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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does philosophy mean? |
Philosophy in greek translates to "the love of wisdom." Philosohy is the love and pursuit of wisdom. |
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Who were the first recorded philosophers? |
Pythagoras(c. 570-495 b.c.) who is known for the mathematical formula of his name. When asked if h was wise he replied no one could be wise but a god but he loved wisdom. Another pholospher, Socrates claimed a philosopher should have a passion for wisdom and be intoxicated for this love. |
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Is philosophy all about being cold and analytical like a walking talking computer? |
No. The cognitive and emotional are combined in philosophy. After all we don't deliberate issues in life that are trivial such as picking up a newspaper. Only topics that are mot important to us do we use rational reflection. |
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What lesson did Danish philosopher one of Søren Kierkengaard's character give us about reflection. |
The depicted character was sitting in a cafe despairing over the fact that many of his peers served humanity and achieved fame by making life easier. Realizing he is not capable of making anything easier for mankind he will "create difficulties everywhere" |
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What four definitions does the book define philosophy?
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(pg7)
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What are six areas philosophers study?
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1. Logic
2. Metaphysics 3. Epistemology 4. Philosophy of Religion 5. Ethics 6. Political Philosophy (pg8-9) |
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What were Socrates and Plato's three teachings?
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1. A Good Person Cannot Be Harmed by others.
2. The unexamined life is not worth living. 3. Know thyself (pg30-45) |
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According to Plato's allegory of a cave what is the nature of reality?
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The prisoners spent their lives gazing at shadows. Those that escaped and saw the reality full of colors and depth outside the cave would be considered fools. Much like Socrates and Plato. His story also introduces the problem of appearances and reality. The prisoners are convinced the shadows are reality yet escapees know the shadows are merely a lower level of reality.
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What are the six common forms of evaluating philosophical claims and theories?
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1. Clarity
2. Consistency 3. Coherence 4. Comprehensiveness 5. Compatability 6. Compelling Arguments (pg 37-40) |
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What is logic?
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the study of methods for evaluating arguments and reasoning. (pg 42)
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What are seven types of arguements?
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1. deductive arguements
2. inductive arguements 3. valid arguements 4. invalid arguements 5. sound arguements 6. strong arguements 7. cogent arguements (pg 42) |
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Describe inference to the best explanation.
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Read 1-4 (pg 43)
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