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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Protestant |
- Non-Catholic Western Christian groups - Name given to followers like Luther |
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95 Theses |
- Written by Martin Luther - Were against the sale of indulgences - Posted in the door of a church |
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Indulgences |
- Selling of forgiveness of sins - Used to earn money for the Catholic Church - Led to Reformation |
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Anabaptists |
- Baptism of adult believers - Also known as "Rebaptizers" - Early Christians practiced becoming anabaptists |
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Martin Luther |
- German university professor and priest - Wrote the 95 Theses - Believed salvation comes from faith alone - Called to reform the Catholic Church - Denied papal power and absolutist rule |
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Ulrich Zwingli |
- Swiss reformer - Influenced by Christian Humanism - Killed in civil war - An admirer of Erasmus's New Testament |
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John Calvin
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- French humanist - Wrote theological writings that influenced the religious thoughts of Europeans - Wrote "Institutes of Christian Religion" |
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Charles V |
- Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire - Disagreed on the Peace of Augsburg - Eventually agrees - Believed he was fighting for unity and also religion |
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Henry VIII |
- King of England - Had the desire to annul his marriage led to a conflict with the Pope - Established the Church of England in 1532 |
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Lutheranism |
- Created by Martin Luther - Believes humans are saved from their sins by God's grace alone |
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Calvinism |
- Founded by John Calvin - Emphasizes a belief in predestination |
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Catholicism |
- faith, practice, and church order of the Roman Catholic Church |
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Council of Trent |
- Called by Pope Paul III - Reaffirmed most all Catholic doctrines |
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Clergy |
- An ordained Christian person for religious duties |
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Christian Humanism |
- Emphasizes humanity of Jesus - Social teachings and tendency to synthesize human spirituality and materialism |
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Peace of Augsburg
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- The treaty between Charles V and German princes that granted legal recognition of Lutheranism |
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Act of Supremacy |
- Declared King Henry VIII to become the supreme head of the Church of England |
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Johannes Gutenberg |
- German inventor and printer - Invented movable type |
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Witchcraft |
- Assumed for making pacts with the Devil - Were women - People believed they are weak and linked to the Devil - Were charged with warning and penance instead of having an execution |
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Habsburg-Valois Wars |
- Series of wars between French kings and Charles V |
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Concordat of Bologna |
- Occurred in 1516 - Treaty under the supremacy of the Pope over the council - Obtained the right to all French bishops and abbots |
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Reformation |
- The religious movement of the 16th century that attempts to reform the Catholic Church - Results the creation of Protestant churches |
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Printing Press |
- Invented by Johannes Gutenberg - Increased literacy levels - Helped spread Luther's religious beliefs |
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Anti-clericalism |
- Clerical ignorance - Clerical pluralism - Clerical immortality - The opposition of the clergy |
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Huguenots |
- French Calvinists |
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Theocracy |
- Community in which the state is secondary to the church |
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Predestination |
- The idea of God deciding whether a person would or would not be saved as soon as they're born |
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Jesuits |
- Member of the Society of Jesus - Roman Catholic order of priests |
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. Ursulines |
- Catholic female order founded in 1535 - Establishes convents in France and Italy for the religious education of all girls |
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St. Ignatius of Loyola |
- Founded by Jesuit Order in 1534 - Converts people to Catholicism - Went to the New World to preach |
