Themes And Concepts Of Biology

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atom

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smallest and most fundamental unit of matte

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biochemistry

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study of the chemistry of biological organisms

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biosphere

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collection of all the ecosystems on Earth

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botany

Back 4

study of plants

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cell

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smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things

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community

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set of populations inhabiting a particular area

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ecosystem

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all the living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, nonliving parts of that environment

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eukaryote

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organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles

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evolution

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process of gradual change during which new species arise from older species and some species become extinct

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homeostasis

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ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions

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macromolecule

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large molecule, typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules

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microbiology

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study of the structure and function of microorganisms

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molecule

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chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by one or more chemical bonds

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molecular biology

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study of biological processes and their regulation at the molecular level, including interactions among molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins

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neurobiology

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study of the biology of the nervous system

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organ

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collection of related tissues grouped together performing a common function

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organ system

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level of organization that consists of functionally related interacting organs

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organelle

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small structures that exist within cells and carry out cellular functions

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organism

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individual living entity

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paleontology

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study of life’s history by means of fossils

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phylogenetic tree

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diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both; in essence, a hypothesis concerning evolutionary connections

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population

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all of the individuals of a species living within a specific area

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prokaryote

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single-celled organism that lacks organelles and does not have nuclei surrounded by a nuclear membrane

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tissue

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group of similar cells carrying out related functions

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zoology

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study of animals