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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Serum Estradiol Levels fall |
2. Hypothalamus links nervous system to endocrine system. |
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3. Pulsatile release of Go-Nad releasing hormone (GnRH) |
4. Anterior Pituitary Gland secretes hormone GnRH. |
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GnRH is responsible for controlling... 1. stress 2. growth 3. reproduction 4. lactation |
5. FSH is stimulated causing growth and development in ovary follicles |
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6. Ovarian follicle developed during the first 1/2 of menstrual cycle. *The cells within the follicle produce estrogen stimulating endometrial growth. |
7. Follicular Phase: Day 1-14 *Stimulated by FSH --> Dormant egg cells are surrounded by fluid filled follicle; which expands rapidly to ovarian surface. |
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8. As ovarian follicles grow, they will with fluid and secrete increasing amounts of estrogen. * Typically 5-8 Follicles begin to develop but only one (usually) reaches maturity each month. |
9. Graffian Follicle -2 cm right before ovulation- Mature Follicle. *The dominate follicle is determined on day 8 and normally measures roughly 10 mm. *SONOGRAPHICALLY: Grows linearly -Approx. 2-3 mm/day. Max diameter varies 15-30 mm *The presence of cumulus oophorus suggest ovulation will occur within 36 hours. |
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10. As estrogen rises with follicular development, the pituitary gland stops producing FSH and produces LH; which is responsible for Graffian Follicle rupturing causing ovulation & LH surge. |
LH SURGE: Stimulates maturation of follicle & increases rapidly for 24-36 hours before ovulation. |
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11. LH Surge accompanied by smaller FSH Surges trigger ovulation at approximately day 14. *SONOGRAPHICALLY: - Sudden decrease in follicular size - Free fluid |
OVULATION DEFINITION: The explosion release of ovum from ruptured Graffian Follicle |
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12. Luteal Phase: Begins with ovulation at roughly 15-28 day. -Menstruation almost always occurs 14 days after ovulation |
Luteal Phase Definition: Is the crater left by expulsion of the ovum. The crater becomes filled with yellow cell type & grows to be the Corpus Luteum |
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13. Corpus Luteum: Manufactures & secretes progesterone to prepare & maintain endometrium for implantation. |
14. * The absence of HCG regresses and waste away * No HCG causes progesterone levels to decline. Menstruation occurs and cycle begins again. |
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Endometrial Changes: |
15. Proliferatie Phase: Endometrial regeneration- Days 6-14; Coincides with stage 8. > Regeneration & Proliferation of the endometrium stimulate estrogen by the development of follicles SONOGRAPHICALLY: > Hypoechoic area around midline area- Early Phase > Thickened isoechoic endometrium |
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16. Spiral Arteries enlarge & endometrial glands enlarge > Coincides with Step 11 > Prepares endometrium for implantation should conception occur |
17. Secretory Phase: Days 15-28 > Coincides with ovarian uterus phase > Ovulation- Endometrium prepares for possible implantation under progesterone influence. The endometrium becomes spongy, reaching max thickness! >When fertilization is absent in endometrium; cells undergoes autolysis (self digestion); starting the cycle over again. SONOGRAPHICALLY: > Hyperechoic endometrium with obscured midline echogenicity > Slide 62 |
