The Scientific Revolution

Front 1

Ptolemy

Back 1

- Created Geocentric System (Earth-centered)

- Inaccurate & had Roman Calendar off

Front 2

Aristotle

Back 2

Made books that Church used as the make up of the universe

Front 3

Copernicus

Back 3

- Idea of heliocentric universe. (sun-centered)

- He never had proof, but later found mathematical proof.
- Published "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres"

- Scholars rejected his theory bc it went against Ptolemy

Front 4

Brahe

Back 4

- Provided evidence that supported Copernicus theory

- Created an astronomical observatory

- Collected daily data of stars & planets (sky)

Front 5

Kepler

Back 5

- Used Brahe's data to calculate orbits to support Copernicus.

- Calculations showed planets move in oval shape not perfect circles

Front 6

Galileo

Back 6

- Built upon Copernicus & Kepler

- Assembled the telescope that allowed him to see moons orbit Jupiter & fiery spots on the sun

- Discover caused an uproar bc he contradicted Ptolemy

Front 7

Bacon

Back 7

- Published Advancements of Learning

- Popularized the Scientific Method used with philosophy & knowledge

- He believed that the truth cannot be known at the beginning of a question only at the end after investgation

Front 8

Descartes

Back 8

- Emphasize reasoning as best road to understanding

- Follow Bacon's interest he believed the truth was only found after process of studying & investigation.

Front 9

Newton

Back 9

- Used math (calculus) to prove existence of gravity

- Published "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy"

- Discover law of light & formulate laws of motion

>Body at rest stays at rest

>Acceleration is caused by force

>Every action has an equal opposite reaction

Front 10

Versalius

Back 10

-In 1543 Published "On Structure of the Human Body", which is an accurate, detailed book on human anatomy

Front 11

Harvey

Back 11

- Describe the circulation of blood & showed how the heart serves as a pump to force blood through veins & arteries

Front 12

Boyle

Back 12

- Distinguished b/t elements & chemical compounds & explained the effect of temperature and pressure on gases

Front 13

Pare

Back 13

- Developed a new effective ointment to prevent infection

- Developed a technique for closing wounds & stitches

Front 14

Leeuwenhoek

Back 14

- Perfected the microscope & 1st to see cells & microorganisms

Front 15

Maraget Cavendish

Back 15

- Help popularize Scientific Method

- Natural Philosophy

- Argue that theology is outside parameters of scientific inquiry

Front 16

Maria Winkelmann

Back 16

- 1st famous astronomer due to writings on conjunction of the sun with Saturn, Jupiter, and Venus in 1709

- Discovered a comet

Front 17

The Scientific Method

Back 17

- Confirmed findings to prove or disprove a hypothesis

- Did not rely on classical teachings/ Church

- Scientists discover nature predicted by math

Front 18

Steppssss......

Back 18

- State the problem

- Collect Information

- Form hypothesis

- Test hypothesis

- Record & Analyze Data

- State Conclusion

- Repeats steps

Front 19

Church Teachings

Back 19

- Church was the main authority

- Taught teachings of Ptolemy & Aristotle

- Earth was fixing & unmoving

Front 20

Church's Reaction to Scientific Revolution

Back 20

- Excommunicated Galilee & put him on house arrest for the rest of his life.

- Made other scientists recant to their works

Front 21

Inductive Reasoning

Back 21

Logical process in which premises, believe / found true, are combined for a specific conclusion

Front 22

Rationalism

Back 22

Belief or theory that opinions & actions based on reason & knowledge rather than religious beliefs.