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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Covenant
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an agreement enacted by two parties in which one or both promise under oath to perform or refrain from certain actions stipulated in advance
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Why is covenant important to understanding the bible?
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Because it defines the relationship between God and Israel
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How do ancient covenants shape relationships?
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Instruments to create and regulate relationships between social groups
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As complex enactments, what do covenants do?
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create relationships between unequal partners, define customary ways of thinking, describe norms of future behavior, ritual that binds relationships
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Purpose and sign of covenant with Noah
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Purpose: promise to Noah that God will never again wipe out the world with a flood. Sign: rainbow
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Purpose and sign of covenant with Abraham
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Purpose: promise of land and descendants to Abraham. Sign: circumcision
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Purpose and sign of covenant with Moses
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Purpose: Declares Israel as the holy nation and sets them apart, Moses gives them the laws. In return Israel must obey the commandments and laws. Sign: sprinkling of animal blood and the ten commandments
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What kind of covenant does God make with Israel through Moses and how does it define their relationship?
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Suzerainty covenant. Unequal partners
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What were 2 reasons God didn't chose Israel as his people?
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Their greatness or faithfullness
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What does it mean to be the "chosen people"
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Responsibility, not privilege. Must be a light to the gentiles and put the world to rights.
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The 3 main principles of the commandments
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1. Loyalty to one and only one God
2. Must love and worship God with whole being 3. Justice for the weak; the widow, stranger, orphan |
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Leviticus
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Be holy as I am holy
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Numbers
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Israel wanders the desert for 40 years because they have fallen short of their purpose
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Deuteronomy
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Moses interprets the law to next generation that wasn't alive to witness the slavery in Egypt. Moses dies before entering the holy land
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Joshua
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Israelites enter the holy land. God reminds them, "Success is by My hand, remember the covenant."
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Judges
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God raises up Judges, Israel is failing to uphold the covenant. Samson and Delilah.
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1 and 2 Samuel
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God lets Israel have a king, King Saul
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Israel's greatest king
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David
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David's talents
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Shepard, musician, warrior, poet, politician, administratior
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Which tribe is King David from?
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Judah
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God's Covenant with David
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God promised David that his descendants would hold the throne of Israel forever. Sign: virgin birth?
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How does David serve as a model of faith for the future?
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David is called, he responds, and he serves God. He is God's instrument of power against enemies. Total response to God and Unconditional promise.
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What does ha-mashiach mean in hebrew?
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"anointed one"
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What is the Greek translation of ha-maschiach?
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Christos
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How is the term ha-mashiach used in the hebrew bible?
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In reference to anointment with oil.
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How doe the Psalms describe the relationship of ha-mashiach to YHWH?
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Father to first born son, Line of David
(Son of God, descendant of David) |
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According to Psalms, how long will ha-maschiach reign and what will He do to Israel's enemies?
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he will rein forever and conquer Israels enimes
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According to Prophets, the return of ha-maschiach is a sign of what?
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A decisive and lasting change in the plight of God's people
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Why do the Northern tribes secede from the kingdom after the death of Solomon?
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Because his son, Rehoboam, keeps his corrupt policies. Policies include taxing all tribes but his own.
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Hebrew word for prophet
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nabi
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How and where do prophets speak?
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They speak in word and deed in public places.
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Foundation for the basis of prophets preachings?
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Covenant
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Who wrote the Prophetic books?
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Scribes wrote them later on
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Speech used by prophets?
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Reproach and threat
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To whom is First Isaiah a prophet and what is his main message?
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Kingdom of Judah, mistreatment of the Jews, bad news of sin and penalty
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To whom is Elijah a prophet and what is his main message?
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Israel, idolitry
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To whom is Jeremiah a prophet and what is his main message?
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Judah, Israel has broken the covenant with God
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What is the time period of Second Isaiah?
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587-539 BCE
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How does Second Isaiah describe God?
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As the Savior and Redeemer, King
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What is Second Isaiah's good news?
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A savior will pay the penalty of sin for sinners
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What is the Greek word for "good news " or "glad tidings"
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Euangelizo
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What is the English word for Euangelizo?
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Gospel
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To whom is third Isaiah a prophet and what is his message?
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The Exiles, God is savior, redeemer, and King of his people?????
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What does salvation look like according to Third Isaiah?
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1. The return of the people
2. Glad tidings 3. The nations will come and worship the God of Israel 4. Creation will be restored |
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What situation does Malachi Confront?
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Apathy, Priest going through the motions and not loving God with whole heart
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To whom is Malachi a prophet and what is his message?
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Returning Exiles, God is king who should be feared, a messenger will come to tell of God's return to the temple
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According to Malachi, who will return before the "great and Terrible day of the Lord?"
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Elijah the prophet
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What is the general message of the post-exilic prophets?
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Transition and nations, God has a plan for the world
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Eschatology
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God has a plan for the world, study of god's plan
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Israel's expectations for salvation after the return from exile
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1. Great and terrible day of the lord
2. Line of David restored 3. 12 tribes restored 5. restoration |
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Hellenism
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The spread of Greek culture including polytheism spread by Alexander the Great
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Where do we see the influence of Hellenism in the bible?
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Septuagint, the Greek translation of the bible. Word "christos" meaning messiah
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Importance of Antiochus IV
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1. Replaces the high priest with someone not from the line of Aaron
2. Causes the Maccabeean revolt |
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Who are the Maccabees and why are they important? What festival arises as a result of their actions?
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Influential family that led revolt against Antiochus IV, haunakka
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What are some outcomes of the Maccabees revolution?
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100 years of Jewish independence, division of Judaism, rise of martyrs, ressurection
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With reference to whom is the resurrection imagery in texts like Hosea 6:1-2 and Ezekiel 34:11-14 used?
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Metaphoric language with reference to Israel as a people
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What are the outcomes of the Maccabeean revolution?
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Established independent rule for the Jewish people for one hundred years
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What event gives rise to the idea of bodily resurrection? Why?
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Persecution of the Jews under Antichous IV
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What does resurrection look like to the average Jew during the time of Jesus?
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1. "Great and Terrible"
2. Line of David 3. 12 Tribes 4. Gentiles 5. Restoration 6. Resurrection |
