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1098 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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adenoma
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Tumor of a gland.
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adenitis
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Inflammation of a gland.
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arthritis
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Inflammation of a joint.
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biology
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Study of life.
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biopsy
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Removal of living tissue and examination under a microscope.
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carcinoma
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Cancerous tumor.
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cardiology
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Study of the heart.
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cephalic
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Pertaining to the head.
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cerebral
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Pertaining to the brain.
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incision
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Process of cutting into. Scissors cut.
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excision
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Process of cutting out.
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endocrine glands
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Glands that secrete hormones within the body.
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cystoscopy
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Process of visual examination of the urinary bladder.
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cytology
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Study of cells.
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dermatitis
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Inflammation of the skin.
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hypodermic
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Pertaining to under the skin.
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electrocardiogram
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Record of the electricity in the heart.
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electroencephalogram
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Record of the electricity of the brain.
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enteritis
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Inflammation of the intestines.
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erythrocyte
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A red blood cell.
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gastrectomy
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Removal of the stomach.
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gastrotomy
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Incision of the stomach.
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diagnosis
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State of complete knowledge; information gathered about a patient's illness. (Dia-= complete; gnos/o = knowledge; -sis = state of)
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prognosis
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State of before knowledge; prediction about the outcome of an illness. An agnostic is a person who professes no (a-) knowledge of God.
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gynecology
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Study of females and female diseases.
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hematology
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Study of blood.
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hematoma
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Collection (mass) of blood.
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hemoglobin
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Blood protein found in red blood cells. Hemoglobin carries oxygen to the cells from the lungs and carbon dioxide away from cells to the lungs.
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hepatitis
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Inflammation of the liver.
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iatrogenic
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" Pertaining to being produced by treatment. A rash occurring after treatment with a drug, such as penicillin, is an iatrogenic condition. A related term, nosocomial, refers to any infection acquired in a hospital (nos/o means disease and -comial comes from the Greek ""I take care of""). "
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leukocyte
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White blood cell.
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nephritis
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Inflammaton of the kidney.
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nephrology
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Study of the kidney.
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neurology
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Study of nerves.
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oncology
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Study of tumors.
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oncologist
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Specialist in the study of tumors.
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ophthalmoscope
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"Instrument for visual examination of the eye. Proper pronunciation helps in the spelling of this term. The initial syllable is pronounced ""off"" and is spelled ""oph."" "
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osteitis
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Inflammation of bone.
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osteoarthritis
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Inflammation of bone and joints (actually degeneration of joint tissue).
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pathology
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Study of disease.
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pathologist
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"One who studies diseases, performs autopsies, and examines biopsy samples. "
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pediatric
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Pertaining to treatment of children.
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psychology
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Study of the mind.
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psychiatrist
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Specialist in the treatment of the mind.
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radiology
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Study of x-rays.
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renal
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"Pertaining to the kidney. Ren/o (Latin) is used with -al (Latin), and nephr/o (Greek) is used with -ic (Greek). "
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rhinitis
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Inflammation of the nose.
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sarcoma
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"Tumor of flesh tissue (cancerous tumor of connective tissues, such as bone, muscle, cartilage, fat). Sarcasm is an utterance intended to ""cut into the flesh"" and a sarcophagus is a box or container (Egyptian coffin) intended to ""swallow flesh."" Phag/o means to eat or swallow. "
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resection
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Process of cutting out; removal.
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thrombocyte
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A clotting cell.
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urology
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Study of the urinary tract.
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cardiac
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Pertaining to the heart.
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neural
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Pertaining to nerves.
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arthralgia
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Pain of a joint.
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neuralgia
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Nerve pain.
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erythrocyte
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Red blood cell.
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nephrectomy
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Removal (resection) of a kidney.
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leukemia
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Blood condition of white cells; malignant (cancerous) condition.
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carcinogenic
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"Pertaining to producing cancer. From the Greek ""gennao"" meaning ""I produce."" Other words to help remember -genic are gene and Genesis. "
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pathogenic
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Pertaining to producing disease.
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iatrogenic
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Pertaining to produced by treatment (physician).
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electroencephalogram
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Record of the electricity in the brain.
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gastric
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Pertaining to the stomach.
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neurological
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Pertaining to the study of nerves.
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excision
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Process of cutting out; removal.
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gynecologist
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Specialist in the study of females and female disorders.
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cystitis
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Inflammation of the urinary bladder.
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endocrinology
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Study of the endocrine glands.
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hepatoma
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Tumor (malignant) of the liver.
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biopsy
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Process of viewing life; removal of living tissue for microscopic examination.
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nephrosis
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Abnormal condition of the kidney.
