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306 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1 text
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2 text
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1. Exaggerated over-curvature of thoracic area of vertebral column
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Kyphosis
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2. Lateral deviation of vertebral column
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Scoliosis
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3. Major feature of cervical vertebrae
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Transverse foramina
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4. Vertebra located at level of iliac crest
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L4
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5. Ligament that connects internal surface of laminae of vertebrae
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Ligamentum flavum
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6. Ligament that checks hyperextension of vertebral column
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Anterior longitudinal
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7. Ligament affected by whiplash injury
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Anterior longitudinal
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8. Ligament which limits skull rotation
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Alar
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9. Defective portion of vertebra with spondylolisthesis in cervical area
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Pedicle
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10. Defective portion of vertebra with spondylolisthesis in lumbar area
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Pars interarticularis, Lamina
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11. Common direction of all superior articular facets of vertebrae
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Posterior
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12. Structure in contact with posterior surface of dens
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Transverse ligament of atlas (part of cruciate)
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13. Most commonly herniated intervertebral disc
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L4-5
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14. Most common nerve compressed with herniated intervertebral disc
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L5
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15. Spinal nerve affected by protrusion of the disc between C5/6
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C6
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16. Thoracic intercostal space located deep to triangle of auscultation
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sixth
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17. Vertebral level of lumbar puncture
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L4
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18. Innervation of suboccipital muscles
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Suboccipital nerve
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19. Roof of suboccipital triangle
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Semispinalis capitis
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20. Floor of suboccipital triangle
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Posterior arch of atlas; posterior atlanto-occipital membrane
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21. Major vessel within suboccipital triangle
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Vertebral artery
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22. Synonym for dorsal ramus of C2
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Greater occipital nerve
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23. Inferior extent of dura-arachnoid sac
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SV2
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24. Inferior extent of spinal cord
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LV2
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25. Location of internal vertebral plexus
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Epidural space
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1. Most frequently fractured bone of body
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Clavicle
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2. Most frequently dislocated carpal bone
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Lunate
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3. Most frequently fracture carpal bone
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Scaphoid
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4. Name of fracture of distal radius that produces “dinner fork” appearance
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Colle’s fracture
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5. Nerve injured with fracture of surgical neck of humerus
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Axillary
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6. Nerve injured with fracture of medial humeral epicondyle
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Ulnar
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7. Nerve injured with fracture of shaft of humerus
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Radial
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8. Nerve injured in wrist drop
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Radial
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9. Muscle that is chief flexor and chief extensor at shoulder joint
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Deltoid
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10. Muscles innervated by axillary nerve
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Deltoid and teres minor
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11. Muscle that initiates abduction of arm
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Supraspinatus
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12. Most commonly torn tendon of rotator cuff
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Supraspinatus
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13. Two muscles that rotate scapula for full abduction of arm
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Trapezius and serratus anterior
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14. Tendon that courses through shoulder joint
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Long head of biceps
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15. Chief supinator muscle of hand
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Biceps brachii
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16. Injury to what nerve causes winged scapula
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Long thoracic nerve
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17. Spinal levels of axillary nerve
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C5 and C6
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18. Spinal levels to muscles of the hand
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C8 and T1
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19. Dermatome of thumb
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C6
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20. Nerve to thenar compartment
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Recurrent branch of Median
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21. Innervation of adductor pollicis
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Ulnar (deep br.)
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22. Innervation to all interosseous muscles
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Ulnar (deep br.)
