The Medieval World Exam 1

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diocletian

Back 1

divided roman empire into 2. worst christian prosecutor.

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constantine

Back 2

moved the capital over to the east to byzantium. issued edict of milan- allows christians to freely practice their religion and gave back confisicated land

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edict of milan

Back 3

issued by constantine. allows christians to freely practice their religion and gave back confisicated land

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council of nicea

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anyone who doesn't believe that god is god and jesus is the same as god is anathematized. denounced arianism

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arianism

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believed jesus was human, but semi-divine. believed that jesus was actually born from god

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theodosian code

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declares that christianity is the state religion. all other religions are illegal

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jerome

Back 7

wrote out the whole bible in latin. did this to spread christianity

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augustine

Back 8

wrote the autobiography called confessions. wrote city of god

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germanic society

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warrior society. war leader led a comitatus

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wergeld

Back 10

the money that had to be paid for compensation for committing a crime

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alaric

Back 11

the visigoth. he sacked rome in 410

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theodoric

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ostrogoth. invited odovacar to a peace treaty meeting and kills him. establishes himself the king of italy

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clovis

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first King of the Franks to unite all the Frankish tribes under one ruler

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monasticism and the benedict of nursia

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created universal rule for all monks and nuns to follow

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st columbanus

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irish monk who established 320 monasteries between 600-700

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pope gregory the great

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sent st amrose to england to try to convert them to anglo-saxon. wrote a letter telling bishop miletus that they are not to destroy the anglo-saxon temples, but the the idols within them

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byzantine civilization

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3 pillars: 1 roman government
2. christian religion
3. greco-oriental culture

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patriarch

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ruler of the east

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pope

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ruler of the west

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justinian

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sought to regain western provinces. was aided by his wife theodora

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mohammed

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from a merchant family. the first caliph (both religious and secular leader)

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caliph

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both a religious and secular leader

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pillars of islam

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1. profession of islam: allah is god and mohammed is his messenger
2. daily worship: towards mecca
3. ramadan: fasting for a month
4. zakat: taxing that goes directly to charity
5. hajj: once in your life you should go on a pilgrimage to hajj in mecca

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abbasids

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they were sufis- seeking a personal, mystical connection to god

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ummayads

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they were sunnis. sunnis allowed any capable muslim to be elected caliph. umayyad dynasty was a period of expansion to the west: spain and attempts into southern france

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merovingians: relationship to church/administration

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alliance with allo-roman aristocracy and church. had an itinerary court- no capital/king would wonder from 1 wealthy home to the next/ no big castle that they lived in

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charlemagne

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took over ruling after his father died. reunited western europe the most since the roman empire. was very close to his kids. Couldn't read or write. kept a tablet underneath his pillow to practice writing

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carolingian renaissance

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the first of the medieval renaissances. supported by alucin of york (an anglo-saxon scholar)

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longships

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used by vikings. had flat bottoms. allowed them to go right up to shore without getting stuck

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why did the vikings go raiding

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lots of individual glory. gained wealth, popularity, power, prestige. colonizing

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1st phase of viking raids

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attacked monasteries

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2nd phase of viking raids

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settled in ireland and normandy

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bede

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a famous monk that wrote the ecclesiastical history

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alfred the great

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agreed to creation of danelaw- an area of england under danish rule. expanded the creation of schools. had a systematized military

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danelaw

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an area of england under danish rule a

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scop

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a storyteller or poet. they were accompanied by a harp. told heroic stories

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iconoclasm

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the rejections of religious images or icons

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missi dominici

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they were servants of the lord who investigated royal officials and reported back to the court

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oath of strasburg

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the allegiance pledge between Louis the German and Charles the Bald

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treaty of verdun

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divided the Carolingian empire into 3 kingdoms between the 3 living sons

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danegeld

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the tax that was paid to viking raiders to save the land from being ravaged

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cnut

Back 42

the king of denmark, england, and norway. his father was king of denmark