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leukocytosis
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Abnormal condition (slight increase) of normal white blood cells.
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enteropathy
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Disease of the intestines.
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adenopathy
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Disease of glands.
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endoscope
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Instrument to visually examine within (the body).
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endoscopy
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Process of visually examining within (the body).
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prognosis
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State of before knowledge; prediction about the outcome of treatment.
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osteotomy
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Incision of a bone.
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gastroenterology
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Process of study of the stomach and intestines.
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anemia
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A decrease in erythrocytes or hemoglobin.
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autopsy
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"Self view-examination of a dead body, understand its function. "
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diagnosis
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State of complete knowledge; information gathered about a patient's illness.
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endocrinologist
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One who specializes in endocrine glands.
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epigastric
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Pertaining to above the stomach.
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epidermis
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Outer layer of skin; above the dermis layer.
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excision
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Process of cutting out; to resection.
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exocrine glands
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Glands that secrete chemicals to the outside of the body.
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hyperglycemia
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Condition of increased blood sugar.
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hypogastric
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Pertaining to below the stomach.
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hypoglycemia
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Condition of low blood sugar.
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incision
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Process of cutting into; to section.
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pericardium
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Structure (membrane) surrounding the heart.
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prognosis
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State of before knowledge-prediction about the outcome of a condition.
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resection
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"Removal; excision. From the Latin ""resecare"" meaning ""to cut back, trim or curtail."" Thus a resection is an operation wherein an organ is ""cut back"" or removed. "
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retrocardiac
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Pertaining to behind the heart.
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subhepatic
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Pertaining to below the liver.
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transhepatic
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Pertaining to across or through the liver.
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abdominal
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Pertaining to the abdomen.
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adipose
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Pertaining to fat.
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anterior
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Pertaining to the front.
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anabolism
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Process of casting up (building-up or synthesizing process in a cell).
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cervical
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Pertaining to the neck.
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chondroma
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Tumor of cartilage.
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chondrosarcoma
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Flesh tumor (malignant) of cartilage.
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chromosomes
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Color bodies; contain genetic material and are located in the nucleus of cell.
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coccygeal
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Pertaining to the tailbone.
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craniotomy
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Incision of the skull.
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cytoplasm
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Contents (formation) of the cell (apart from the nucleus and cell membrane).
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distal
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Pertaining to far (from the beginning of a structure).
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dorsal
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Pertaining to the back.
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histology
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Study of tissues.
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iliac
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Pertaining to the ilium.
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inguinal
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Pertaining to the groin.
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karyotype
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Picture (classification) of the nucleus (and its chromosomes).
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lateral
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Pertaining to the side.
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lumbosacral
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Pertaining to the lumbar and sacral regions.
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medial
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Pertaining to the middle.
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nucleic
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Pertaining to the nucleus.
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pelvic
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Pertaining to the hip bone.
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posterior
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" Pertaining to the back, behind."
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proximal
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Pertaining to near the beginning of a structure.
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sacral
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Pertaining to the sacrum (lower back).
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sarcoma
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Tumor of flesh tissue (malignant).
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spinal
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"Pertaining to the spine, backbone."
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epithelial cell
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Cell covering the surface of the skin and inner lining of body cavities and tubes.
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thoracic
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Pertaining to the chest.
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thoracotomy
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Incision of the chest.
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tracheal
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Pertaining to the windpipe.
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umbilical
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Pertaining to the navel.
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ventral
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Pertaining to the belly side of the body.
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vertebral
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Pertaining to vertebrae.
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visceral
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Pertaining to internal organs.
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anabolic
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Pertaining to casting up; building up substances (proteins) in the cell.
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catabolism
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Process of casting down; breaking down material in the cell to release energy.
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epigastric
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Pertaining to above the stomach.
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hypochondriac regions
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Pertaining to under the rib cartilages (area of the abdomen).
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intervertebral
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Pertaining to between the vertebrae.
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metabolism
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State of building up (anabolism) and breaking down (catabolism); processes in a cell.
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arthralgia
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Pain in a joint.
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otalgia
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Pain in the ear.
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neuralgia
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Pain of nerves.
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myalgia
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Pain of muscles.
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rectocele
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Hernia of the rectum.
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cystocele
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Hernia of the urinary bladder.
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thoracocentesis
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Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest (thoracentesis).
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amniocentesis
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Surgical puncture of the amnion.
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abdominocentesis
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Surgical puncture of the abdomen.
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streptococcus
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Berry-shaped (spheroidal) bacterium found in twisted chains.
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staphylococci
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Berry-shaped (spheroidal) bacteria in clusters.
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erythrocyte
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Red blood cell.
