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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1st law of thermodynamics
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energy can be transformed (changed from one form to another) but cannot be created or destroyed.
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2nd law of thermodynamics
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Energy always changes from a more useful, higher quality from to a less useful, lower quality form
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ANWR
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(The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge) A national wildlife refuge in northeastern Alaska that preserves wildlife and wilderness. It is the largest national wildlife refuge in the country.
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Biomass
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The amount of living material, or the amount of organic material contained in living organisms, both as live and dead material, as in the leaves (live) and stem wood (dead) of trees
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Bureau of Lands Management
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manages about 264 million acres of land in 12 states. Deals with health, diversity, and productivity of public land for the use of future and present generations. Administers issues on public lands such as energy, fire, land overuse, grazing, recreation, etc.
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chronic patchiness
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A situation where ecological succession does not occur. One species may replace another, or an individual of the first species may replace it, but no overall general temporal pattern is established. Characteristic of harsh environments such as deserts.
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Climax or mature community
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a community whose plant/animal populations have reached a steady state abd balance with each other and their environment. It is the final stage of succession, and remains the same until interrupted by a natural disaster or human interference
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Dept. of Interior
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The federal department of the US government responsible for the conservation and managment of US lands and natural resources
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Early successional species
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Species specially adapted to thrive in unstable living conditions; prepares the way for the next successors
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Ecological lands
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A classification of land based on different factors such as the different flora and fauna of a region.
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facilitation
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During succession, one species prepares the way for the next( and may be necessary for the occurrence of the next)
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Gross productivity
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An organism produces organic matter within its body
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interference
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When, during succession, one species prevents the entrance of later-successional species into an ecosystem. For example, some grasses produce such dense mats that seeds of trees cannot reach the soil to germinate it. As long as these grasses persist, the trees that characterize later stages of succession cannot enter the ecosystem.
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K-selected species
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A species that is well adapted to its environment. Some factors of a K species are little offspring long life-spans and large bodies.
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Late successional species
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Species that occur only or primarily in, or are dominant, in, late stages in succession.
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Moderately restricted-use lands
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Lands that are being ecologically protected and can be used by humans, but not for major commercial purposes.
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Multiple-use lands
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Lands that can be used for logging, mining, grazing, farming, oil, recreation, hunting, and conservation; limited restrictions
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National Forest
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A large expanse of forest that is owned, protected, and maintained by the government. It may be harvested or hunted only under controlled conditions.
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National Park System
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The National Park System of the United States is administered by the National Park Service, a bureau of the Department of the Interior. Started with the establishment of Yellowstone National Park on March 1, 1872, the system includes not only the most extraordinary and spectacular scenic exhibits in the United States, but also a large number of sites distinguished for their historic or prehistoric importance, scientific interest, or superior recreational assets.
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National Resource Lands
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Under the bureau of land management, these lands are protected and used for their natural resources.
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National wildlife refugees
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Land with moderately restricted use. There are 508 refugees in the US and 24% of the refuge is dedicated to preserving wilderness. Oil, farming, hunting and mineral extraction are okay based on approval.
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Net productivity
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The amount of energy trapped in organic matter during a specified interval at a given trophic level
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pioneer species
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Species which colonize previously uncolonized land
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Primary Productivity
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The production of organic compounds from atmospheric or aquatic carbon dioxide, mainly through the process of photosynthesis.
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Primary succession
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The initial establishment and development of an ecosystem where there are no remnants of a previous biological community.
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Restricted-use lands
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Preserved, untouched lands for everyone to enjoy later. Used for fishing, fiking, camping, etc.
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r-selected species
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Species that are adapted to reproducing rapidly in environments that are likely to change. They are generally small in body size and mature quickly.
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Secondary productivity
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The rate at which consumers convert the chemical energy of their food into their own biomass is called secondary productivity.
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Secondary succession
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The reestablishment of an ecosystem where there are remnants of a previous biological community
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Tag and recapture
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a method used to estimate the population size of a certain species in a given area. Many
scientists use the method of tag/recapture in order to estimate a population size. |
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tolerance
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The ability to withstand stress from the exposure of a pollutant or other harmful condition
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USFS
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The United States Forest Service - An agency in the Department of Agriculture that manages the health, productivity, and diversity of the National Forests and Grasslands in the United States.
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USFWS
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The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) is a federal government agency within the United States Department of the Interior dedicated to the management of fish, wildlife, and habitats. The mission of the agency reads as "working with others to conserve, protect, and enhance fish, wildlife, plants and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people."
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Wilderness areas
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a region whose natural growth is protected by legislation and whose recreational and industrial use is restricted.
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Working resource lands
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farms and forests that are managed to meet several objectives, including the production of food and wood products
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Yellowstone National Park
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established by President Grant in 1872, it is a national park located in Wyoming and extends into Montana and Idaho
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