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23. Region affected by upper trunk injury of brachial plexus
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Shoulder
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24. Region affected by lower trunk injury of brachial plexus
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Intrinsic hand muscles
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25. Nerve compressed with carpal tunnel syndrome
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Median
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26. Nerve affected by cubital tunnel syndrome
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Ulnar
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27. Paralysis of which muscles results in total “claw” hand
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Lumbricals
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1. Boundaries of femoral triangle
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Inguinal ligament, sartorius and adductor longus
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2. Structure immediately lateral to femoral sheath
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Femoral nerve
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3. Structure immediately medial to femoral artery in femoral sheath
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Femoral vein
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4. Contents of femoral canal
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Deep inguinal lymph nodes
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5. Medial boundary of femoral ring
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Lacunar ligament
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6. Structures that course throughout entire length of adductor canal
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Femoral artery and vein
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7. Structures that course through only portion of adductor canal
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Saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis, descending genicular vessels
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8. Muscle that forms floor of popliteal fossa
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Popliteus
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9. Muscle that is chief flexor at hip joint
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Iliopsoas
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10. Muscle that prevents pelvis from tilting when walking
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Gluteus medius
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11. Muscle that extends leg
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Quadriceps femoris
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12. Muscle that unlocks knee joint
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Popliteus
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13. Muscle affected with “foot slap”
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Tibialis anterior
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14. Chief invertors of foot
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Tibialis anterior and posterior
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15. Chief evertors of foot
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Fibularis longus and brevis
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16. Ligament that checks backward displacement of femur on tibia
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Anterior cruciate
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17. Ligament laxity with positive valgus maneuver
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Medial collateral
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18. Most commonly injured ankle ligament
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Anterior talofibular
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19. Ligament stretched with “flat foot”
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Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring)
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20. Joints for movements of inversion and eversion
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Subtalar and transverse Tarsal
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21. Major artery to head of femur in adult
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Medial femoral circumflex
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22. Nerve affected with fracture of head and neck of fibula
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Common fibular
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23. Tendon affected with avulsion fracture of 5th metatarsal
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Fibularis brevis
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24. Innervation of adductor magnus
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Obturator, tibial portion of Sciatic
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25. Nerve affected with tarsal tunnel syndrome
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Tibial
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26. Cutaneous innervation to medial side of foot
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Saphenous (L4)
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27. Cutaneous innervation to lateral side of foot
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Sural (S1)
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28. Cutaneous innervation of heel
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Tibial
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29. Cutaneous innervation to dorsal aspect of web between toes 1 and 2
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Deep fibular
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30. Cutaneous innervation of most of dorsum of foot
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Superficial fibular
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31. Major dermatome to big toe
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L4
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32. Dermatome to small toe
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S1
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33. Spinal level of patellar reflex
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L4
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34. Spinal level of Achilles reflex
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S1
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35. Locking of knee when walking suggests
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Meniscus injury
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36. Major injury triad with lateral impact to knee
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Medial collateral, medial meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament
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1. Dermatome around nipple
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T4
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2. Vertebral level at inferior angle of scapula
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TV7
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3. Structure that lies immediately posterior to manubrium
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Thymus
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4. Rib related to oblique fissure of lung posteriorly
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2nd
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5. Rib paralleled by horizontal fissure of right lung
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4th
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6. Inferior extent of lung at midclavicular line