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leukocyte
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White blood cell.
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thrombocyte
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Clotting cell.
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pleurodynia
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Pain in the chest wall muscles that is aggravated by breathing (literally: pain of the pleura).
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laryngectomy
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Removal of the larynx.
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mastectomy
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Removal of a breast.
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anemia
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Decrease in erythrocytes or hemoglobin.
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ischemia
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To hold back blood from an area of the body.
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carcinogenesis
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Condition of producing cancer.
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pathogenesis
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Condition of producing disease.
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angiogenesis
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Formation of blood vessels.
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carcinogenic
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Pertaining to producing cancer.
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osteogenic
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Pertaining to produced within bone.
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electroencephalogram
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Record of the electricity in the brain.
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myelogram
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Record (x-ray) of the spinal cord.
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mammogram
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Record (x-ray) of the breast.
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electroencephalograph
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Instrument for recording the electricity in the brain.
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electroencephalography
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Process of recording the electricity in the brain.
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angiography
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Process of recording (x-ray) blood vessels.
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bronchitis
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Inflammation of the bronchi.
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tonsillitis
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Inflammation of the tonsils.
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thrombophlebitis
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Inflammation of a vein with clot formation.
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ophthalmology
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Study of the eye.
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morphology
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Study of shape or form.
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hemolysis
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Destruction of blood (breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin).
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osteomalacia
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Softening of bone.
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chondromalacia
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Softening of cartilage.
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acromegaly
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Enlargement of extremities.
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splenomegaly
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Enlargement of the spleen.
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myoma
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Tumor (benign) of muscle.
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myosarcoma
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Tumor (malignant) of muscle (a type of flesh tissue).
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multiple myeloma
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Tumor of bone marrow.
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hematoma
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Collection of blood (bruise).
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biopsy
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To view life; microscopic examination of living tissue.
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necropsy
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Visual examination of dead bodies; autopsy (most often used for animals).
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necrosis
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Condition of death (of cells).
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hydronephrosis
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Abnormal condition of water (found) in the kidney.
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leukocytosis
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Abnormal condition (slight increase in numbers) of normal white blood cells.
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cardiomyopathy
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Disease of heart muscle.
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erythropenia
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Deficiency of red blood cells.
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neutropenia
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Deficiency in neutrophils.
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thrombocytopenia
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Deficiency of clotting cells.
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acrophobia
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Fear of heights.
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agoraphobia
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"Fear of being in open, crowded spaces (marketplace). "
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achondroplasia
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No (improper) development of cartilage.
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angioplasty
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Surgical repair of blood vessels.
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blepharoptosis
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"Prolapse, sagging of an eyelid. "
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nephroptosis
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Prolapse of a kidney.
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arteriosclerosis
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Hardening of arteries.
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laparoscope
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Instrument to visually examine the abdomen.
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laparoscopy
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Process of visual examination of the abdomen.
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metastasis
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Beyond control; spreading of a cancerous tumor.
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hemostasis
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Stopping the flow of blood (naturally by clotting or artificially by compression).
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colostomy
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New opening of the colon (to the outside of the body).
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tracheostomy
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New opening of the windpipe (to the outside of the body).
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hydrotherapy
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Treatment with water.
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chemotherapy
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Treatment with drugs.
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radiotherapy
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Treatment with x-rays.
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laparotomy
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Incision into the abdomen.
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phlebotomy
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Incision of a vein.
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hypertrophy
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Excessive development.
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atrophy
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No development; wasting away of tissue.
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radiographer
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"One who records x-rays; radiologic technologist. A person who, under the supervision of a physician, operates radiologic equipment and assists radiologists. "
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leukemia
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Condition of increase in white cells (malignancy).
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pneumonia
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Condition (abnormal) of lungs.
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nephrologist
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Specialist in the study of the kidney.
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arteriole
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Small artery.
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venule
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Small vein.
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pericardium
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Structure surrounding the heart.
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nephropathy
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Disease of the kidney.
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cardiac
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Pertaining to the heart.
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peritoneal
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Pertaining to the peritoneum.
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inguinal
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Pertaining to the groin.
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pleural
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Pertaining to the pleura.
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tonsillar
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Pertaining to tonsils.
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pulmonary
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Pertaining to the lungs.
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axillary
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Pertaining to the armpit.
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laryngeal
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Pertaining to the voice box.
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chronic
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Long-term; over a long period of time.
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pathological
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Pertaining to the study of disease.
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adenoids
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"Resembling glands (lymphatic tissue in the throat, near the nose). "
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adipose
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Pertaining to fat.
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mucous
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Pertaining to mucus.
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apnea
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Not breathing.
