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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who came up with the 3 types of crying?
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Wolff
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Who said that the sound of the infant crying warms the mother's breast milk?
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Vuorenkoshi
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Who said fast responses to infants' crying makes the infant too dependent?
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Hubbard, 1991
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Who looked at African societies, and found girls cried more than boys there
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konner, 1977
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Who said smiling at 2 months is social?
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Spitz and Wolff, 1946
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Who found that infants prefer smiley faces to non-smiley faces?
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Kuchuk, 1986
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Who found from 4 weeks, infants begin to smile using eye contact
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Wolff, 1963
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Who studied Uganda and Japanese mothering styles?
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Super and Harkness
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Who found face preference from 2 weeks?
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Fantz
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Who used symmetrical non face to compare with faces?
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Wilcox
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Who used symmetrical faces in motion, to find face preference from infancy?
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Goren, Sarty and Wu, 1975
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Who found mother preference over a stranger preference in newborns?
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Carpenter
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Who found that attractive babies were given more attention than facially disfigured babies?
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Bardes et al, 1989
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Who found that babies prefer voices to other sounds?
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Elsenberg, 1966
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Who found that babies preferred the mothers voice to other voices?
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Decasper and Fifer, 1980
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Who found that infants discriminated a story that had been read to them in the womb?
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Spence and Decasper, 1982
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Who found that infants could distinguish between subtle sounds i.e. 'pa' and 'ba'?
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Eimas et al
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Who found that the mother and baby take turns while feeding?
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Kaye, 1982
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Who found mothers and babies of age 1 or 2 take turns with vocal sounds, like a conversation?
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Schaffer et al, 1977
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Who said emotions are both received and responded to?
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Field et al, 1982
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Who said we show characteristics we can't help when we are emotional?
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Darwin
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Who said infants can't perceive faces until 2 months because before then they can't see internal features?
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Maurer and Barrera, 1981
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Who said imitation uses innate skills?
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Melzoff, 1985
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Who said the mother looks where the infant does, but the infant only looks where the mother does by the end of the first year?
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Collis, 1977
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Who said development of routines i.e. peekaboo, rolling a ball to each other, teaches the child about the structure and demands of social interaction?
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Bruner, 1983a
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Who found three temperament characteristics?
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Thomas and Chess, 1977, 1989
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Who found high correlations in temperments of identical twins?
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Goldsmith, 1989
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Who found that inhibited and fearful children at 14 months had social anxiety at ages 2,3,4 and 8?
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Kagan, 1989
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Who found that temperament reports from different adults on the same child didn't match?
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Thomas and Chess, 1989
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Who criticised the 44 Juvenile Thieves, saying the evidence was flimsy?
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Morgan
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Who criticised the WHO report, saying could have been due to poor institutional care and ill health rather than maternal deprivation?
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Rutter
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Who found that children who had been in institutions and then adopted were fine by age 8, doing better than those returned to parents?
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Tizard, 1977
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Who said about the early learning theory, and that infants are positively reinforced by their mothers through feeding?
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Dollard and Miller, 1950
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Who said infants also become attached to those who mistreat them?
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Schaffer
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Who said about imprinting?
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Lorentz, 1935
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Who said about the homeostatic system?
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Bowlby
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Who came up with the strange situation?
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Ainsworth, 1971
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Who did the strange situation and found a 4th category?
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Main and Solomon, 1986
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Who found that infant's neurological status links with attachment type?
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Waters et al, 1980
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Who found that mothers who were more emotional during pregnancy had B attachments?
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Fonagy, 1996
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Who found B attachments continued over the 2nd year?
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Waters et al, 1979
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Who found B predicts good social relationships in playgroup?
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Sroufe, 1983
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Who found that 12 month attachments predicted closeness at 6 years?
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Main, 1987
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Who found 60% agreement with adult attachment?
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Waters, 1995
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Who found that D children have more severe problems at age 5?
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Carlson, 1998
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Who found there was an irregular chromosome in D babies?
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Lakatos, 2000
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Who found that the temperment and the inner working model, or attachment type, didnt match up?
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Belsky et al, 1984
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Who suggests tthat children have temperaments that provide challenges to the parents, and how they respond determines the attachment type?
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Belsky and Rovine, 1987
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Who said that when infants' mothers leave them, they firstly protest, then despair, then displacement occurs
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Bowlby, 1973
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Who studied children in friendly and intellectually stimulating London orphanages?
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Tizard and Reesm 1974,
1975 |
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Who studied children in Greek orphanages?
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Dontas et al, 1985
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Who said that the father just provided support for the mother?
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Bowlby
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who found that in the strange situation with mothers and fathers, 50% were attached to both parents, and 30% were attached to either parent
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Main and Weston, 1981
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Who said boys had more problems when the father was absence because the mother couldn't be a role model for them?
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Hetherington, 1982
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Who found that in the infant's second year the father uses more boistorous play?
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Parke, 2004
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Who found that the type of activity affected the type of play, not the sex of the parent or infant?
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Lewis and Gregory, 1987
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Who found that the father's language was more demanding?
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Gleason, 1974
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Who found that father's are affected more from being under observation than mothers?
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Russel et al, 1982
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Who found that IQ scores suffered if the father was absent, but only if the income was poor?
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Crockett, Hawkins and Eggebeen, 1993
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Who found that late teen development is affected by father-child play at age 3?
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Grossman et al, 2002
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Who found that the amount of father-child play predicts current and later success in peer interaction. Perhaps it teaches the child control
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Parke et al, 2004
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Who found that parent-teenager relationship determined adult psychological functioning?
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Flouri and Buchanan, 2004
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