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6th rib
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7. Inferior extent of pleura at midclavicular line
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8th rib
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8. Inferior extent of lung at midaxillary line
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8th rib
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9. Inferior extent of pleura at midaxillary line
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10th rib
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10. Inferior extent of lung posteriorly
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10th rib
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11. Inferior extent of pleura posteriorly
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12th rib
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12. Innervation of costal pleura
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Intercostal nerve
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13. Innervation of mediastinal pleura
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Phrenic nerve
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14. Site for auscultation of pulmonary valve
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Left 2nd interspace
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15. Site for auscultation of aortic valve
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Right 2nd interspace
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16. Site for auscultation of tricuspid valve
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Xiphisternal joint
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17. Site for auscultation of mitral valve
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Left 5th interspace, midclavicular line
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18. Heart chamber with greatest sternocostal projection
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Right ventricle
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19. Chamber that forms apex of heart
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Left ventricle
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20. major chamber that forms base of heart
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Left atrium
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21. Heart chamber that contains moderator band
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Right ventricle
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22. Artery that determines coronary dominance
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Posterior interventricular
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23. Usual origin of SA and AV nodal arteries
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Right coronary artery
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24. Location of SA node
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Cristae terminalis
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25. Major vessel that drains the musculature of the heart
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Coronary sinus
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26. Innervation of fibrous pericardium
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Phrenic nerve
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27. Most common cause of systolic ejection murmur
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Aortic stenosis
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28. Rib associated with sternal angle
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Second rib
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29. Vertebral level associated with sternal angle
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Disc between TV4-5
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30. Location of ductus arteriosus
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Between left pulmonary artery and aorta
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31. Nerve potentially injured with repair of patent ductus arteriosus
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Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
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32. Veins that unite to form brachiocephalic
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Subclavian and internal Jugular
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33. Veins that unite to form superior vena cava
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Right and left Brachiocephalic
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34. Termination of azygos vein
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Superior vena cava
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35. Structures that lie to right and left of thoracic duct
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Azygos veins, aorta
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36. Spinal levels of greater splanchnic nerve
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T5-9
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37. Spinal levels of lesser splanchnic nerve
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T10-11
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38. Spinal levels of least splanchnic nerve
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T12
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39. Thoracic structures that can compress the esophagus
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Left bronchus, aorta and Diaphragm
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40. Disease often associated with thymoma
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Myasthenia gravis
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1. Remnant of umbilical vein
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Round ligament of liver
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2. Dermatome to umbilical area
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T10
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3. Dermatome to suprapubic area
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L1
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4. Vertebral level associated with origin of celiac artery
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T12
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5. Vertebral level associated with origin of SMA
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L1
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6. Vertebral level associated with origin renal arteries
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L2
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7. Vertebral level associated with origin of gonadal arteries
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L2
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8. Vertebral level associated with origin of IMA
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L3
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9. Vertebral level of umbilicus
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Disc L3-4
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10. Vertebral level of aortic bifurcation
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L5
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11. Vertebral level for formation of IVC
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L5
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12. Spinal levels to muscles of anterior abdominal wall
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T7 – L1
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13. Structure that forms superficial inguinal ring
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Aponeurosis of external Oblique