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anoxia
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Without oxygen (decrease in tissues).
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abnormal
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Pertaining to away from the norm (rule); not regular.
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abductor
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One who (muscle which) leads away from the body. To abduct means to carry away by force; kidnap.
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abductor
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One who (muscle which) leads toward the body. To admit means to send toward or permit entrance.
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adrenal glands
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Endocrine glands located above (toward) the kidneys.
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anabolism
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Process of casting (building) up materials (proteins) within cells.
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analysis
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To separate (apart). Psychoanalysis is a psychiatric treatment that explores the mind. Urinalysis (urin/o + (an)alysis) is laboratory examination of urine to aid in diagnosis.
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ante cibum
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Before meals.
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anteflexion
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Bending forward.
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antepartum
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Before birth.
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antisepsis
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Condition against infection.
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antibiotic
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Pertaining to against life (germ life).
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antigen
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A substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of antibodies.
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antibody
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Protein substance made in the body to destroy foreign antigens.
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antitoxin
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A substance (antibody) produced in response to and capable of neutralizing a toxin (such as those causing diphtheria or tetanus). Antirenin contains antitoxin specific for an animal or insect venom.
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autoimmune
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Related to making antibodies (immune substances) against one's own cells and tissues.
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bifurcation
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Forking (branching) into two; as the trachea bifurcates into two individual tubes.
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bilateral
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Pertaining to two sides.
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bradycardia
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Condition of slow heart beat.
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catabolism
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Process of casting down materials (sugar) to release energy in cells.
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congenital anomaly
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Irregularity at birth.
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connective
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To tie (bind) together. A conference (fer-means to carry or bring) is where people gather together or meet.
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contraindication
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To point out against; as reasons why a drug should not be taken.
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contralateral
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Pertaining to the opposite side.
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dehydration
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Condition of lack of water.
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diameter
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To measure through; as the diameter of a circle.
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diarrhea
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To flow through; water is not properly absorbed through the walls of the colon.
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dialysis
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Complete separation; two types are hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
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dyspnea
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Difficult breathing.
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dysplasia
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"Abnormal (""bad"") development or formation. "
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ectopic pregnancy
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Pregnancy out of the normal place (usually in the fallopian tubes).
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endocardium
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Inner lining (membrane) of the heart.
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endoscope
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"Instrument to view within the body; gastroscope, bronchoscope, laparoscope. "
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endotracheal
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Pertaining to within the trachea.
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epithelium
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"Skin cell; literally, ""upon a nipple."" "
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euphoria
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"Good feeling, ""high."" A eulogy is a speech saying good things about a person after his/her death. "
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euthyroid
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Normal thyroid function.
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exophthalmos
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Eyeballs that protrude.
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hemiglossectomy
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Removal of half the tongue.
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hyperglycemia
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Increase in blood sugar.
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hyperplasia
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Condition of increased formation (increase in number of cells).
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hypertrophy
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Increase in development; increase in size of cells.
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hypodermic
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Pertaining to below the skin.
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hypoglycemia
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Decrease in blood sugar.
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insomniac
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Pertaining to inability to sleep.
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incision
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Process of cutting into; sectioning.
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infracostal
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Pertaining to below ribs.
|
|
|
intercostal
|
Pertaining to between the ribs.
|
|
|
intravenous
|
Pertaining to within a vein.
|
|
|
macrocephaly
|
Pertaining to an enlarged head. A congenital anomaly.
|
|
|
malignant
|
"Harmful, bad; cancerous condition. "
|
|
|
malaise
|
"Feeling of discomfort; ""bad feeling."" "
|
|
|
metacarpal bones
|
Five hand bones (beyond the wrist).
|
|
|
metamorphosis
|
Condition of change of shape or form. A worm-like larva undergoes a change in shape to become a butterfly. This is an example of metamorphosis.
|
|
|
metastasis
|
Beyond control; spreading of a cancerous tumor.
|
|
|
microscope
|
Instrument to view small objects.
|
|
|
neonatal
|
Pertaining to a newborn (infant).
|
|
|
neoplasm
|
New growth; new formation (tumor).
|
|
|
pancytopenia
|
Condition of decrease in all cells (blood cells).
|
|
|
paralysis
|
Abnormal destruction (of nerves) leading to loss of muscle function.
|
|
|
parathyroid glands
|
Endocrine glands located near (on the dorsal side of) the thyroid gland.
|
|
|
percutaneous
|
Pertaining to through the skin.
|
|
|
pericardium
|
Membrane surrounding the heart.
|
|
|
periosteum
|
Membrane surrounding the bone.
|
|
|
polymorphonuclear
|
Pertaining to a many-shaped nucleus; a type of white blood cell.
