The "wild" West

Front 1

Plains Indians

Back 1

Nomadic
Lived off bison on the Great Plains
Horse based culture
Tribes&bands
Sioux, Cheyene, Comanche, Apache, Pawnee, Crow

Front 2

Other Indians

Back 2

Non-nomadic
Agricultural
Cherokees

Front 3

"Sea of Grass"

Back 3

term used by Lewis and Clark to describe Western frontier

Front 4

"The Great American Desert"

Back 4

Old map term for the Great Plains

Front 5

"The Frontier Thesis"

Back 5

Frederick Jackson Turner (1893)
Frontier is the main influence upon democracy.
Democracy is a result of the frontier.
An equalizer.
Mobility
Capitalism

Front 6

Bonanza Farming

Back 6

Corporate farming which utilized mass production techniques. This increases the size of the farm.

Front 7

Sitting Bull, Red Cloud, Crazy Horse, and Geranimo

Back 7

Successful Indian chiefs who accepted Westernization and were well known by Americans.

Front 8

The Battle of Little Big Horn

Back 8

Battle between Indians and George Armstrong Custer and the 7th Cavalry.
*Indians massacred Custer and cavalry, but gave bad publicity to the Indians which renewed American efforts to exterminate them.

Front 9

Wounded Knee Massacre

Back 9

1890
Winter campaign in which Americans wiped out Indian men, women, and children as an assault against the tribe's Ghost Dance religion which went against "Americanization."

Front 10

Buffalo Soldier

Back 10

African American soldier in the cavalry who engaged against the Indians

Front 11

Sand Creek Massacre

Back 11

The near annihilation in 1864 of Black Kettle's Cheyenne band by Colorado troops under Colonel John Chivington's orders to "kill and scalp all, big and little."

Front 12

The Treaty of Fort Laramie

Back 12

The treaty acknowledging U.S defeat in the Great Sioux War in 1868 and supposedly guaranteeing the Sioux perpetual land and hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana.

Front 13

Dawes Act

Back 13

An 1887 law terminating tribal ownership of land and allotting some parcels of land to individual Indians with the remainder opened for White settlement.
*An attempt to institute capitalism

Front 14

Saloon

Back 14

Social center in mining towns

Front 15

Chisholm Trail

Back 15

The route followed by Texas cattle raisers driving their herds north to markets at Kansas railheads.

Front 16

Homestead Act

Back 16

Law passed by COngress in 1862 providing 160 acres of land free to anyone who would live on and plot and farm the land for five years.

Front 17

Comstock Lode

Back 17

mining of silver and gold in Nevada; mining town lifestyle

Front 18

Cattle Drive

Back 18

Entrepreneurs went into Texas and Mexico, got cattle, and herded them to railheads

Front 19

Railheads

Back 19

Where the railroad connects to other railroads; often cow towns.

Front 20

Dime novels

Back 20

Made up stories about fantastic events that were often based on Western mythology.

Front 21

Buffalo Billy Cody's Wild West

Back 21

Successful attempt at show business that resembled a western themed traveling circus. It recreated Indian battles and gunfights.

Front 22

Outlaws as heroes

Back 22

Billy the Kid and Jesse James were Southern mythic heroes and Confederate sympathizers who embodied Southern resistance.

Front 23

sodbuster

Back 23

a homesteader

Front 24

Barb Wire

Back 24

Invented by Joseph Glidden in 1874 and put an end to cattle drives

Front 25

Oklahoma Land Rush

Back 25

1889
Boomers
and Sooners: someone who cheated by getting to the land before the opening gun.

Front 26

Agrarian Revolt

Back 26

Farmers are angry over falling crop prices and big business monopoly.
Form Alliances or Cooperatives to control crop prices

Front 27

"Moneyed interests"

Back 27

A belief by farmers that there was a conspiracy by banks and governments.