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14. Structure that forms deep inguinal ring
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Trasnversalis fasica
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15. Structure that form floor of inguinal canal
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Inguinal ligament
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16. Bony attachments of inguinal ligament
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ASIS and pubic tubercle
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17. Structures that form conjoint tendon
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Internal oblique and transversus abdominis
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18. Abdominal layer continuous with external spermatic fascia
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External oblique
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19. Abdominal continuous with cremasteric fascia
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Internal oblique
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20. Abdominal layer continuous with internal spermatic fascia
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Transversalis fascia
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21. Structure that lies between protrusion sites of direct and indirect hernias
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Inferior epigastric artery
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22. Type of hernia that enters deep inguinal ring
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Indirect inguinal
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23. Most common type of hernia
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Indirect inguinal
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24. Most common side for indirect inguinal hernia
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Right
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25. Type of hernia that protrudes through Hesselbach’s triangle
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Direct inguinal
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26. Boundaries of Hesselbach’s triangle
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Inguinal ligament, rectus abdominis, inferior epigastric artery and vein
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27. Type of hernia that traverses both deep and superficial rings
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Indirect inguinal
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28. Fluid in processus vaginalis
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Hydrocele
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29. Communication between greater and lesser sacs
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Epiploic foramen
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30. Superior border of epiploic foramen
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Caudate lobe of liver
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31. Inferior border of epiploic foramen
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Part one of duodenum
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32. Posteiror border of epiploic foramen
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IVC
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33. Ligament that contains portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct
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Hepatoduodenal (lesser omentum)
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34. Structure that limits spread of ascitic fluid in left paracolic gutter
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Phrenicocolic ligament
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35. Structuer that limits spread of ascitic fluid within infracolic compartment
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Root of mesentary
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36. Superior extent of right paracolic gutter
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Hepatorenal recess
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37. Most inferior portion of peritoneal cavity
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Rectouterine pouch
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38. Structures supplied by celiac artery
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Stomach, duodenum, liver, spleen, gallbladder, pancreas
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39. Branches of celiac artery
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Left gastric, common hepatic and splenic
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40. Blood supply to stomach
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Right and left gastroepiploics, right, left and short gastric
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41. Major structures of bed of stomach
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Pancreas, spleen, left kidney and suprarenal gland, diaphragm
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42. Ducts that join to form common bile duct
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Cystic and common Hepatic
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43. Structure that separates right and left lobes of liver
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Falciform ligament
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44. Origin of cystic artery
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Right hepatic artery
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45. Ribs directly related to spleen
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Ribs 9-11
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46. Organs related to spleen
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Stomach, colon, left kidney, tail of pancreas
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47. Artery to small intestine
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SMA
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48. Organs supplied by both celiac and SMA
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Duodenum, pancreas
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49. Organs supplied by both SMA and IMA
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Transverse colon
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50. Vessel located posterior to head of pancreas
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IVC
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51. Vessel located posterior to neck of pancreas
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Portal vein
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52. Veins that unite to form portal vein
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Splenic and SMV
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53. Clinically importatnt organs for portacaval anastomoses
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Esophagus, rectum, liver
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54. Two structures that lies posterior to SMA near its origin
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Left renal vein, duodenum
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55. Three distinguishing features of the large intestine
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Tenia coli, haustra, epiploic appendages
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56. Termination of left gonadal vein
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Left renal vein
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57. Termination of right gonadal vein
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Inferior vena cava
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58. Location of initial pain of appendicitis
