Theo Final

Front 1

Indulgences

Back 1

Practices in which the church would cancel all parts of the penance (punishments) due to an individual who has sinned.

Front 2

Humanism

Back 2

Movement to recover the Latin and Greek classics, and with them to discover a more secular and individualistic view of humanity.

Front 3

Aggiornamento

Back 3

"a bringing up to date"

Front 4

Catholic Reformation

Back 4

Refers tothe efforts of those who wanted to bring about the internal rebirth of theCatholic sensibility – in theology, spirituality, religious piety, andmorality.

Front 5

Counter-Reformation

Back 5

Refers to the efforts of those who were loyal to thepope and supportive of the customary practices of the Roman Catholic Church tocounter the teachings/practices of the Protestant Reformers.

Front 6

Council of Trent

Back 6

Meeting that responded to the Protestant Reformation (Counter-Reformation) and initiated an internal reform and spiritual reawakening based upon a reevaluationof doctrinal issues that impacted the lives of 16th centuryCatholics. (Reformation). Discussed corruption in the Church.

Front 7

Enlightenment

Back 7

Movement that emphasized reason, science, the goodness and rights of humanity, religious toleration, progress, and human freedom.

Front 8

Exclusivism

Back 8

The belief that truth resides in only Christianity, and no other religions.

Front 9

Inclusivism

Back 9

The belief that every religion has a ray of truth towards Christ.

Front 10

Pluralism*

Back 10

The belief that all religions aim at the same goal of religious fulfillment and are equally effective means of reaching this goal. Christ is only one means of doing it.

Front 11

Protestant Reformation

Back 11

Reform efforts initiated by Martin Luther, which eventually led to the separation between Roman Catholics and Protestants.

Front 12

Rationalism

Back 12

The belief that reason alone can provide us with the knowledge of all reality.

Front 13

Renaissance

Back 13

"rebirth". A cultural movement that involved a renewed interest in the Latin and Greek classics. A more scientific approach to history and literature.

Front 14

Scientism

Back 14

The claim that the only valid method of knowing is science and that what cannot be known by science does not exist.

Front 15

Deism

Back 15

The view that God created the earth but does not intervene in its operation.

Front 16

Ultramontanism

Back 16

Beyond the mountains. Referring to Rome's location beyond the Alps.

Front 17

Second Vatican Council (Vatican II)

Back 17

A gathering of Catholic Bishops, etc to renew the religious life of the Church and to bring it into the modern world.

Front 18

Ecumenical (2nd definition)

Back 18

A universal gathering of Christian bishops called to resolve urgent issues affecting the whole church.

Front 19

Anthropic principle**

Back 19

The insight that aworld capable of producing anthropoid (complicated consequences comparable tomen and women) is a very special, finely tuned universe.