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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Eclecticism
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1945-1975 theatre artists who experimented with wide variety of techniques (Peter Brook most famous)
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Independent Theatres
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Jacob Thomas Grein founded company to circumvent censorship by lord chamberlain, introduced realist Ibsen to English public
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Lafayette Players
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Most significant African American stock company introduced Ethel Waters
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Epic Theatre
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Brecht's plays which were episodic, dealt with foreign lands, had many characters. Goal was to instruct not emote.
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Expressionism
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Reality is distorted to express inner feelings
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Dada
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Movement that never caught on but influenced avant garde pieces in future. Tried to confuse and antagonize audience.
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Federal Theatre Project
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Headed by Hallie Flanagan Davis, supported theatre and revitalized interest in NYC
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Absurdist Drama
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Presents human existence and relationships as futile or absurd
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Angry Young Men
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Realist playwrights in England during 1950s, dealt with class conflict and political disillusionment
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Cafe La Mama
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Founded by Ellen Stewart, Off Broadway playhouse helped est Lanford Wilson, Sam Shepard, and more in 1960s
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Documentary Drama
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German Movement convince audience they were watching history unfold
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Moscow Art Theatre
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Most influential realist theatre in late 1800s, Stanislavski and Chekhov
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Naturalism
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Artist should present picture of real world without presence felt, Emile Zola most successful
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Peking Opera
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Asian theatre late 19th cent, singing, music, acrobatics of traditional Chinese theatre. Dinner theatre
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Realism
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Stage represents everyday life, morality is relative, Ibsen
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Futurism
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Filippo Marinetti, idealized war and developing machine age
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Group Theatre
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Stanislavski to USA, Strasberg, Clurman, Adler
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"Little Theatre" Movement
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Small independent theatres, inspired off broadway movement. Provincetown + Wash. Square players
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Living Newspaper
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Dramatization of current events
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Environmental Theatre
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The whole space is a performance space and lines between performers and audience are blurred
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Existentialism
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Sartre, Camus, little meaning to existence, humanity is alone in an irrational universe
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Happenings
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Non-structured theater events. Art should not be restricted at all.
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The Living Theatre
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Beck and Malina, off broadway, avant garde, experimental theatre company
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Symbolism
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Leading anti realistic movement 1880-1910, inner life rather than outer life, no plot action, static, evocative, ceremonial, spirituality not literalness
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Tsukiji Little Theatre
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Osanai Kaoru, center for the development of Japanese drama until bombing of Toyko in WWII
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Show Boat
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First musical with plot and character development,
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Socialist Realism
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Written in realistic style, convey clear socialist message, started by Soviet Union
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Surrealism
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Subconscious was highest plane of reality, attempted to recreate subconscious feelings, Cocteau, Breton
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Theatre of Cruelty
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Artaud, emphasized sensory, assaults audience, bombarding of senses, text and script should be reworked to highlight relevance
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Negro Ensemble Company
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Longest running professional African american company still in continuous production, Douglas Turner Ward
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Off and Off-Off Broadway
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Reaction against broadway and off broadways' commercialism, respectively, new playwrights, reviving plays that were initially unsuccessful, popularized intimate playhouses
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Selective Realism
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Type of realism that heightens certain details of action dialogue and scenery while omitting others, Miller, Williams Albee
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Adolphe Appia
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First to develop a theory of anti-realistic staging, simple symbolic sets that work with the actor
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David Belasco
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Producer, highly realistic techniques to create sensational stagings of melodramas, many actors built successful careers performing in them
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Edward Gordon Craig
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Stage designer, wanted to free theatre from realism, create unified artwork with light as key element
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Stella Adler
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Emphasized text of the play, Stanislavski's method in USA
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Antonin Artaud
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Theatre of Cruelty, theorist, actor and director
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Jacques Copeau
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Theatre ought to focus on the play rather than its trappings, improvisation, games, mask work to explore text, reject naturalist idea of theatre
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Edward Albee
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Mixed realism with mysticism and symbolism, creating obscurity that puzzled/pleased critics, witty plays, The Goat, Who's Afraid of Virginia Wolf, Zoo Story, Play about the Baby
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Amiri Baraka
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Dutchman, Black protest drama
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Peter Brook
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English Theorist, The Empty Space, influenced by meyerhol and artaud, combined many theories and unified them
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Henrik Ibsen
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Pioneer of realism, Dollhouse, stage life represents everyday life
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Henry Irving
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Most acclaimed english actor in last part of 19th century, one of the last great english actor-managers
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Vsevelod Meyerhold
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Anti-realistic acting style, opposite of stanislavski, experimental theatre director, used commedia vaudeville and circus in plays
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George Bernard Shaw
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Socialist themes in plays, realistic comedies of manners that dealt with serious social issues, witty and lively dialogue
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Federico Garcia Lorca
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Killed in Spanish civil war, plays were protest for spanish people, Butterfly's Crime, Blood Wedding, House of Bernardo Alba
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Mei Lanfang
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Most renowned modern performed of Peking Opera, known for female characters
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Eva La Gallienne
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Actress and director, dedicated to making serious drama available to audiences, opposed to commercialism, ran civic rep. theatre
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Eugene O' Neill
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Wrote in nearly every form of drama, attempted to bring american theatre to maturity, realistic deal with family
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Jerzy Grotowski
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Environmental theatre, theorist, anti-realist, theater as an art rather than theatre as a social instrument
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Lorraine Hansberry
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First and youngest playwright woman and black person to make it broadway, Raisin in the Sun, plays dealt with the black experience
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Eugene Ionesco
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Absurdist playwright, Bald Soprano, exit the king, often turned characters into caricatures, pushed dramatic actions to the point of ridiculousness, futility of communication
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August Strindberg
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Plays dealt with events in Swedish history, late 18s-early 19s, symbolism, surrealist, expressionist
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Rabindranath Tagore
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Indian theatre artist, social issues in plays, experimented with many different forms, dance dramas, nobel prize and knighted
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Benjamin Franklin Wedekin
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Combined symbolist and grotesque elements with realistic subject matter, Spring's Awakening
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Luigi Pirandello
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Italian playwright, Six Characters in Search of an Author, philosophical debates questioning difference between appearance and reality, highly theatrical devices in unusual way
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Erwin Piscator
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Develop proletarian theatre, political and meant to instigate social change, documentary drama
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Paul Robeson
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Influential black actor and singer, very political
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Ethel Waters
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Famous black actress, came from lafayette players
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Joseph Papp
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Off broadway producer, New York Shakespeare fest, the Public Theatre
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Harold Pinter
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Didn't give exposition or explanation, strange characters, existence is enough, absurdist, Homecoming, Birthday Party
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Josef Svoboda
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Scenic innovator, multimedia in sets, projected images, kinetics (setting must be dynamic, changing throughout the performance according to demands of text)
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Theater Owners Booking Association
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Agency that helped black artists find work
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