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Umbilical region
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59. Motor innervation of diaphragm
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Phrenic
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60. Sensory innervation of diaphragm
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Phrenic + intercostal
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61. Spinal levels of phrenic nerve
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C3-5
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62. Vertebral level that inferior vena cava traverses diaphragm
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T8
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63. Vertebral level that esophagus traverses diaphragm
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T10
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64. Structures that traverse diaphragm with esophagus
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Vagal trunks
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65. Vertebral level that aorta traverses diaphragm
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T12
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66. Structure that traverses diaphragm with aorta
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Thoracic duct
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67. Structure that traverses diaphragm through crura
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Greater, lesser and least splanchnic nerves
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1. Structure that separates pelvis and perineum
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Pelvic diaphragm
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2. Two major components of pelvic diaphragm
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Levator ani + coccygeus
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3. Two major components of levator ani
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Pubococcygeus and Iliococcygeus
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4. Two muscles which close lateral pelvic wall
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Obturator internus and Piriformis
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5. Means by which obturator internus exits pelvis
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Lesser sciatic foramen
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6. Means by which piriformis exits pelvis
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Greater sciatic foramen
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7. Innervation of detrusor
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Pelvic splanchnics (S2-4)
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8. Remnants of umbilical arteries
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Medial umbilical ligaments
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9. Chief artery to rectal mucosa
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Superior rectal
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10. Most common type of pelvic inlet in females
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Gynecoid
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11. Two remnants of gubernaculum in females
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Ovarian and round Ligament
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12. Ligament that contains ovarian vessels
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Suspensory ligament of Ovary
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13. Lymph nodes for ovary and testes
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Lumbar
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14. Normal position of uterus
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Anterverted, anteflexed
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15. Chief uterine support
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Pubococcygeus
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16. Ligament that contains uterine vessels
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Lateral cervical
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17. Structure potentially injured with hysterectomy
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Ureter
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18. Relation of ureter to uterine artery
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Inferior and posterior
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19. Structure that separates deep and superficial perineal spaces
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Perineal membrane
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20. Bony landmarks between anal and UG triangles
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Ischial tuberosities
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21. Lateral wall of ischioanal fossa
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Fascia of obturator Internus
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22. Structure that forms the pudendal canal
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Fascia of obturator Internus
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23. Structure that separates internal and external hemorrhoids
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Pectinate line
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24. Lymph nodes for area superior to pectinate line of anal canal
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Internal iliac, IM
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25. Lymph nodes for area inferior to pectinate line of anal canal
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Superficial inguinal
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26. Major structure of deep perineal space
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Sphincter urethrae
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27. Lymph nodes for glans penis
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Deep inguinal
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28. Muscle which compresses the bulb of penis
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Bulbospongiosus
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29. Muscle which compresses the crus of penis
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Ischiocavernosus
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30. Muscles which meet at the perineal body
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Superficial and deep perineal, bulbospongiosus, external anal sphincter, pubococcygeus
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1. Vertebral level of hyoid bone
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CV3
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2. Vertebral level of thyroid cartilage
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CV4,5
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3. Vertebral level of cricoid cartilage
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CV6
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4. Muscles that are innervated by CN XI
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Trapezius, SCM
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5. Structures that course between anterior and middle scalene
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Brachial plexus, subclavian artery
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6. Innervation of omohyoid, sternohyoid and sternothyroid
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Ansa cervicalis
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7. Innervation of digastric
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Anterior belly = CN V Posterior belly = CN VII
