The Senses Ch18 Exam 3

Front 1

Based on the modality of stimulus, what
receptor type detects specific molecules
(e.g. pH)?

Back 1

 Chemoreceptors

Front 2

Based on the modality of stimulus, what
receptor type detects changes in
temperature?

Back 2

 Thermoreceptors

Front 3

Based on the modality of stimulus, what
receptor type detects light?

Back 3

Photoreceptors

Front 4

Based on the modality of stimulus, what
receptor type detects physical changes (e.g.
compression or stretch) of its plasma
membrane?

Back 4

 Mechanoreceptors

Front 5

Name the 3 classes of mechanoreceptor
associated with the following stimuli.

Back 5

 Touch/pressure – Tactile receptors
 Pressure – Baroreceptors
 Limb position – Proprioceptors

Front 6

Based on the modality of stimulus, what
receptor type detects chemicals from
damaged cells (interpreted as pain)?

Back 6

 Nociceptors

Front 7

What type of pain involves the perception
of pain in an amputated or excised part of
the body?

Back 7

Phantom pain

Front 8

What is the explanation for this type of
pain? phantom pain

Back 8

Nerve bodies of the sensory neurons from that
limb remain alive and propagate impulses to
the CNS

Front 9

What type of pain occurs when pain from
viscera is experienced originating in
dermatomes within the skin rather than in
the viscera itself?

Back 9

Referred pain

Front 10

What is the (probable) explanation for this
type of pain? Referred pain

Back 10

Neurons from the same spinal segment
innervate both the damaged organ and the
cutaneous region where pain is felt.

Front 11

What is the technical term for the sense of
taste?

Back 11

Gustation

Front 12

What cranial nerves carry sensations of taste
to the brain?

Back 12

 Facial (VII)
 Glossopharyngeal (IX)

Front 13

What is the technical term for the sense of
smell?

Back 13

Olfaction

Front 14

What cranial nerve carries impulses from
olfactory receptors to the brain?

Back 14

Olfactory (I)

Front 15

What stratified squamous epithelium coverd
mucous membrane forms a lining over the
eye (other than the cornea) and the inside of
the eyelids and helps to lubricate the eye?

Back 15

Conjunctiva

Front 16

What gland, located superolateral to the eye,
produces tears?

Back 16

Lacrimal Gland

Front 17

What openings drain tears from the eye into
small canals leading medially?

Back 17

Lacrimal puncta

Front 18

What canal drains tears into the nose?

Back 18

Nasolacrimal duct/canal

Front 19

The eye consists of 3 layers or tunics. Name
them.

Back 19

 Superficial – Fibrous tunic
 Middle – Vascular tunic
 Deep – Neural tunic

Front 20

What is the avascular, transparent anterior
portion of the fibrous tunic?

Back 20

Cornea

Front 21

What is the technical term for the white of
the eye (dense fibrous connective tissue)?

Back 21

 Sclera

Front 22

What region of the vascular tunic is found
in the posterior aspect of the eye and houses
a vast network of capillaries to supply the
retina?

Back 22

Choroid

Front 23

What is the thickened portion of the
vascular tunic near the lens that contains a
muscular ring and secretes aqueous humor?

Back 23

Ciliary body

Front 24

What portion of the vascular tunic, the most
anterior, is pigmented adjustable ring that
determines the amount of light passing into
the eye?

Back 24

Iris

Front 25

What do we call the hole in this muscular
ring?

Back 25

Pupil

Front 26

What layer of the eye, also referred to as the
neural tunic, contains photoreceptors?

Back 26

Retina

Front 27

What is the technical term of the posterior
portion of the eye where neurons of the
optic nerve form a round structure often
referred to as the blinds spot because of its
lack of photoreceptors?

Back 27

Optic disc

Front 28

What round, pigmented area, containing a
high density of cones (no rods), is located
lateral to the blind spot on the posterior wall
of the eye?

Back 28

Macula lutea

Front 29

What location within the area provides our
sharpest vision?

Back 29

Fovea centralis

Front 30

What strong, deformable and elastic,
transparent, bi-concave disc is located
posterior to the iris?

Back 30

Lens

Front 31

What structures attach the lens (via the lens
capsule) to the muscles that change its
shape?

Back 31

Suspensory ligaments

Front 32

What are the names of the muscles
responsible for changing the shape of the
lens?

Back 32

Ciliary muscles

Front 33

Describe the status of the ciliary muscles
and the lens when viewing things up close
and at a distance.

Back 33

Close – Ciliary muscle contracted, lens biconvex
 Fatigue
Distance – Ciliary muscle relaxed, lens flat

Front 34

The lens divides the eye into two spaces.
Name each and name the material that fills
each space.

Back 34

Posterior Cavity – Vitreous humor (body)
Anterior Cavity – aqueous humor

Front 35

What is the name of the structure, found
anterior to the pituitary, formed by the
convergence of some of the tracts of the
optic nerve?

Back 35

 Optic chiasm (chiasma)

Front 36

What are the 3 anatomical regions of the
ear?

Back 36

External, Middle, and Internal

Front 37

What do we call the skin covered flap of
elastic cartilage that forms the projecting
portion of the external ear?

Back 37

 Pinna
 Auricle

Front 38

What is the technical term for the funnelshaped
epithelial tissue sheet that separates
the external auditory canal from the middle
ear cavity?

Back 38

Tympanum

Front 39

What structure connects the middle ear
cavity with the nasopharynx, allowing use
to equalize the pressure of the middle ear
with the external pressure?

Back 39

Auditory tube

Front 40

List the auditory ossicles from lateral to
medial?

Back 40

Malleus, Incus, Stapes

Front 41

What structures are the malleus and stapes
attached to?

Back 41

 Malleus – Tympanum
 Stapes – Oval Window

Front 42

What do we call the bony space holding the
inner ear, and the fluid filled tubes that sit in
them?

Back 42

 Bony labyrinth
 Membranous labyrinth

Front 43

What is the name of the snail-shaped
portion of the inner ear that is responsible
for hearing?

Back 43

Cochlea

Front 44

What do we call the half-circle shaped
structures of the ear responsible for
rotational equilibrium?

Back 44

Semicircular canals

Front 45

What do we call the middle portion of the
inner ear responsible for gravitational
equilibrium?

Back 45

Vestibule