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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where was Hilary of Poiters exiled to?
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Phrygia
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Why was Hilary of Poiters exiled?
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Because he refused to sign on to the council of Milan that met in 355
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What happened to Pope liberius on account of the council of Milan?
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He was brought to Milan and eventually sent to Beroea in Thrace until such time As he would subscribe to the synodal letter of Sirmium
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Who was made to replace pope liberius in Rome?
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Felix - antipope
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While the council of Milan was convening at this time? What was Constantius' attitude towards Athanasius?
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Council of Milan met in 355, and constantius initiated plans to expell Athanasius, sending troops in 356, but Athanasius fled to the monastic settlements of upper and lower Egypt
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Who was Athanasius' replacement when he was exiled for a third time after the council of Milan in 355?
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George
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In the end how did pope liberius react to the demands of Constantius that he sign the synodal letter issued by Sirmium?
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In 357 pope liberius compromised and accepted it and accepted athanasius' deposition
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What is the blasphemy of sirmium?
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A text written up after the council of Sirmium which overtly stood against Nicaea - the first of this type
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Which two new theologians created a new dynamic in the theological controversies in the late 350s?
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Aetius & Eunomius
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What was Aetius teaching that changed the dynamics of the situation in the late 350s?
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He was teaching that the "son is disimilar to the father" and thus worrying many anti-nicenes in the opposite direction causing them to soften their stance towards Nicaea
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Who was responsable for swaying constantius back towards a middle ground in the late 350s?
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Basil of Ancyra
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When was the first time that christs decent into hell was added to any creed?
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In 359 in what is known as the "Dated Creed"
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How did the dated creed react to the term ousia?
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It thought that the term was unnecessary and controversial and since it didn't exist in scripture it wasn't necessary to include it in any of the creeds
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Who first contributed to the possible reapproachment between nicenes and antiNicenes explaining the eastern understanding of the term hypostasis to mean something like person?
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George of Laodicea
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What was the double council and when was it held?
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It was two councils held one in the west (Ariminum) and one in the east (Seleucia) that sought a consensus middle route but really shook things up and many eastern bishops were unseated by persons highly antinicene thus creating a growing sense of alienation for some of these eastern bishops
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In 359 how had athanasius' attitude changed and who was he seeking support from?
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He was more conciliatory and he sought the support of those who would affirm the anathemas of the nicene creed but still were hesitant about the word homoousios, he said to see these people as brothers
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Who is one prominent member of the party that athanasius was courting in the early 360s?
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Basil of Ancyra
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In the early 360s whar course of events changed the situation drastically for px history?
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In 355 Constantius appointed his younger cousin Julian as Caesar and sent him to Gaul, but Julian became increasingly popular there and they proclaimed him Augustus there in 360 when he refused to send his soldiers to help constantius against the Persians
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In 360 what did Julian allow the Christians in the west to do?
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He allowed a group of Gallic bishops to meet in Paris in 360
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Who attended the council in paris set up by Julian?
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Hilary of poiters who returned to the west without the permission of constantius
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Why didn't the rivalry between Julian and constantius turn into civil war?
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Because Constantius died in 361 and designated Julian as his sucessor
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After the death of constantius what the Julian begin to do?
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Rescind all benefits for Christians and iniciate his pagan reforms
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When did athanasius return to Alexandria after he was exiled in 356?
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362
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What was one of athanasius' first and important acts when he returned?
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He convened a council in 362 in which were created two documents, "the catholic epistles", which held out a call for unity on the basis of The son of god not being a creature and the necessity of the son and spirit's divinity in order that humans may be cleansed and deified, the second letter "the tome to the antiochenes" urges unity among the factured antiochenes around the nicene creed which is the only common touchstone faith
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What was the theological significance of athanasius' tome?
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It laird the groundwork forfuture reapprochment based on a partative reading of scripture
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Why and when dis Julian change his policy of allowing bishops to return to their home cities after they had been banished by constantius
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Julian had hoped that by allowing the bishops to return it would weaken the church but it only seemed to strengthen it and thus he gave an edict in 362 that said that athanasius was to be exiled because he had reoccupied his episcopal throne when he was only allowed to return to his old city
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When was athanasius banished by Julian?
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362
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When did Julian die?
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363
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What did athanasius do when he heard about the death of Julian in 363?
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He left from exile and sought an audience with the new emperor Jovian who instructed him to return to his episcopal duties in Alexandria
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Who was emperor after Julian?
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Jovian
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What happened at the council held in Antioch by the newly apointed emperor Jovian
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The council desired peace and unity and a shared touchstone around Nicaea as the only possible way to defeat the anomoians who thought that Jesus was unlike the father
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What Important event happened on 364?
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Jovian died due to accidental suffocation during the night
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Who was appointed emperor after Jovian and when?
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Valentinian in 364, who divided up the empire in half between him (west) and his younger brother Valens (east) as constantius and constans had earlier
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How are valentinian and valens remembered in terms of church history
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Valentinian was even handed and didn't support anti Arian eastern bishops as constans did, valens was a pragmatic Arian much the same way that constantius was
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There were a series of councils in Asia minor in 365, what was thier significance?
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They found in favor of Nicaea and the results were sent to the west where pope liberius heartily commended them for holding to Nicaea
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During the reign of valens a proposed council was to be held in tarsus in 365, what happened?
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Some anti nicenes heard about it and valens found out and deposed all the bishops that constantius originally deposed but that Julian had allowed to return
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After being exiled by Julian who exiled athanasius next?
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Valens did in 365 but athanasius was invites back because of political reasons in which valens required Egypt as an ally
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Who else did valens banish?
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Eunomius who remained banished until the death of valens in 378
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