The Protestant Reformation

Front 1

In western Europe in the year 1500, there was only one Christian church

Back 1

The Roman Catholic Church

Front 2

In the decades following 1500, the Protestant Reformation movement split western Christianity into multiple groups.

Back 2

The pope was no longer the single religious authority in western Europe.

Front 3

The Reformation was a reflection of the way Europe was changing in the 16th century

Back 3

Renaissance humanism, especially in the north, led people to question religious practices, such as the power of relics or the value of living life as a monk/nun.

Front 4

The printing press produced huge numbers of Bibles

Back 4

The Church no longer had exclusive control over scripture.

Front 5

The Church faced significant problems on the eve of the Reformation, the 14th century was a disaster for the Church

Back 5

The Black Death struck Europe, ultimately killing 1/3rd of the population and pushing people to question the power of the Church.

Front 6

Anticlericalism

Back 6

a measure of disrespect toward the clergy.

Front 7

Pietism

Back 7

the idea of a direct relationship between the individual and God, reducing the importance of the Church.

Front 8

Pope Clement V moved the seat of power from Rome to

Back 8

Avignon in France (6 more popes kept it there).

Front 9

The Avignon Papacy ended with a return to Rome, but it sparked the..

Back 9

Western Schism where 3 popes claimed leadership over the Catholic Church.

Front 10

The Catholic clergy had serious issues as well

Back 10

Lower priests were poorly educated.

Front 11

Simony

Back 11

selling Church positions to the highest bidder.

Front 12

In England, John Wycliffe questioned:

Back 12

The worldly wealth of the Church.

The miracle of transubstantiation.

The teachings of penance.

The sale of indulgences.

Front 13

Martin Luther was a Catholic monk who was

Back 13

troubled by the sale of indulgences.