|
|
|
polyneuritis
|
Inflammation of many nerves.
|
|
|
postmortem
|
After death.
|
|
|
postpartum
|
After childbirth; this most often refers to the mother.
|
|
|
precancerous
|
Pertaining to before cancer; a lesion that may become cancerous.
|
|
|
prenatal
|
Pertaining to before birth.
|
|
|
prodrome
|
Symptoms that appear before the onset of a more severe illness.
|
|
|
prolapse
|
Sliding forward or downward.
|
|
|
pseudocyesis
|
State of false pregnancy.
|
|
|
relapse
|
A sliding back; recurrence of symptoms of disease.
|
|
|
remission
|
To send back; disappearance of symptoms of disease.
|
|
|
recombinant
|
DNA Inserting a gene (region of DNA) from one organism into the DNA of another organism.
|
|
|
retroperitoneal
|
Pertaining to behind the peritoneum.
|
|
|
retroflexion
|
Bending backward.
|
|
|
subcutaneous
|
Pertaining to under the skin.
|
|
|
suprapubic
|
Pertaining to above the pubic bone (part of the pelvic bone).
|
|
|
syndactyly
|
Condition of webbed (held together) fingers or toes; a congenital anomaly.
|
|
|
synthesis
|
"To put, place together, as in protein synthesis or photosynthesis. "
|
|
|
syndrome
|
A group of symptoms that run (occur) together. In synchrony means timed (chron/o) together.
|
|
|
symbiosis
|
"Condition or state of ""life together""; two organisms living together for mutual benefit or not (parasitism). "
|
|
|
symmetry
|
"State of ""measurement together""; equality of parts; mirror images. "
|
|
|
symphysis
|
To grow together; bones that grow together at the joint.
|
|
|
tachypnea
|
Rapid breathing.
|
|
|
transfusion
|
"To pour across, as in transferring blood from one person to another. "
|
|
|
transurethral
|
Pertaining to through the urethra.
|
|
|
ultrasonography
|
Process of recording ultrasound (beyond the normal range) waves.
|
|
|
unilateral
|
Pertaining to one side.
|
|
|
necrotic
|
Pertaining to death (of cells).
|
|
|
angiogram
|
Record (x-ray) of a blood vessel.
|
|
|
angioplasty
|
Surgical repair of a blood vessel.
|
|
|
aortic stenosis
|
Narrowing of the aorta.
|
|
|
arteriosclerosis
|
Hardening of arteries.
|
|
|
arterial anastomosis
|
Surgical connection between arteries.
|
|
|
arteriography
|
Process of recording (x-ray) arteries after injecting contrast material.
|
|
|
endarterectomy
|
Removal of the inner lining of the artery (when it is filled with plaque).
|
|
|
atheroma
|
Collection of fatty material in an artery.
|
|
|
atherosclerosis
|
Hardening of arteries with deposit of fatty substance.
|
|
|
atherectomy
|
Removal of a fatty mass in a vessel.
|
|
|
atrial
|
Pertaining to an upper chamber of the heart.
|
|
|
atrioventricular
|
Pertaining to an atrium and ventricle (upper and lower chambers of the heart).
|
|
|
brachial artery
|
Artery that branches from the aorta to bring blood to the arm.
|
|
|
cardiomegaly
|
Enlargement of the heart.
|
|
|
cardiomyopathy
|
Disease of heart muscle.
|
|
|
bradycardia
|
Condition of slow heartbeat.
|
|
|
tachycardia
|
Condition of fast heartbeat.
|
|
|
hypercholesterolemia
|
Condition of excessive cholesterol in the blood.
|
|
|
coronary arteries
|
Arteries branch from the aorta to bring oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle.
|
|
|
cyanosis
|
Abnormal condition of bluish discoloration due to poor oxygenation of blood.
|
|
|
myxoma
|
Benign tumor of the heart (myx/o = mucus). The tumor is embedded in soft mucoid stromal tissue.
|
|
|
hypoxia
|
Condition of decreased oxygen in inspired air; as occurs in high altitudes.
|
|
|
pericardiocentesis
|
Surgical puncture of the membrane surrounding the heart (to remove fluid).
|
|
|
phlebotomy
|
Incision of a vein.
|
|
|
thrombophlebitis
|
Inflammation of a vein with clots.
|
|
|
sphygmomanometer
|
Instrument to measure blood pressure.
|
|
|
stethoscope
|
Instrument to examine the chest.
|
|
|
thrombolysis
|
Destruction of clots.
|
|
|
valvuloplasty
|
Surgical repair of a valve (within the heart).
|
|
|
mitral valvulitis
|
Inflammation of the mitral valve.
