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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychoanalytic therapy
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The classical analyst remains anonymous, and clients develop projections toward him or her. Focus is on reducing the resistance that develops in working with transference and on establishing more rational control. Clients undergo long-term analysis, engage in free association to uncover conflicts, and gain insight by talking. The analyst makes interpretations to teach clients the meaning of current behavior as it relates to the past. In contemporary relational psychoanalytic therapy, the relationship is central and emphasis is given to here-and-now dimensions of this relationship.
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Adlerian therapy
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The emphasis is on joint responsibility, on mutually determining goals, on mutual trust and respect, and on equality. Focus is on identifying, exploring, and disclosing mistaken goals and faulty assumptions within the person's lifestyle.
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Existential therapy
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The therapist's main tasks are to accurately grasp clients' being in the world and to establish a personal and authentic encounter with them. The immediacy of the client-therapist relationship and the authenticity of the here-and-now encounter are stressed. Both client and therapist can be changed by the encounter.
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Person-centered therapy
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The relationship is of primary importance. The quality of the therapist, including genuineness, warmth, accurate empathy, respect, and nonjudgmentalness- and communication of these attitudes to clients- are stressed. Clients use this genuine relationship with the therapist to help them transfer what they learn to other relationships.
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Gestalt therapy
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Central importance is given to the I/Thou relationship and the quality of the therapist's presence. The therapist's attitudes and behavior count more than the techniques used. The therapist does not interpret for clients but assists them in developing the means to make their own interpretations. Clients identify and work on unfinished business from the past that interferes with current functioning.
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Behavior therapy
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The therapist is active and directive and functions as a teacher or mentor in helping clients learn more effective behavior. Clients must e active in the process and experiment with new behaviors. Although a quality client-therapist is not viewed as sufficient to bring about change, it is considered essential for implementing behavioral procedures.
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