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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two anatomical divisions of nervous system
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Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
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Functions of CNS
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processing sensory data & transmission of motor commands
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Two major neural pathways in CNS
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Sensory and Motor
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Two divisions of PNS
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Afferent & Efferent
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Function of afferent division of PNS
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sensory info detected outside of nervous system
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Function of efferent division of PNS
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sends motor commands to PNS
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What would be the effect of damage to the afferent division of PNS?
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sensory info would not be detected outside of nervous system
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What are the two smaller categories in the efferent division of the PNS?
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Somatic & Automatic
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Function of somatic
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skeletal muscle contractions operate under concious control, lower motor neurons exert direct control over effectors.
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Function of autonomic
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smooth muscle, cardiac, and glands; involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac, and glands
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How would you differentiate between neuron control between somatic & autonomic?
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SNS: lower motor neurons exert direct control over effectors
ANS: second motor neuron always separates the CNS & peripheral effector |
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Two divisions of autonomic system
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Sympathetic & Parasympathetic
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Function of Sympathetic division of autonomic system
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increase metabolism, increase alertness, prepares individuals for sudden, intense physical activity
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Function of Parasympathetic division of autonomic system
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increases secretions of digestive glands, increases smooth muscle activity in digestive tract, reduces heart rate, constricts respitory passageways
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Two types of tissue in nervous system
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neurons & neruoglia (glial cells)
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Four basic structural components of neuron
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cell body, dendrites, axon, synaptic terminals
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Three Classifications of neurons
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Multipolar, Bipolar, Unipolar
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Structure of Multipolar neurons
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2+ dendrites, 1 axon
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Structure of Bipolar
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1 dendrite, 1 axon
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Structure of Unipolar
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dendrites&axons continuous
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Four types of neuroglia of CNS
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astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells
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Three functional classifications of neurons
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sensory, motor, inter
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what effect would a chemical that blocks the voltage-gated sodium channels in a neurons plasma membrane have on the neurons ability to depolarize
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membrane proteins form ion channels --> conduct Na through plasma membrane
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What effect would decreasing the concentration of extracellular potassium have on the membrane potential of a neuron
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resting membrane becomes negative (hyperpolarized) less push for Na to enter cell. -70mV --> -94mV
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Two types of action potential propagation
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continuous & saltatory
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Explain continuous action potential propagation
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action potential spreads across membrane in small steps
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Explain saltatory action potential propagation
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action potential leaps from node to node
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What effect would blocking channels at a cholinergic synapse have on synapse function
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ACh would not be released from presynaptic terminal & transmission across synapse would cease
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two types of neural circuits
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Divergence & convergence
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