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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In what 3 different types of molecules can the -OH group occur?
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1. Alcohols
2. Phenols 3. Carboxylic acids |
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Alcohol
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Carboxylic Acid
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Phenol
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What is the test for a phenol?
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When neutral iron (III) chloride solution is added to a phenol or its derivatives, a purple complex is formed.
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Why are alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids classed as weak acids?
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In aqueous solution, they produce oxonium ions. (H3O+)
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What is the order of acidic strength of water, alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids?
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Alcohol → Water → Phenol → Carboxylic acid
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What determines the acidic strength of alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids?
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The strength of these compounds as acids can be explained by comparing the stability of the anion (R-O-).
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Explain the relative acidic strengths of alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids
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The phenoxide ion C6H5OH(-) and carboxylate ion RCOO(-) are more stable than the hydroxide OH(-) and the ethoxide CH3CH2O(-) ions because the negative charge on the ion can be delocalised across several atoms. The equilibrium lies further to tthe right, so there is a higher concentration of H+ ions.
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Reactions of alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids with sodium hydroxide.
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•Alcohol-No reaction
•Phenol- Reacts to form a salt & water •Carboxylic acid- Reacts to form a salt & water |
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Reactions of alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids with sodium carbonate & other carbonates
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•Alcohol-No reaction
•Phenol- No reaction •Carboxylic acid- Reacts to form a salt, water & CO2. Fizzes as CO2 is given off |
