Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
The central nervous system organ that is found in the skull, controlling many bodily functions.
|
brain
|
|
|
The brain part controlling many automatic body functions, such as breathing and heart rate.
|
brainstem
|
|
|
The body's control center consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
|
central nervous system
|
|
|
The brain part that coordinates muscle actions and maintains balance.
|
cerebellum
|
|
|
A neuron that turns a stimulus into a nerve impulse
|
sensory neuron
|
|
|
The brain part that interprets sense input, controls skeletal muscle movements, and performs complex mental processes.
|
cerebrum
|
|
|
Any change in the surroundings of an organism that force an organism to react.
|
stimulus
|
|
|
A neuron-carried message.
|
nerve impulse
|
|
|
The division of the nervous system that connects the central nervous system to all body parts.
|
peripheral nervous system
|
|
|
A neuron that sends messages to muscles, making the muscles contract.
|
motor neuron
|
|
|
A neuron transporting nerve impulses between other neurons.
|
interneuron
|
|
|
A neuron's extension that carries nerve impulses to the body of a cell.
|
dendrite
|
|
|
An addictive disorder, associated with excessive consumption of alcohol.
|
alcoholism
|
|
|
Man-made chemicals that may increase the sizes of muscles and create violent mood swings.
|
anabolic steroid
|
|
|
A neuron's extension that brings impulses of nerves away from the body of a cell.
|
axon
|
|
|
The nerve group that controls actions that are involuntary.
|
autonomic nervous system
|
|
|
The nerve group controlling actions that are voluntary.
|
somatic nervous system
|
|
|
The membrane forming the separation between the middle and outer ear.
|
eardrum
|
|
|
A drug that slows the central nervous system's activity.
|
depressant
|
|
|
Drug misuse for purposes other than the appropriate medical use.
|
drug abuse
|
|
|
A collection of nerve fibers.
|
nerve
|
|
|
An automatic response that occurs without any control and is conscious.
|
reflex
|
|
|
A stimulus-produced change in behavior or action.
|
response
|
|
|
A column of nerve tissue that connects the brain to the peripheral nervous system.
|
spinal cord
|
|
|
The small space between an axon's tip, the structure next to the axon.
|
synapse
|
|
|
Nerve fibers (axons and dendrites) are bundled together in a ____________?
|
nerve impulse
|
|
|
True or False:
Depressants increase the body's ability to maintain homestatis. |
False (depressants slow down the nervous system impairing its reactions to stimuli)
|
|
|
The central nervous system consists of what two parts of the body?
|
brain and spinal cord. (nerve impulses are sent to the brain as fast as 250 miles per hour.)
|
|
|
What is NOT part of the brain?
Brain stem, spinal cord, cerebellum or cerebrum. |
spinal cord
|
|
|
True or False. Reflex responses originate in the spinal cord?
|
True
|
|
|
What are the light-sensitive cells found in the retina?
|
rods and cones. (rods enable people to see black and white, while cones enable people to see color.)
|
|
|
Aside from hearing, what other function does the inner ear have?
|
it controls balance - an inner ear problem can make it difficult for a person to walk.
|
|
|
What is NOT one of the body's senses? Tasting, touching, hearing, thinking. Name the other two.
|
thinking - seeing and smelling
|
|
|
Which of the following drugs is a stimulant? Opium, alcohol, nicotine, television.
|
nicotine -the nicotine in tobacco causes increase heart rate, blood pressure and breathing rate.
|
|
|
What types of neurons send impulses to the muscles?
|
motor neuron - this kind of neuron carries impulses that make muscles move.
|
|
|
What is a type of reflex? writing, swimming, blinking or watching the monkeys at the zoo.
|
blinking
|
|
|
Damage to the cerebrum's soft tissue is called __________?
|
concussion
|
|
|
What is a "stimulus?"
|
an environmental change causing a reaction in an organism.
|
|
|
What connects the body and the central nervous system?
|
the peripheral nervous system.
|
|
|
The automatic nervous system controls __________.
|
involuntary movement
|
|
|
What is the scientific name for a nerve cell?
|
neuron
|
|
|
What are the spaces between neurons where impulses travel?
|
synapses
|
|
|
About how many neurons are there in the human brain?
|
100 billion
|
|
|
Which part of the brain connects it to the spinal cord?
|
brainstem
|
|
|
What part of the brain interprets and stores the signals from the senses?
|
cerebrum - signals are interpreted and stored in the largest part of the brain.
|
|
|
What of the body's senses uses a structure call the hammer?
|
hammer - a tiny bone in the human body that vibrates.
|
|
|
True or False. Both alcohol and caffeine have a direct effect on the central nervous system.
|
True
|
|
|
What part of the eye gives it color?
|
iris
|
|
|
What part of a neuron carries signals away from the cell body?
|
axon - a neuron, or nerve cell, consists of a cell body with a necleus, many dendrites and a single axon.
|
|
|
What part of the brain controls breathing?
|
brainstem - it controls heart rate and other internal organ functions.
|
|
|
True or False. Different taste sensations commonly stimulate different areas of the tongue.
|
True
|
|
|
If a drug addict stops taking a drug, they may experience a period of illness called ______________.
|
withdrawal
|
|
|
What separates the middle ear and outer ear?
|
eardrum
|
|
|
Any drug accelerating the processes of the body.
|
stimulant
|
|
|
What parts of a neuron receive messages and transmit them to the body of the cell?
|
dendrites (A neuron is made up of a cell body and small branches called axons and dendrites.)
|
|
|
The adjustment period occurring when a person dependent on drugs stops taking a drug.
|
withdrawal
|
