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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cotton gin |
Machine invented in 1793 to separate the cotton fiber from its hard shell |
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Eli Whitney |
Inventor of the cotton gin |
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Trail of Tears |
15000 Cherokees were forced to move from the southeast to Oklahoma by the federal government at least 4,000 died during the trip |
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Wilmot Proviso |
Proposed but rejected in 1846. Bill that would have banned slavery in the territory won from Mexico in the Mexican War |
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Free Soil Party |
Anti-slavery political party of the mid-1800s |
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Popular sovereignty |
Political policy is that permitted the residents of federal territories to decide on whether to enter the Union as a free or slave state |
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Secede |
To withdraw formally from a membership in a group or an organization |
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Nullification |
The idea that states could void any federal law they deemed unconstitutional |
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Compromise of 1850 |
Political agreement that allowed California to be admitted as a free state by allowing popular sovereignty in the territories and enacting a stricter Fugitive Slave Law |
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Fugitive Slave Act |
Law that required all citizens to aid in apprehending runaway slaves |
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Personal Liberty laws |
Laws enacted by northern states to counteract the Fugitive Slave Act by granting rights to escaped slaves and free blacks |
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Underground Railroad |
System that existed before the Civil War in which black and white abolitionists helped escaped slaves travel to safe areas, especially Canada |
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Harriet Tubman |
One of the conductors of the Underground Railroad; an escaped slave herself; was known as "Black Moses" |
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Harriet Beecher Stowe |
Wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin which was anti-slavery and showed the horrors of slavery |
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Kansas-Nebraska Act |
1854 law that divided the Nebraska territory into Kansas and Nebraska giving each territory the right to decide whether or not to allow slavery |
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John Brown |
Led a midnight execution of five pro-slavery settlers in Kansas in retaliation of pro-slavery Border Ruffians destroying homes and the newspaper in Lawrence Kansas |
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Bleeding Kansas |
Term used to describe the 1854-1856 violence between pro-slavery and anti-slavery supporters in Kansas |
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Know-Nothings |
Political party of the mid-1800s; officially known as the American party; they opposed immigration |
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Republican Party |
Political party established around an anti-slavery platform in 1854 |
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Dred Scott |
Missouri slave who sued for his freedom due to living in a free state |
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Roger B Taney |
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who with the Court ruled that slaves and their descendants were property, not citizens, and could not sue in the courts |
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Frederick Douglas |
African-American abolitionist who said the Dred Scott Decision would actually help to hasten the end of slavery |
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Abraham Lincoln |
Debated Douglas and felt the Dred Scott Decision, slavery, and popular sovereignty were wrong; elected president in 1860 |
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Stephen A Douglas |
Defeated Lincoln for a seat in the u.s. Senate; felt popular sovereignty was supported by the Constitution and had sympathy toward slavery; ran for president in 1860 |
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Harpers Ferry |
Town in Virginia (now West Virginia) where abolitionist John Brown raided a federal Arsenal in 1859 |
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Jefferson Davis |
Senator who convinced Congress to restrict Federal control over slavery; President of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War |
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John C Breckinridge |
Ran for president in 1860 as one of the two Democrat candidates (Stephen A Douglas was the other) |
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Confederate States of America |
Government of 11 southern states that seceded from the US and fought against the Union in the Civil War |
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Crittenden promise |
1861 proposed Constitutional Amendment that attempted to prevent secession of the southern states by allowing slavery in all territories south of the Missouri Compromise line |
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Fort Sumter |
Federal Fort located in Charleston South Carolina where the first shots of the Civil War were fired |