|
|
|
valvotomy
|
Incision of a valve.
|
|
|
vasoconstriction
|
Narrowing of vessels.
|
|
|
vasodilation
|
Widening of vessels.
|
|
|
vascular
|
Pertaining to blood vessels.
|
|
|
venous
|
Pertaining to veins.
|
|
|
venipuncture
|
Incision of a vein for phlebotomy or to start an intravenous infusion.
|
|
|
interventricular septum
|
The wall separating the ventricles of the heart (lower chambers).
|
|
|
perianal
|
Pertaining to surrounding the anus.
|
|
|
appendectomy
|
Removal (resection) of the appendix.
|
|
|
appendicitis
|
Inflammation of the appendix.
|
|
|
buccal mucosa
|
The mucous membrane (mucosa) lining the cheek.
|
|
|
cecal
|
Pertaining to the cecum.
|
|
|
celiac
|
Pertaining to the abdomen.
|
|
|
cheilosis
|
Abnormal condition of the lip.
|
|
|
cholecystectomy
|
Removal of the gallbladder.
|
|
|
choledochotomy
|
Incision of the common bile duct.
|
|
|
colostomy
|
New opening of the colon to the outside of the body.
|
|
|
colonic
|
Pertaining to the colon.
|
|
|
colonoscopy
|
Process of visual examination of the colon.
|
|
|
dentibuccal
|
Pertaining to tooth and cheek.
|
|
|
duodenal
|
Pertaining to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine).
|
|
|
enterocolitis
|
Inflammation of the small and large intestines.
|
|
|
enterocolostomy
|
New opening between the small and large intestines (an anastomosis).
|
|
|
mesentery
|
"Membrane that holds the intestines together (literally, middle of the intestines). "
|
|
|
parenteral
|
Pertaining to apart from the intestines (refers to delivery of substances any way other than through the digestive tract).
|
|
|
esophageal
|
Pertaining to the esophagus.
|
|
|
facial
|
Pertaining to the face.
|
|
|
gastrostomy
|
New opening into the stomach through the abdominal wall. This may be necessary to introduce food into the stomach.
|
|
|
gingivitis
|
Inflammation of the gums.
|
|
|
hypoglossal
|
Pertaining to under the tongue.
|
|
|
hepatoma
|
Tumor (malignant) of the liver; hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
|
|
hepatomegaly
|
Enlargement of the liver.
|
|
|
ileocecal sphincter
|
Pertaining to the ring of muscles between the ileum and the cecum.
|
|
|
ileitis
|
Inflammation of the ileum.
|
|
|
ileostomy
|
New opening of the ileum to the outside of the body.
|
|
|
choledochojejunostomy
|
New opening between the common bile duct and the jejunum; anastomosis.
|
|
|
gastrojejunostomy
|
New opening between the stomach and the jejunum; anastomosis.
|
|
|
labial
|
Pertaining to the lip.
|
|
|
laparoscopy
|
Visual examination of the abdomen.
|
|
|
sublingual
|
Pertaining to under the tongue.
|
|
|
submandibular
|
Pertaining to under the lower jaw.
|
|
|
orthodontist
|
Dentist specializing in straightening teeth.
|
|
|
periodontist
|
Dentist specializing in gums.
|
|
|
endodontist
|
Dentist specializing in operating within the tooth (root canal specialist).
|
|
|
oral
|
Pertaining to the mouth.
|
|
|
palatoplasty
|
Surgical repair of the palate.
|
|
|
pancreatitis
|
Inflammation of the pancreas.
|
|
|
peritonitis
|
Inflammation of the peritoneum.
|
|
|
pharyngeal
|
Pertaining to the throat.
|
|
|
proctologist
|
Specialist in the anus and rectum.
|
|
|
pyloroplasty
|
Surgical repair of the pyloric sphincter.
|
|
|
rectocele
|
Hernia of the rectum.
|
|
|
sialadenitis
|
Inflammation of salivary glands.
|
|
|
sigmoidoscopy
|
Visual examination of the sigmoid colon.
|
|
|
stomatitis
|
Inflammation of the mouth.
|
|
|
amylase
|
Enzyme that digests starch.
|
|
|
biliary
|
Pertaining to bile.
|
|
|
hyperbilirubinemia
|
Excess bilirubin in the blood.
|
|
|
cholelithiasis
|
Abnormal condition of gall stones.
|
|
|
achlorhydria
|
Lack of hydrochloric acid.
|
|
|
gluconeogenesis
|
Production of new sugar from proteins and fats (by the liver).
|
|
|
hyperglycemia
|
High blood sugar.
