The Language Of Medicine Chapter 9 Vocab And Concepts

Front 1

Spermatozoon (sperms cell)

Back 1

Male sex cell

Front 2

What is the sperm composed of?

Back 2

Head and tail

Front 3

Flagellum

Back 3

Hair-like projection which makes the sperm motile

Front 4

Ejaculation

Back 4

Ejection of the sperm and fluid from the male Urethra

Front 5

How long does the sperm live

Back 5

3-5 days

Front 6

Approximately how many sperm are released during ejaculation

Back 6

300,000,000

Front 7

Fraternal twins

Back 7

Twins resulting from fertilization of separate ova by separate sperm cells

Front 8

Identical twins

Back 8

Fertilization of a single egg by a single sperm. It then splits as it is dividing and each part undergoes separate division and produces two embryos

Front 9

Testosterone

Back 9

Male hormone responsible for production of male bodily characteristics and kept development of the male gonads and accessory organs

Front 10

Testis

Back 10

Singular of Testes or testicles; male gonad which contains sperm

Front 11

Scrotum

Back 11

Sac which hold the testes outside of the body, which exposes them to lower temperature for adequate spermatogenesis

Front 12

Spermatogenesis

Back 12

Maturation and development of the sperm

Front 13

Perineum

Back 13

Located between anus and scrotum at the floor of the pelvic region

Front 14

Seminiferous tubules

Back 14

Large mass of narrow, coiled tubules which contain cells that manufacture spermatozoa

Front 15

Parenchymal tissue

Back 15

Perform essential work of the testis--formation of sperm

Front 16

Interstitial cells

Back 16

Lie adjacent to the seminiferous tubules; manufacture testosterone

Front 17

Stromal tissue

Back 17

Supportive, connective, and framework tissue, such as blood cells, connective tissue, and muscle

Front 18

Epididymis

Back 18

Large, coiled tube running down the length of each testis which stores sperm

Front 19

Vas deferens

Back 19

Straight tube which carries sperm from epididymis to the area of the urinary bladder where it merges with ducts from seminal vesicles

Front 20

Seminal vesicles

Back 20

paired, sac-like exocrine glands that secrete fluid (a major component of semen) into the vas deferens

Front 21

Ejactulatory duct

Back 21

Tube through which semen enters the male Urethra

Front 22

Vasectomy

Back 22

Sterilization; urologist cuts and ties off each vas deferens by making an Incision in the scrotum

Front 23

Ductus deferens

Back 23

AKA vans deferens

Front 24

Urethra

Back 24

Ejactulatory duct joins this and semen and urine both leave the body through it.

Front 25

Semen

Back 25

Spermatozoa and seminal fluid, discharged from the urethra during ejaculation

Front 26

Prostate gland

Back 26

Exocrine gland at the base of the male urinary bladder. Secretes one of the fluid parts of semen into the urethra during ejaculation

Front 27

Bulbourethral glands

Back 27

Pair of exocrine glands near the male urethra . Secrete fluid into the urethra.

Front 28

Cowper glands

Back 28

AKA bulbourehtral glands

Front 29

Penis

Back 29

male external organ of the reproductive system; tube composed of erectile tissue

Front 30

Glans penis

Back 30

Soft, sensitive tip of the penis; comparable to the clitoris in the female

Front 31

Prepuce

Back 31

foreskin; fold of skin covering the tip of the penis

Front 32

Erectile dysfunction

Back 32

impotence; inability in an adult male to acheive an erection

Front 33

Carcinoma of the testes

Back 33

testicular cancer; malignant tumor of the testicles

Front 34

Seminoma

Back 34

most common testicular tumor; arises from embryonic cells in the testes

Front 35

Nonseminomatous tumors (4)

Back 35

Embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, choriocarcinoma, yolk sac tumor

Front 36

Teratoma

Back 36

composed of tissue such as bone, hair, cartilage, and skin

Front 37

Two proteins produced by testicular tumors:

Back 37

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) & alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

Front 38

Cryptorchidism; cryptorchism

Back 38

undescended testicles

Front 39

Hydrocele

Back 39

Sec of clear fluid in the scrotum

Front 40

Testicular torsion

Back 40

twisting of the spermatic cord

Front 41

Varicocele

Back 41

enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle

Front 42

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Back 42

benign growth of cells withing the prostate gland

Front 43

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

Back 43

relieves obstruction of the urethra by inserting an endoscope into the penis and cutting away some prostatic tissue using an electrical hot loop

Front 44

Carcinoma of the prostate

Back 44

Malignant tumor (adnocarcinoma) of the prostate gland

Front 45

Digital rectal examination (DRE)

Back 45

palpating of the prostate with a finger to check for late-stage tumors

Front 46

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Back 46

protein that is secreted by tumor cells into the bloodstream; elevated in prostate cancer patients

Front 47

Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)

Back 47

guides the precise placement of the biopsy needle

Front 48

Hypospadias

Back 48

congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of at its tip

Front 49

Phimosis

Back 49

Narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis

Front 50

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

Back 50

infections transmitted by sexual or other genital contact

Front 51

Two other names for STDs

Back 51

sexually transmitted infections, veneral diseases

Front 52

Chlamydial infection

Back 52

bacterial invasion (by Chlamydia trachomatis) of the urethra and reproductive tract

Front 53

Gonorrhea

Back 53

Inflammation of the genital tract mucoasa, caused by infection with gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria)

Front 54

Purulent

Back 54

Pus-filled

Front 55

Herpes genitalis

Back 55

Infection of skin and genital mucosa, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Front 56

Human papillomvirus (HPV) infection

Back 56

Infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus

Front 57

Genital warts

Back 57

Caused by HPV

Front 58

Syphilis

Back 58

Chronic STD caused by a spirometer (spiral-shaped bacterium)

Front 59

Chancre

Back 59

Hard ulcer or sore caused by syphilis

Front 60

PSA test

Back 60

Measurement of levels of Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood

Front 61

Semen analysis

Back 61

Microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid

Front 62

Castration

Back 62

Surgical Excision of the testicles or ovaries

Front 63

Circumcision

Back 63

Surgical procedure to remove the prepuce of the penis

Front 64

Digital Rectal examination (DRE)

Back 64

Finger palpation through the anal canal and Rectum to examine the prostate gland

Front 65

Photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP)

Back 65

Removal of tissue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BHP) using a green-light laser (laser TURP)

Front 66

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

Back 66

Excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the Urethra

Front 67

Vasectomy

Back 67

Bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens

Front 68

Ligation

Back 68

Tying and binding off

Front 69

Semen analysis

Back 69

Microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid