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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many bones does the skeleton have |
How many bones does the skeleton have 206 |
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What is the skeleton |
What is the skeleton the internal framework of the body made up of 206 bones |
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what are bones |
what are bones they are a hard whitish living tissue that makes up the skeleton. they are lightweight but strong |
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name 4 functions of the skeleton |
name 4 functions of the skeleton -shape and support -muscle attachment and movement -protection of vital organs -blood production |
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Functions of the skeleton - Support |
Functions of the skeleton Support -Provides the body with shape and a framework from which internal organs are suspended |
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Functions of the skeleton- Blood Production |
Functions of the skeleton- Blood Production -Blood cells are made in the bone marrow, in the bones of the pelvic girdle, femurs, ribs, sternum and vertebrae |
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Functions of the skeleton- Protection |
Functions of the skeleton- Protection -the ribcage and sternum protect the internal organs e.g, heart, lungs* the cranium protects the brain, ears, eyes* the vertebrae protect the spinal cord |
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Functions of the skeleton- Movement |
Functions of the skeleton- Movement -Bones are linked at joints and muscles are attached to bones to make joints move. |
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Cambridge igcse PE
The skeletal and its funtions |
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3 Types of Joint |
3 Types of Joint -Fixed -Slightly moveable -Freely moveable |
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Types of Joint - Fixed Joint |
Types of Joint - Fixed Joint -also called fibrous, synarthrotic -the joints allow NO movement -there is NO joint cavity -these joints are connected by fibrous connective tissue -found in the skull, sacrum, coccyx, sternum |
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Types of Joint - Slightly Moveable Joint |
Types of Joint - Slightly Moveable Joint -also called cartilaginous or amphiarthrotic -tightly connected by cartilage -they allow limited movement -there is NO joint cavity -found in the vertebral column |
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Types of Joint - Freely Moveable Joint |
Types of Joint - Freely Moveable Joint -also called synovial or diarthrotic -have a cavity containing synovial fluid -surrounded by fibrous capsule -allow a wide range of movement -many types of this joint - e.g. hinge/ball and socket, often found in limbs |
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Types of joints (3) |
Types of joints Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial |
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Synovial joints |
Synovial joints Joint capsule between articulate bones, containing synovial fluid; extensive movement |
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Hinge |
Hinge Synovial joint: Concave surface of one bone articulates with a depression of another; bending motion in one plane; e.g. elbow, joints of digits |
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zero position |
zero position standard anatomical position, joint movement described as deviating from zero position or returning to it |
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flexion |
flexion movement that decreases joint angle, usually in sagittal plane, common at hinge points, flexion in ball-socket joints is usually to raise limb in front of you (usually in sagittal plane) |
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extension |
extension movement that straightens a joint and generally returns a body part to zero position, in stair climbing, both hip and knee extend when lifting body to next step |
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abduction |
abduction movement of a body part in the frontal plane away from the midline of the body, moving feet apart to stand spread-legged or raising arms to side |
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adduction |
adduction movement in the frontal plane back toward midline |
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circumduction |
circumduction one end of an appendage makes circular movements while the other remains stationary, comes from a sequence of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction movements towards, away, away and towards, ex artists draws a circle |
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rotation |
rotation movement in which a bone spins on its longitudinal axis, rotation of trunk, thigh, head, or arm, ex. if elbow is bent and forearm moves side to side, the humerus is being rotated |
