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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Thomas A. Edison
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light bulb, 186
power plants => electricity age of invention, mass production |
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Economics of scale
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low costs = sell products
cheaper product = more sales |
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Economics of scale required employees
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blah
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Assembly line production
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workers performed same task for 23911042141 hours a day => injuries
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Government
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couldn't do anything
-probusiness attitude widespread -could not reinforce because of corruption |
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Vertical/horizontal integration
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Vertical integration: control of all facets of production
Horizontal: control of a business process |
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Holding company
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Central organization that controlled delivery, etc.
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Monopoly
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= problems
-banks collapsed when businesses failed (they borrowed huge amounts) -monopolies = powerful people |
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Sherman AntiTrust Act of 1890
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Combination/conspiracy in trade outlawed
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Supreme Court ruled
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(1) owning 98% of market is OK
(2) trade unions was not WTFF?? |
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Andrew Carnegie (steel-man)
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social Darwinism
Gospel of Wealth = result of capitalism, brought social responsibility He donated generously to charity |
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Factories
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hired women and children and immigrants because they were cheap
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mass transportation
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growing middle class could could commute to work
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ethnic neighborhoods formed
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black and Latinos were even lower
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political bosses
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corrupt people that helped poor.
catch: they had to vote a certain way. they ran these charity/political machines |
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Labor unions
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formed against poor treatment of workers (government was wary of them)
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Haymarket Square Riot
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bomb went off during labor union
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American Federation of Labor (AFL)
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lead by Samuel Gompers
trade union - unions of people in the same trade |
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Settlement houses
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community centers
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Jane Addams
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Founded Hull House for English lessons for immigrants, day care, playground, etc.
Won Nobel Peace Prize |
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Life improved for middle/wealthy people
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More leisure time with riches
Popular novels and newspapers developed. Joseph Pulitzer and William Hearst started "yellow journalism" which means stuff people actually want to read |
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THe South
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Reconstruction made South more independant with textile mills
Still largely agricultural |
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Sharecropping
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crop lien system
- poor in constant debt (borrowed to buy supplies, used crop as collateral) |
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Jim Crow laws
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As federal gov left South
- Supreme Court said that blacks would seek protection from STATES - Plessy vs. Ferguson = "Separate but equal" |
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Brooker T. Washington
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founded Tuskegeee Institute for African Americans.
accomodationist - refused to press for immediate equal rights |
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Brooker T. Washington's speech
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called "Atlanta Exposition"
WEB DuBois called it "The Atlantic Compromise" |
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The West
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Ranching (growing livestock) and Mining (digging for minerals)
They laid claims to mines instead of digging it out Expansion of land |
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Railroads
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owned privately but were assisted by gov.
they had monopolies. |
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Buffalo
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White people killed them, NA were flabbergasted because they need it
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Railroad time
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First standrad time measurement
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Morrill Land Grant Act
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gov gave money to agricultural colleges, realizing potential of the Great Plains area
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Native Americans
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Dawes Act - gave NA land in exchange for becoming "white"
Reservations didn't work |
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Reconstruction to the 1900 = Gilded Age
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Shiny on top, corrupt underneath
Workers were exploited Presidents were weak. |
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Railroad regulations
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because they were price-gauging
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Interstate Commerce Act
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Created Interstate Commerce Commission to regulate railroad practices (ineffective - courts sided with businesses)
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Pendelton Act
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Civil service reform - Civil Service Commission to examine potential nominees
so some braindamaged person doensn't get a possition |
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*WOMEN'S SUFFRAGE
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ASA (American Suffrage Association) - wanted to add women's suffrage to state constitutions
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More supplies = cheaper prices
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farmers wanted a more generous money supply
would cause inflation, and let them owe less North banks = no |
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Silver
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farmers wanted silver coins (mined in West)
Silver vs. Gold |
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Grange movement
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Smart! Cooperatives
No money so they died. Farmers' Alliances formed. = People's Party = Populist movement |
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The People's Party (Populist movement) and Socialist movement (by Eugene Debs)
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Rising economics ended it.
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Wizard of Oz = Populist
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o_o
Dorothy = common man silver shoes = silver standard scarecrow = farmer tin man = industrial worker Bryan (democratic candidate) = lion |
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FOREIGN POLICY
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DUM DUM DUM...
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Growing market = new markets
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nationalism
AMERICA was becoming a world economic power |
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William H. Sweard, Secretary of State
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bought Alaska
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Expansionism
Imperialism |
bringing markets into foreign country
Controlling the countries |
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New Navy
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US upgraded ships
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Hawaii
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Trade root to Asia, found Hawaii
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American abuse of Hawaii
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tariff-free access to American markets. Hawaiians became dependent. Then, US imposed high tarrifs. White minority overthrew native gov and US annexed it. Japanese were furious.
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Cuba revolted against Spain
US ship Maine blew up |
McKinley declared war on Spain, and gained the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and the Guam
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Philippines controversal
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Passed in the Senate
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McKinley wanted an open door policy for all western nations wanting to trade with Asia
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Europeans not happy. They had those markets because of colonies.
US helped Europeans surpress Asian rebels; they grew more open to the idea. |
