychology

Front 32

the major focus of indivudal psychology is _______, as well as goal directed, purposeful behavior, ______ action, belonging and social interst.

Back 32

meaning
conscious

Front 33

more focuses of adler and dreikurs are examining the clients __, as well as the connection between the past, present and future goals, and the role of the _____ in the development of the indivudual

Back 33

lifestyle
family

Front 34

_______ is the center of personality in indivudal psychology; therapy is designed to help clients become aware of their patterns and make changes in their lifestyle

Back 34

consciousness

Front 35

______ refers to the unity of the personality existing within a social system

Back 35

holism

Front 36

in individual psychology the _____ ______ including the pyschological birth order influnce developing lifestyle

Back 36

family constellation

Front 37

the theraputic relationship is based on mutual respect and equality deep caring in ______ _____

Back 37

indivudal psychology

Front 38

_______ may be either basic, addititve or subtractive

Back 38

empathy

Front 39

treatment using ________ focuses on the clients past

Back 39

psychoanalysis

Front 40

when counselors accpet and value clients without reservation, they demonstrate _______ _____ _____

Back 40

unconditional postive regard

Front 41

_________ insists that clients take full responsibility for their actions.

Back 41

reality therapy

Front 42

humanistic counselors believe that clients are inherently moving toward _______.

Back 42

self actualization

Front 43

the ______ relationship is voluntary professional and egalitarian

Back 43

consultation

Front 44

counselors who consistantly behave in accordance with their own values and perceptions are exhibiting the trait called __________

Back 44

genuiness

Front 45

the ______ counselor has a personal style that incorportates meothods and techniques from a variety of theories and approaches.

Back 45

eclectic

Front 46

according to the _______, clients current behaviors, feelings, and actions are based on their life scripts

Back 46

TA view

Front 47

______ developed scales for measuring empathy geniuness , and respect

Back 47

carkhuff

Front 48

counselors who fear rejection or fear closness and affection may have difficulty developing _______ in the helping relationship

Back 48

intimacy

Front 49

when counselors use accurate _______ of content and feeling, clients feel that they really have been understood.

Back 49

reflection

Front 50

the approach used by ______ is very effective for treating depression.

Back 50

beck

Front 51

counselors who apply their complete thinking, feeling, and behavior toward the client are using the helping skill referred to as _________.

Back 51

attending

Front 52

the ________ approach tries to explore what is affecting the client in the here and now

Back 52

gestalt

Front 53

_________, __________, and ________ are examples of helping skills.

Back 53

listening, attending, inquiring

Front 54

___________ recongized the importance of a persons postition in the family constellation

Back 54

adler

Front 55

when a client directs toward the counselor feelings that were once attached to a significant other, _______ takes place.

Back 55

transference

Front 56

_________ introduced the concept of observational learning.

Back 56

bandura

Front 57

_________ _______ is a process of eliminating anxiety by paring the anxiety-evoking situation with the relaxing response.

Back 57

systematic desensitization

Front 58

a basic premise of ________is that people are influenced by the consequence of their behavior

Back 58

behavior modification

Front 59

the _____ _____ ____ holds that indivuduals are essentially good in nature with a tendency toward growth and productivity

Back 59

client centered view

Front 60

flooding the client with anxiety producing stimuli within a safe setting is called ______ _______

Back 60

implosive therapy

Front 61

counselors who keep confidentality are realiable and are dependable slowly develop _________

Back 61

trustworthiness

Front 62

the concept of collective unconscious was introduced by _________

Back 62

jung

Front 63

_______ is associated with paradoxical intention

Back 63

frankl

Front 64

______ is associated with person centered

Back 64

carl rogers

Front 65

______ is associated with social learning

Back 65

bandura

Front 66

________ is associated with cognitive therapy

Back 66

beck

Front 67

______ is associatd with transactional anaylsis TA

Back 67

berne

Front 68

_____ is associated with mental health consultation

Back 68

caplan

Front 69

______ is associated with counselor response scales

Back 69

carkhuff

Front 70

_____ is associated with helping skills

Back 70

egan

Front 71

_____ is associated with RET rational emotive therapy

Back 71

ellis

Front 72

_____ is associated with psychoanalysis

Back 72

freud

Front 73

_______ is associated with focusing

Back 73

gendlin

Front 74

_____ is associated with reality therapy

Back 74

glasser

Front 75

_____ is associated with being neo freudian

Back 75

horney

Front 76

______ is associated with microskills

Back 76

ivey

Front 77

______ is associated with analytical psychotherapy

Back 77

jung

Front 78

______ is associated with consultation modalities

Back 78

kurpius

Front 79

______ is associated with heirachy of needs

Back 79

maslow

Front 80

______ is associated with being the father of guidance

Back 80

parsons

Front 81

______ is associated with gestalt therapy

Back 81

perls

Front 82

______ is associated with psychodrama

Back 82

moreno

Front 83

_______ is associated with behavior modification

Back 83

skinner

Front 84

_______ is associated with behavior therapy

Back 84

wolpe

Front 85

______ is associated with process consultation

Back 85

schein

Front 86

______ ______ is associated with brief psychotherapy and innovative techniques in hypnosis

Back 86

milton erickson

Front 87

____ ____ is known for his work in strategic and problem solving therapy often utalizing the technique of paradox

Back 87

jay haley

Front 88

the statement the ego is dependent on the id would reflect the work of _____

Back 88

freud

Front 89

some behavioral scientists have been critical of piagets developmental research in as much as his findings were derived from observing _______

Back 89

his own children

Front 90

in pigetian liturature conservation would most likely refer to _______

Back 90

volume or mass

Front 91

_______ expanded on piagets conceptualization of moral development

Back 91

kohlberg

Front 92

kohlbergs second level of morality isknown as conventional morality is characterized by a desire to live up to sociteys _______ and a desire to ______

Back 92

expectations
confrom

Front 93

the fear of death is greatest during the _____ ____

Back 93

middle age

Front 94

in freudian theory ________ is a major factor that evolves primarly during the oral stage

Back 94

attachement

Front 95

kohlberg lists _____ stages of moral development which fall into _____ levels

Back 95

6
3

Front 96

_______ researched the matter of depth perception in children by utalizing a visual cliff

Back 96

gibson

Front 97

theorists that believe that development merely consists of quantitative changes are referred to as ________

Back 97

empiricists

Front 98

an empricists view of development would be ________

Back 98

behavioristic

Front 99

a theorists who believes that developmental strides are qualitative are known as ______

Back 99

organicists

Front 100

the sequence of object loss is associated with ______

Back 100

bowlby

Front 101

which theorist would be most likely to say that aggression is an inborn tendency?

Back 101

Lornez

Front 102

the statement bad behavior is punished good behavior is not is most closely associated with Kohlbergs _______ stage at the ______ level

Back 102

premoral
preconventional

Front 103

to research the dilemma of ________ Maslow interviewed the best people he could find who escaped the psychology of the average

Back 103

self actualization

Front 104

______ is a structuralists who believes stage changes are qualitative

Back 104

piaget

Front 105

_______ speaks of a holding environment in counseling in which the client can make meaning in the face of a crisis and can find new direction

Back 105

Kegan

Front 106

________ is the father of transactional analysis and was not instrumental in the early years of soical psychology

Back 106

berne