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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Inner Membrane contains: ________ binding proteins proteins for anchorage in nuclear ________ |
Chromosome Nuclera lamina |
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What is the nuclear lamina and what does it do? |
Meshwork of protein filaments that lines inner face of inner membrane; provides structural support |
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The Outer Membrane if the Nuclear Envelope is similar to what membrane? |
ER |
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________ are holes in membrane that allow movement of molecules across envelope. |
Nuclear pores |
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The nuclear pore provides ________ traffic. ________ & ________ goes out ________ goes in |
bi-directional RNA and proteins out proteins in |
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The nuclear pore is made of about ________ different proteins |
30 |
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Has H2O filled passages that can pass ________ |
small H2O soluble proteins |
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Many protein linings have ________ regions that act as filters for ________ |
extensive, unstructured regions; large molecules |
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DNA is a double helix composed of 2 ________ |
polynucleotide chains |
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Nucleotides are composed of: ________ ________ ________ which make the backbone of DNA. |
deoxyribose sugar phosphate group Nitrogenous base |
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Bases are split into what two groups? |
Purines & Pyramidines |
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Purines consist of ________ and ________ bases Pyramidines consist of ________ and ________ bases BUT the ones that pair together are ________ and ________ |
A & G T & C A&T G&C |
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3' end has a free ________ 5' end has a free ________ |
-OH P group |
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________ are orderly packages of DNA |
Chromosomes |
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Humans have ________ chromosomes ________ sex chromosomes |
23 22 1 |
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DNA and chromosomes condense during ________ and ________ |
mitosis and meiosis |
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Proteins bind DNA to condense structure via ________ and ________ |
histones and nonhistones |
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DNA and proteins together are called what? |
Chromatin |
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In the nucleosome level of chromosome packaging: 8________ proteins form to spool around DNA and winds ________ |
core histone; twice |
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The 8 core histones consist 2 of each of: |
H2A, H2B, H3, H4 |
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Core histones have a ________ charge; DNA has a ________ charge |
positive negative |
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The 5 levels of Chromosome packaging are? |
1. DNA 2. Nucelosome 3. 30nm fiber 4. Folding into loops 5 Further condensation |
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What two reasons do chromosomes need to unravel for? |
Replicate DNA Transcribe genes |
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Chromatin-remodeling complexes do what? |
-Use ATP to change position of DNA nucleosomes -Push DNA along histone core to loosen DNA |
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Reversible modification of histones: Add ________, ________, ________ groups to tail of histones Little effect on ________ structure, big affects on ________ |
Acetyl, phosphate, methyl Nucleosome; 30nm fiber |