|
|
|
glycogenolysis
|
Breakdown of glycogen to form sugar (glucose).
|
|
|
lipoma
|
Tumor of fat (benign).
|
|
|
cholecystolithiasis
|
Condition of stones in the gallbladder.
|
|
|
protease
|
Enzyme that digests protein.
|
|
|
sialolith
|
Salivary (gland) stone.
|
|
|
steatorrhea
|
Discharge of fats (in feces).
|
|
|
lipase
|
Enzyme to digest fats.
|
|
|
hematochezia
|
Bright red blood in the feces.
|
|
|
choledocholithiasis
|
Condition of stones in the common bile duct.
|
|
|
postprandial
|
Pertaining to after meals.
|
|
|
bronchiectasis
|
Dilation of bronchial tubes.
|
|
|
lymphangiectasia
|
Dilation of lymph vessels.
|
|
|
hematemesis
|
Vomiting blood (from the digestive tract).
|
|
|
hemolysis
|
Destruction of blood.
|
|
|
dyspepsia
|
Difficult digestion; indigestion.
|
|
|
polyphagia
|
Much (over) eating.
|
|
|
dysphagia
|
Difficult swallowing.
|
|
|
odynophagia
|
Painful swallowing.
|
|
|
rhinoplasty
|
Surgical repair of the nose.
|
|
|
blepharoplasty
|
Surgical repair of the eyelid.
|
|
|
proptosis
|
Forward protrusion of the eye.
|
|
|
hemoptysis
|
Spitting up blood (from the respiratory tract).
|
|
|
hemorrhage
|
Bursting forth of blood.
|
|
|
menorrhagia
|
Heavy discharge of blood during menstruation.
|
|
|
herniorrhaphy
|
Suture (repair) of a hernia.
|
|
|
dysmenorrhea
|
Painful menstruation.
|
|
|
pylorospasm
|
Involuntary contraction of the pyloric sphincter.
|
|
|
bronchospasm
|
"Sudden, involuntary contraction of bronchial tubes (as during an asthmatic attack). "
|
|
|
cholestasis
|
Stoppage of the flow of bile.
|
|
|
hemostasis
|
Stoppage of blood flow.
|
|
|
pyloric stenosis
|
Narrowing of the pyloric sphincter.
|
|
|
atresia
|
Not open (no opening).
|
|
|
esophageal atresia
|
No opening of the esophagus (into the stomach).
|
|
|
biliary atresia
|
No opening of the bile ducts (into the duodenum).
|
|
|
buccal
|
Pertaining to the cheek.
|
|
|
cecal volvulus
|
Twisting of a part of the cecum upon itself.
|
|
|
celiac artery
|
Artery carrying blood to the abdomen.
|
|
|
cheilosis
|
Abnormal condition of the lip.
|
|
|
cholelithiasis
|
Abnormal condition of gallstones.
|
|
|
cholangiectasis
|
Dilation of bile vessels.
|
|
|
cholecystectomy
|
Removal of the gallbladder.
|
|
|
choledochal
|
Pertaining to the common bile duct.
|
|
|
colectomy
|
Removal of the colon.
|
|
|
colonoscopy
|
Visual examination of the colon.
|
|
|
dentalgia
|
Pain in a tooth.
|
|
|
gastroduodenal anastomosis
|
New opening between the stomach and the duodenum.
|
|
|
gastroenteritis
|
Inflammation of the stomach and intestines.
|
|
|
esophageal atresia
|
Closure of the esophagus.
|
|
|
gastrojejunostomy
|
New opening between the stomach and the jejunum.
|
|
|
gingivectomy
|
Removal of gums.
|
|
|
glossopharyngeal
|
Pertaining to the tongue and throat.
|
|
|
glycolysis
|
Breakdown of sugar.
|
|
|
hepatomegaly
|
Enlargement of the liver.
|
|
|
herniorrhaphy
|
Suture of a hernia.
|
|
|
ileostomy
|
New opening of the ileum to the outside of the body.
|
|
|
cholecystojejunostomy
|
New opening between the gallbladder and the jejunum.
|
|
|
labioglossopharyngeal
|
"Pertaining to the lips, tongue, and throat. "
|
|
|
sublingual
|
Pertaining to under the tongue.
|
|
|
lipase
|
Enzyme to digest fat.
|
|
|
cholecystolithiasis
|
Abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder.
|
|
|
periodontal membrane
|
Membrane surrounding a tooth.
|
|
|
oropharynx
|
The region of the throat near the mouth.
|
|
|
palatoplasty
|
Surgical repair of the palate.
|
|
|
pancreatic
|
Pertaining to the pancreas.
|
|
|
proctosigmoidoscopy
|
Visual examination of the anus and rectum.
