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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Light emitted by the sun reveals?
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surface temperature and absorption lines which allow us to determine it's composition
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Outer parts of the sun contain?
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2/3 Hydrogen, 1/3 Helium and a few percent everything else
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How to determine the mass of the sun?
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Gravitational influence it has on the earth and other planets
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How to determine the sun's true size?
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HOW FAR AWAY IS IT, the distance, using a radar
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Knowing the sun's size and mass, what can we say about it's density?
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LESS DENSE than Earth
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What does the movement of the sunspots reveal?
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Sun rotates differentially at the surface, therefore it is not solid in the outer parts
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Fossil records tell us that Earth had liquid water oceans for billions of years therefore..
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The sun's temperature and brightness has not changed drastically yet!
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Enormous mass of the sun means that
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self-gravity
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What can withstand the huge pull of gravity?
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NO GIRDERS, MOLECULAR BONDS OR INTERAL CRYSTALINE STRUCTURE
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How does the high temperatures effect the deep interior of the sun?
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all elements are fully ionized, all electrons are stripped off, therefore the interior of the sun acts as PERFECT GAS
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Fossil fuels
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converting raw materials to plant structure
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Hydro-electric power depends on
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solar heating evaporates water, eventually falls onto high land, rushes down to sea, and turns turbines
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Great ocean currents
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arise based on differences of temperature in various parts of the oceans
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Nuclear power plants, how is the energy released?
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-radioactive elements used to heart water to steam
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Mass of the sun..
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some parts of the sun produce lots of energy and some produce none
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How much energy does the sun contain?
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LOTS but only a tiny fraction of energy leaks out
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Density of the sun?
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1.4 times that of water (outer)
150 times as dense as water (inner) |
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Rotation speed of the sun
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we can measure directly
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Movement of sunspots
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differential rotation
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differential rotation:
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movement with different angular velocities
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Structure of the sun in the outer parts?
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NO SOLID
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Hydrostatic equilibrium
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fluid body which is not changing in size and shape as time passes
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Equilibrium configurations means for the sun..
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it must be terrifically hot inside, SO HOT that random motions of particles provides sustaining pressure which counter the pull of gravity
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Internal temperature of the sun
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independent of the material of the sun is made of
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Sources of the energy within the sun
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the only thing that can maintain the massive sun against rapid inward collapse under its own gravity is the HEAT within it
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What happens to the atoms within the core of the sun?
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atoms are moving so rapidly, that collisions between them inevitably knock off all the orbiting elections around the atomic nuclei
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What gas law does the sun follow?
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PERFECT (or ideal) GAS LAW
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