The Philippine Revolution: Part 1

Front 1

Gomburza

Back 1

A reform committee that used education to fight against the church

Front 2

Names of 3 Filipino Priests for Gomburza

Back 2

Mariano GOMez
Jose BURgos
Jacinto ZAmora

Front 3

La Verdad

Back 3

Newspaper used to expose truths w/in Spanish govt/church.
Liberal articles about conditions of country were published to make people become aware of injustices.

Front 4

Filibusteros

Back 4

Name that Spanish called someone who is suspected of rebellion/sedition (acts against colonizing govt)

Front 5

Spanish found out about La Verdad and accused for _____________. Fight broke out and _____ were blamed.

Back 5

Revolution, priests

Front 6

Priests were arrested and sentenced to death for ________ ________.

Back 6

inciting revolution

Front 7

Propaganda Movement

Back 7

Formed by educated Filipinos who had lived and studied in Europe. Saw how Europe had a freer atmosphere compared to the PI which awoke the need to help the country reform.

Front 8

Goals of Propaganda Movement

Back 8

- Recognition of the Philippines as a province of Spain
- Representation of the Philippines in the Cortes (Spanish Parliament)
- Secularization of the clergy (power back to native Filipino religious leaders)
- Legalization of Spanish/Filipino equality
- Creation of a public school system that was independent of friars
- Guarantee of basic freedoms of speech
- Equal opportunity for Filipinos and Spanish to enter govt service

Front 9

La Solidaridad

Back 9

Meaning solidarity; newspaper of the Propaganda Movement

Front 10

La Solidaridad circulated both in ____ and _____.

Back 10

Spain, Philippines

Front 11

La Solidaridad was started by __________.

Back 11

Graciano Lopez Jaena

Front 12

Editor of La Solidaridad was _________.

Back 12

Marcelo del Pilar

Front 13

Most prominent member of Propaganda Movement

Back 13

Jose Rizal

Front 14

Rizal was an Ilustrado, meaning:

Back 14

Highly educated Filipino; was able to study abroad in Philippines and in Spain

Front 15

Rizal mastered many different ______ and ________

Back 15

languages, professions

Front 16

Rizal's 2 famous novels written in Spain

Back 16

Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not)
Le Filibuserismo

Front 17

His novels were ________but many people ________ them into the Philippines to fuel revolution.

Back 17

banned, smuggled

Front 18

His _______and ______became the catalyst for the Philippine revolution.

Back 18

writings, actions

Front 19

La Liga Filipina was founded by ________ in _______.

Back 19

Jose Rizal, 1892

Front 20

La Liga Filipina was a ___________ national organization for _______ ______.

Back 20

nonviolent, peaceful reform.

Front 21

La Liga Filipina aims were:

Back 21

- Unite the whole country
- Protect and assist all members
- Fight violence and injustice
- Support education
- Study/implement reforms

Front 22

When La Liga Filipina was discovered by the _______, Rizal was arrested for _______ ____ and exiled to _________,________.

Back 22

Spanish; revolutionary agitation; Dapitan, Mindanao.

Front 23

Rizal was convicted of __________, __________, __________________.

Back 23

rebellion, sedition, forming illegal associations

Front 24

Rizal was executed by a _________ ______ in ________ on ______, _____.

Back 24

firing squad; Manila; Dec 30, 1896

Front 25

Why did the Propaganda Movement and La Liga suffer after Rizal's death?

Back 25

- Lack of leadership without Rizal
- Lack of funds to support them
- Split within the movement: Ilustrados wanted peaceful reform, lower/middle classes wanted a revolution to become independent

Front 26

Andres Bonifacio

Back 26

Came from a poor family and never completed traditional education since he became self-educated

Front 27

Bonifacio was an admirer of ______ and a member of ____________.

Back 27

Rizal, La Liga Filipina

Front 28

Bonifacio wrote a manifesto called ____________________: "____________________"

Back 28

Ang Dapat Mabatid ng Mga Tagalog: "What the Tagalogs Should Know"

Front 29

What was the manifesto about?

Back 29

It said that pre-colonial Philippines was one of prosperity until the Spaniards seduced the natives into becoming allies. The Philippines was better off before the Spanish came and they should go back.

Front 30

According to Bonifacio, what was the people's duty?

Back 30

To redeem the country in order to bring forth independence and back to the age of prosperity - "Return to Golden Age"

Front 31

KKK

Back 31

Kataas taasang Kagalang galangang Katipunan ng mga anak ng bayan
"The Highest and Most Venerable Association of the Sons and Daughters of the Nation"

Front 32

KKK was founded by __________ on the night of __________.

Back 32

Andres Bonifacio; Rizal's arrest

Front 33

KKK was founded on ______,______ in _______.

Back 33

July 7, 1892 in Manila

Front 34

The co-founders of the KKK were:

Back 34

- Valentin Diaz
- Theodoro Plata
- Ladislao Diwa
- Deodato Arellano

Front 35

The Fundamental Objectives of the KKK were:

Back 35

- Political: gain independence from Spain
- Moral: teach good manners, cleanliness, hygiene, fine morals and guard
- Civic: to encourage principle of self help and to defend poor/oppressed

Front 36

Organization grew through ________ Method of _________

Back 36

Triangular; Recruitment

Front 37

Process of Triangular Method of Recruitment

Back 37

- Everyone needed to recruit 2 other people (that they didn't know) to protect organization and in case authorities asked about them.
- Asked 3 questions: How do you see the Philippines in the past? in the present? in the future?
- If answers were ideal to the organization, then they were qualified to be a member

Front 38

Initiated new members of the KKK by

Back 38

signing a blood oath in their own blood to signify they would die for their own country (because they were of the same blood)

Front 39

Three Levels of Katipueros (Highest to lowest)

Back 39

- Bayani (high officers)
- Katipon
- Kawal

Front 40

How did you move up in ranks in the KKK?

Back 40

By recruiting more members through the Triangular Method

Front 41

Katipuneras

Back 41

Womyn of the KKK; had to be either a daughter, sister, or wife of a Katipunero
- Helped by passing messages, hiding weapons, keeping watch, and putting on distractions during the meetings (big part in keeping secrecy)

Front 42

Kalayaan

Back 42

Meaning "Freedom"; Newsletter distributed through the Philippines

Front 43

Kalayaan was used:

Back 43

- as a way to spread revolutionary ideals
- inspire masses to join revolutionary efforts
- told what the people can do to help their country

Front 44

Editor of Kalayaan

Back 44

Emilio Jacinto aka "The Brains of Katipunan"
- Pen Name "Dima sa Ilaw"
- highly educated (spoke Spanish and Tagalog)

Front 45

The Kalayaan actually led to the ______ of the KKK. Why?

Back 45

demise
Secret leaked out by a member who worked at the printing press for Kalayaan and word got out to Spanish officials (see later cultural notes)

Front 46

Factions of KKK were created because

Back 46

Bonifacio not seen as educated/fit to be a leader so there was a split with Aguinaldo as another leader

Front 47

The Factions of the KKK were:

Back 47

- Magdiwang: led by Bonifacio, the uneducated, more okay with violent tactics/warfare
- Magdalo: led by Emilio Aguinaldo, more concerned with creating new revolutionary government

Front 48

Bonifacio became:

Back 48

First President