Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
treaty of cateau Cambresis
|
ended the Habsburg valois wars.
*spain won *initiated a period of conflicts in which politics and religions played the dominant roles |
|
Difficulties in France
|
*huge population losses b/c of plauge and hundred years war
*created labor shortage (serfdom almost dissappeared) *helped peasantry...hindered nobility |
|
Francis I
|
issued an ordinacne that placed france under the jurisdiction of roayal law courts and made french the language of the courts
*had a powerful centrallizing power *put a taille (tax) on land to support his standing army |
|
Habsburg - Valois Wars
|
*very costly
*francis tried to raise money by the sale of public offices and a treaty w/ the papacy (concordat of Bologna - agreed to recognize supremacy of papacy over universal council and gained the right to appoint all french bishops and abbots) - ensured french as catholic |
|
Thirty Years War
|
*conflict over religious faith
*peace of westphalia - treaty that recognized the sovereign, independent authority of more than 300 german princes, each would govern his territory and make war and peace |
|
Germany after the 30s yr war
|
*most destructive event econimcally and socially
*1/3 of urban residents and 2/5 of rural residents died *land destroyed - agricultural areas suffered *rise in value of labor *30 yr war led to legal and economic decline of the largest segment of german society |
|
Portugese exploration
|
*first ppl to explore/take overseas territories
*crusade to christianize muslims and to find gold, and an overseas route to the spice markets of india *Prince Henry "the navigatoR" established school for the study of geography and navigation *by 1500 portugal controlled flow of gold to Europe (most came from Sudan, Ghana) |
|
Vasca De Gama
|
Portugese explorer
*reached india and returned w/ spices and cloth *1500 - coast of brazil sighted and claimed the crown of portugal |
|
technological stimuli to exploration
|
*cannon
*caravel - a small light 3 mastered sailing ship *magnetic compass *astrolabe - measures altitude of sun and other celestial bodies |
|
Problems of christopher
columbus &significance of his voyage |
*recently undergone severe criticism
*enslaved and sometimes killed indians he encountered *was a cruel and ineffective governor of spains caribbean colony *deeply religious man - witnessed spanish conquet of granada and shared in nationalism - understood christianity as a missionary religion - should spread *did not discover america - europeans and africans there b4 him *misunderstood what he had found *abandoned mother of his illegitimate son *some claim he is the originator of esploitation of non european world *wanted to find direct ocean route to asia that would prove for expanded trade for spain |
|
Magellan
|
*find a route to spices of suotheast asia
*was killed but expedition continued *storms , mutiny, starvation and disese haunted the voyage *proved earth was round and larger than colombus thought |
|
cortes
|
*arrived in mexico in 1519
*took aztec ameperor montezuma captive and conquered rich aztec empire *founded mexico city as capital of new spain |
|
Francisco Pizzaro
|
*went to peru and crushed inca empire in west s. america
*establish spanish viceroyalty of peru w center @ lima |
|
Dutch East India Company
|
*first imperialistic company
*expelled the portugese from ceylon and other east indian islands |
|
John Cabot
|
*explored North east coast of north america - found newfoundland
|
|
John cartier
|
*made serveral voyages and explored the st. lawrence region of canada
|
|
The economic effects of Spains discoveries in the New World
|
*golden century of spain
*precious metals into spain from american colonies *population increased *establishment of new colonies created larger demand for goods in spain *economy could not meet the demands --> led to inflation --> government went bankrupt - greatly hurt nobles fixed incomes |
|
The Columbian Exchange
|
*european involvement in the americas led to the acceleration of glabal contacts
*age of discovery led to migration of ppl which led to exchange of animals, plants and DISEASE |
|
European slavery
|
*native american slaves not accustomed to harshness of spanish exploitation
*could not work in sun for 12 horus a day--died quickly *decided to import blacks for better labor *1518 african slave trade began *dutch west india company and royal african company - transported slaves *many prejudices and racial attitudes |
|
Michel de montaigne
|
*wrote essays about living in accordance w/ nature and god
*research is means of learning and ignorance is the end *rejected dogmatism |
|
Baroque art and music
|
*stressed influence of Rome and the revitalized catholic church
*appealed to senses *religious emotionalism |