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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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The six rights of Medical Administration |
DRUG DOSE TIME ROUTE PATIENT DOCUMENTATION |
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DRUG |
A chemical that influences the way a cell functions |
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PHARMACOLOGY |
Study or science of drugs |
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DRUG NAMES |
Chemical name Generic name Trade name |
The different types of drug names |
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Generic Name |
DRUG NAME: Name given by the United States Adopted Name Council |
Not authentic |
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Trade Name |
DRUG NAME: the drug name has a registered trade mark; use of the name is rejected by the drug's patient owner |
Usually the manufacturer |
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Pharmaologic Principles |
Pharmaceutics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Pharmacotheraputics Pharmacognosy |
The five P's |
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Pharmaceutics |
The study of how various drug forms influence the way a drug effects the body and vice versa |
Pharmalogic Principles: 1 of The 5 P's |
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Pharmacokinetics |
PHARMACOLOGIC PRINCIPLE: The study of how the body effects the drug. (ADME) |
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Pharmacodynamics |
The study of the effects of the dug on the body. > Mechanism of drug in the living tissues |
Pharmacologic Principle |
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Pharmacotheraputics |
The usage of drugs and its main use to prevent and treat diseases. |
PHARMACOLOGIC PRINCIPLE
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Pharmacognosy |
The study of natural drugs derived from plants and animals |
PHARMACOLOGIC PRINCIPLE
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Capsules |
Slowest drug absorption of oral prepartions |
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Coated Tablets |
Second slowest drug to be absobed via oral preparations |
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Pharmicokenetics: Absorption |
Timing at which a drug leaves its site where given and point to which absorption occurs: >Bioavailability >Bioequivalency |
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Factors That Affect Absorption: Meaning |
Vary according to dosage, form and route |
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Factors that Affect Absorption: List |
>Foods or fluids administered >Dosage formulation >Status of the absorptive surface >Rate of blood flow to the small intestine > Acidity of the stomach >Status of GI motility |
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ROUTES: List |
> Enteral (GI tract) > Parenteral > Topical |
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External Route: List routes |
> Oral > Sublingual > Buccal > Rectal |
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First Pass Effect: Meaning |
Drug is metabolized and passing from the liver to the circulation. |
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First Pass Effect: oral route |
> A drug given via oral route may be extensively metabolized by the liver before reaching the systemic circulation (High first-pass effect) |
High First-Pass Effect (slowest for drug to reach circulation) |
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First Pass Effect: Based on route (quickest for drug to reach circulation) |
The same drug - given IV - bypasses the liver, preventing the first-pass effect from taking place, and more drug reaches the circulation |
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Paternal Route: Forms |
> Intravanous (fastest delivery into the blood circulation) > Intramuscular > Subcutaneous > Intradermal > Intraarterial > Intrathecal > Intraarticular |
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Topical Route: Forms |
> Skin (including transdermal patches) > Eyes > Ears > Nose > Lungs (Inhalation > Rectum > Vagina |
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Distribution: Meaning |
The transport of a drug via bloodstream to its site of action. |
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Distribution: Forms |
> Protein Binding > Water soluble vs. fat soluble > Blood-brain barrier > Areas of rapid distribution: Heart - Liver - Kidneys - Brain > Areas of slow distribution: Muscle - Skin - Fat |
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Metabolism / Biotransformation: Meaning |
Biologic transformation of a drug into something else |
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Metabolism / Biotransformation: Forms |
> An inactive metabolism > A more soluble compound > A more potent metabolite |
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Metabilism / Biotransfrmation: Factors that decrease metabolism |
> Cardiovascular dysfunction > Renal insufficiency > Starvation > Obstructive Jaundice > Slow acetylator > Erythromycin or ketoconazole drug therapy |
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Metabolism/Biotransformation: Factors that increase metabolism |
> Fast acetylator > Barbiturate therapy > Rifampin therapy |
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Metabolism/Biotransformation: Delaying drug metabolism causes |
> Accumulation of drugs > Prolonged action of the drugs > drug toxicity |
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Metabolism/Biotransformation: Stimulating metabolism causes |
Diminished pharmacologic effects |
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Excretion: Meaning |
The elimination of drugs from the body |
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Excretion: Forms |
> Kidneys > Liver > Bowel >> Billary excretion >> Enterohepatic recirculation |
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Half-Life: Removed from body |
> The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body. > |
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