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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How are the interspaces btw 2 ribs numbered?
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By rib above it
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What are some of the anatomical vocabulary used to locate chest findings?
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supraclavicular: above the clavicles
infraclavicular: below the clavicles interscapular: between the scapulae infrascapular: below the scapulae bases of lungs: lowest part upper, middle, lower lung fields |
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What are the landmarks on the chest?
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2 ICS-needle insertion for tension pneumothorax
4 ICS-chest tube placement T4-lower margin of ETT on CXR T7-8 interspace-(inferior tip of scapula)-thoracentesis sternal angle- C7 & T1 spinous processes-when neck is flexed |
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How do you locate ribs and spaces along the vertical axis anteriorly?
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Anterior-find suprasternal notch, move down 5 cm to sternal angle, move laterally to find 2nd rib and costal cartilage, walk down in oblique line
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How do you locate ribs and spaces along the vertical axis posteriorly?
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Posterior-
press in and up against lower border of 12th rib & walk up use interior tip of scapula as landmark use C& & T1 as landmark by flexing neck, move down |
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How do you locate ribs and spaces around the circumference of chest?
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use series of vertical lines (midsternal, midclavicular, anterior axillary, posterior axillary, scapular, vertebral)
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How do you find ribs & interspaces in women?
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move breast to side
palpate medially |
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Differentiate among the cartilages of first 7 ribs, 8th-10th ribs, and 11th-12th ribs.
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The first 7 articulates with sternum, 8th-10th articulate w/ costal cartilages just above them, the others are floating ribs
Feel 11th rib laterally & 12th posteriorly |
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What feel identical on palpation?
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ribs and costal cartilages
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Where are the lungs located?
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Apex-2-4 cm above clavicle
Lower boarder-anteior-6th rib @ midclavicular line & 8th rib @ midaxillary Posterior-T10 spinous process |
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Where the fissures located?
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Each lung divided by oblique fissure from T3 spinous proess obliquely & around chest to 6th rib @ midclavicular line
Right lung divided by horizontal fissure from 4th rib to oblique fissure in midaxillary line near 5th rib |
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Where are the trachea & major bronchi located?
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bifurcates into bronchi @ sternal angle & T4 spinous process
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What is the pleurae?
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Serous membrane that covers outer surface of each lung & lines inner rib cage & upper surface of diaphragm
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How does breathing occur?
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automatically
inspiratory phase- diaphragm contracts expiratory phase-passive |
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Who are the helpers and controller in breathing?
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brainstem-controller
respiratory muscles-helpers parasternals-sternum to ribs obliquely scalenes-cervical vertebrae to first 2 ribs |
