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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List and describe the major events of "modernity"
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1. Copernican science, with its newtonian and darwinian version, seemed to falsify the Bible
2. the 30 years war in Europe b/w the catholic and protestant regions. This world saw 2 groups of God's people fighting and that didn't logically make sense. One of them had to be right. 3. Experiments w/ reason failed to prove existence of God and truth of Christianity. Hunean Criticism and Kantian Phenemology |
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Describe the Copernican revolution
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Bible says earth does not move and Aristotle had proved geocentricity of universe by reason. Copernicus comes along and proposes/proves heliocentricity. Trust in Bible was shaken and Christianity limped into the 18th century.
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Who conducted the two greatest experiments in human reason?
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Rene Descartes and John Locke
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What is Descartes' deal?
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Rationalism - purely logical reason alone is certain as a source of knowledge. Discourse on Method - for belief in God to be certain, it must be logically certain
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What is John Locke's deal?
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Empericism - sensory observation alone is source of knowledge. Newtonian physics described universe as a perfect machine (divine design). Was Christianity itself true? Locke said that miracles prove its truth.
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What are Locke's reasons for miracles being evidence rather than phenomena?
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With Christ's resurrection, there were multiple, independent, eye witnesses. Christianity could not have grown like it did w/o experience of a risen Christ
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Summarize Locke's argument for truth of Christianity
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There is evidence of design(proved by newton), which points to a perfect designer. If He is morally perfect, he would want us to know of his existence(revelation). Is there a revelation? yes, because evidence of at least one miracle proves it.
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What are David Hume's 3 reasons against miracles?
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1. reports come almost exclusively primitive/non-scientific sources
e.g. Babylonians claimed manifestation of gods for thunderstorms cause they didn't have scientific explanation 2. Demystifying of influence of modern newtonian science. Science has taught us to see things in certain ways. Toto factor "pulls back the curtain" on what really is. 3. It is much more likely that person/s reporting miracle are mistaken than that any evidence proving them correct |
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What are David Hume's reasons against divine design?
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1. conclusion that God exists doesn't follow logically from newtonian science. There is no way to prove the existence of only one creator. Also, the problem of God and evil coexisting
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What is Hume's proof for why God cannot exist?
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God is omnipotent and perfectly good
If all-powerful, then he could prevent evil If he is perfectly good, then He opposes existence of any evil therefore, no evil could possibly exist innumerable evils exist therefore, God cannot exist |
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What are the 3 points of Christianity's revelation?
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First of all, Christianity is not the only religion with an account of revelation(islam).
1. Xianity doesn't refer to a single compressed episode, but rather a series of episodes during a long span of time. 2. Episodes are not mere communications, but mighty acts of redemption by God in the history of Israel.(Linked with God's purpose to redeem the entire world.) 3. These acts reveal the hidden truths of God, secrets of our existence, and the way to eternal salvation |
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List and describe the 2 modes of action by God for delivering revelation
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Speaks - in a language that we can understand. God makes promises with humans (noah, abraham)
Miracles - they are rare, so we know they are out of the ordinary. They break natural laws, confirm reality of the speaker,(parting of Red Sea and significance that had for the people of that time)and displays the character of God-will for his people is good. |
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What were Kant's goals?
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to integrate rationalism and empericism. The mind and world are working in tandem
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Define a true revelation
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The master key to knowing God, the realization of existence, and path to salvation.
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What book did Kant write and what was is about?
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Critique of Pure Reason
-conditions of time and space are necessary for human knowledge -anything outside those boundaries is unknowable -God is necessarily outside of the boundaries. Him being able to know the future means he is not bound to time -What makes it able for Christians to formulate doctrines of teachings about God -Christianity claims to have a revelation that consists mainly of descriptions --> teachings about God |
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summarize Kantian ideas
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God cannot be described with language or concepts. All religions are more or less the same thing.
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describe Gnosticism
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emphasized the importance of the spiritual world. Claimed that Yahweh makes us believe the material world matters by trapping us in bodies. challenged how we knew apostolic faith was right, making them do proofs back to polycarp who knew John
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