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8. Innervation of carotid sinus and carotid body
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CN IX, CN X
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9. Major structures to pass through pharyngeal wall superior to superior constrictor
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Auditory tube, levator veli Palatini
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10. Nerves of pharyngeal plexus
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CN IX, CN X, Sympathetics
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11. Only muscle innervated by CN IX
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Stylopharyngeus
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12. Structures that pierce thyrohyoid membrane
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Internal laryngeal nerve, superior laryngeal artery
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13. Only muscle to abduct vocal cords
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Posterior cricoarytenoid
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14. Innervation of cricothyroid
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External laryngeal nerve
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15. Innervation of laryngeal muscles exclusive of cricothyroid
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Recurrent laryngeal
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16. Muscle that increases tension on vocal cords
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Cricothyroid
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17. Sensory nerve to larynx superior to vocal cords
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Internal laryngeal
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18. Sensory nerve to larynx inferior to vocal cords
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Recurrent laryngeal
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19. Site of aspirated lodged fishbone
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Piriform recess
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20. Afferent – efferent limbs of gag reflex
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CN IX – CN X
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21. Afferent – efferent limbs of cough reflex
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CN X – CN X
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22. Nerve injury that causes hoarseness following thyroid surgery
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Recurrent laryngeal
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23. Chief structures that traverse internal acoustic meatus
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CN VII and VIII
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24. Foramen where CN VII exits skull
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Stylomastoid foramen
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25. Major arterial supply to calvaria and supratentorial dura
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Middle meningeal
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26. Major cutaneous nerve of face
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CN V
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27. Major artery to internal structures of head
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Maxillary
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28. Spinal levels of sympathetic fibers to head
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T1 – 2
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|
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29. Autonomic ganglia for CN III
|
Ciliary
|
|
|
30. Sensory ganglia for CN VII
|
Geniculate
|
|
|
31. Autonomic ganglia for CN VII
|
PPG and submandibular
|
|
|
32. Autonomic ganglia for CN IX
|
Otic
|
|
|
33. Muscle attached to disc of TMJ
|
Lateral pterygoid
|
|
|
34. Muscle that retracts mandible
|
Temporalis
|
|
|
35. Major nerve to TMJ (pain)
|
Auriculotemporal
|
|
|
36. Specific nerves that elicit secretion from the parotid gland
|
Tympanic branch of CN IX and lesser petrosal
|
|
|
37. Branch of CN V that carries parasympathetics to parotid
|
Auriculotemporal
|
|
|
38. Structure that opens into superior meatus of nasal cavity
|
Posterior ethmoid sinus
|
|
|
39. Structures that open into middle meatus of nasal cavity
|
Frontal, maxillary, anterior and middle ethmoid
|
|
|
40. Structures that opens into inferior meatus of nasal cavity
|
Nasolacrimal duct
|
|
|
41. Major artery to nasal cavity
|
Sphenopalatine
|
|
|
42. Most common site of nose bleed
|
Kiesselbach’s plexus
|
|
|
43. Innervation of levator veli palatini
|
CN X
|
|
|
44. Muscle that opens auditory tube
|
Tensor veli palatini
|
|
|
45. Innervation of tensor veli palatini
|
CN V3
|
|
|
46. Nerve that provides taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
|
Chorda tympani
|
|
|
47. Site of cell bodies for nerve that carries taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
|
Geniculate ganglion
|
|
|
48. Specific nerve that elicits secretion from submandibular gland
|
Chorda tympani
|
|
|
49. Branch of CN V that carries parasympathetic to submandibular
|
Lingual
|
|
|
50. Nerve injured when tonsilar pillars sag and uvula deviates
|
CN X
|
|
|
51. Nerve potentially injured with tonsillectomy
|
CN IX
|
|
|
52. Muscle that protrudes tongue
|
Genioglossus
|
|
|
53. Nerve injured when deviation of protruded tongue
|
Ipsilateral CN XII
|
|
|
54. Specific nerve that stimulates tear production
|
Greater petrosal CN VII
|
|
|
55. Sensory nerve to cornea
|
CN V1 (nasociliary)
|
|
|
56. Muscle that elevates and abducts eye
|
Inferior oblique
|
|
|
57. Muscle that depresses and abducts eye
|
Superior oblique
|
|
|
58. Site of preganglionic nerve cells that elicits dilation of pupil
|
Lateral horn, T1 - 2
|
|
|
59. Site of postganglionic nerve cells that elicits dilation of pupil
|
Superior cervical ganglion
|
|
|
60. Site of preganglionic nerve cells that elicits constriction of pupil
|
Edinger-Westphal
|
|
|
61. Site of postganglionic nerve cells that elicits constriction of pupil
|
Ciliary ganglion
|
|
|
62. Innervation of external surface of tympanic membrane
|
Auriculotemporal, CN X
|
|
|
63. Innervation of internal surface of tympanic membrane
|
CN IX
|
|
|
1. Level where ascending aorta is continuous with arch of aorta
|
TV4-5
|
|
|
2. Level where arch of aorta is continuous with descending aorta
|
TV4-5
|
|
|
3. Effect of sympathetic nerves on lungs
|
Bronchodilation, Vasoconstriction
|
|
|
4. Effect of parasympathetic nerves on lungs
|
Bronchoconstriction, Vasodilation
|
|
|
5. Rationale for aspirated small objects to go to right primary bronchus
|
Wider diameter, shorter and more vertical
|
|
|
6. Needle location for therapeutic pleural tapping
|
Superior to 12th rib, posteriorly
|
|
|
7. Name given to portion of right ventricle prior to beginning of pulmonary trunk
|
conus arteriosum or infundibulum
|
|
|
8. Name given to orientation where uterus and vagina intersect at angle of 90 degrees
|
Anteversion
|
|
|
9. Name given to orientation where uterine body and cervix intersect at angle of 10-15 degrees
|
Anteflexion
|
|
|
10. Ridge located between sinus venarum and right ventricle
|
Cristae terminalis
|
|
|
11. Nerve at risk when performing thyroidectomy
|
Both left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves
|
|
|
12. Specific muscle that holds patella in place
|
Vastus medialis
|
|
|
13. First portion of quadriceps femoris to atrophy with injury to femoral nerve
|
Vastus medialis
|
|
|
14. Last portion of quadriceps femoris to recover following injury
|
Vastus medialis
|
|
|
15. Innervation to nail bed of middle finger
|
Median nerve
|
|
|
16. Innervation to nail bed of ring finger
|
Ulnar and median
|
|
|
17. Spinal nerve affected with herniated disc at L3/L4
|
L4
|