|
|
|
pyloric stenosis
|
Narrowing of the pyloric sphincter.
|
|
|
rectosigmoidoscopy
|
Visual examination of the sigmoid colon and rectum.
|
|
|
sialadenectomy
|
Removal of a salivary gland.
|
|
|
splenic flexure
|
Area of the colon that bends downward near the spleen.
|
|
|
steatorrhea
|
Discharge of fat in feces.
|
|
|
aphthous stomatitis
|
Inflammation of the mouth with small ulcers.
|
|
|
cerebellar
|
Pertaining to the cerebellum.
|
|
|
cerebrospinal fluid
|
Fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord and is located within the ventricles of the brain.
|
|
|
cerebral cortex
|
The outer region (gray matter) of the cerebrum.
|
|
|
subdural hematoma
|
Collection of blood under the dura mater (outermost layer of the meninges).
|
|
|
epidural hematoma
|
Collection of blood above the dura mater.
|
|
|
encephalitis
|
Inflammation of the brain.
|
|
|
encephalopathy
|
Any disease of the brain.
|
|
|
anencephaly
|
Condition of no brain (congenital anomaly).
|
|
|
glial cells
|
"Supportive and connective cells of the nervous system (important in formation of myelin, transport of materials to neurons, and maintenance of cellular environment). "
|
|
|
glioblastoma
|
Tumour (malignant) of glial (neuroglial or supportive) cells in the brain.
|
|
|
leptomeningitis
|
Inflammation of the pia mater and arachnoid membrane.
|
|
|
meningeal
|
Pertaining to the meninges.
|
|
|
meningioma
|
Tumor of the meninges.
|
|
|
meningomyelocele
|
Hernia of the meninges and spinal cord.
|
|
|
myoneural
|
Pertaining to muscle and nerve.
|
|
|
myelogram
|
Record (x-ray) of the spinal cord.
|
|
|
poliomyelitis
|
Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord.
|
|
|
neuropathy
|
Disease of nerves.
|
|
|
polyneuritis
|
"Inflammation of many (spinal) nerves, causing paralysis, pain, and wasting of muscles. Gullain-Barré syndrome (sequela of certain viral infections with paresthesias and muscular weakness) is an example. "
|
|
|
cerebellopontine
|
Pertaining to the cerebellum and the pons.
|
|
|
radiculopathy
|
Disease of the spinal nerve roots.
|
|
|
radiculitis
|
Inflammation of nerve roots.
|
|
|
thalamic
|
Pertaining to the thalamus.
|
|
|
intrathecal injection
|
Placement of substances (medications) into the subarachnoid space.
|
|
|
vagal
|
Pertaining to the vagus (10th cranial) nerve.
|
|
|
analgesia
|
Condition of no sensation of pain (usually accompanied by sedation without loss of consciousness).
|
|
|
hypalgesia
|
Diminished sensation to pain.
|
|
|
neuralgia
|
Nerve pain.
|
|
|
cephalgia
|
Headache (head pain).
|
|
|
causalgia
|
Burning sensation of pain (in the skin); usually following injury to sensory fibers of a peripheral nerve.
|
|
|
comatose
|
"In a state of coma (profound unconsciousness from which one cannot be roused; may be due to trauma, disease, or action of ingested toxic substance). "
|
|
|
anesthesia
|
Condition of no nervous sensation.
|
|
|
hyperesthesia
|
"Excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli. "
|
|
|
paresthesia
|
"An abnormal sensation such as numbness, tingling, or pricking. "
|
|
|
bradykinesia
|
Slowness of movement.
|
|
|
hyperkinesis
|
Condition of excessive movement (muscular activity).
|
|
|
akinetic
|
Pertaining to without movement.
|
|
|
epilepsy
|
Chronic disorder marked by attacks of brain dysfunction due to excessive firing of nervous impulses.
|
|
|
narcolepsy
|
"Sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep (seizure of sleep). "
|
|
|
dyslexia
|
"Disorder of reading, writing, or learning (despite the ability to see and recognize letters). "
|
|
|
hemiparesis
|
Slight paralysis in either the right or left half of the body.
|
|
|
aphasia
|
Condition of inability to speak.
|
|
|
hemiplegia
|
Paralysis in half of the body.
|
|
|
paraplegia
|
Paralysis in the lower portion of the body.
|
|
|
quadriplegia
|
Paralysis of all four limbs of the body.
|
|
|
apraxia
|
Inability to carry out familiar purposeful movements (in the absence of paralysis or sensory or motor impairment).
|
|
|
neurasthenia
|
Condition of lack of nerve strength; nervous exhaustion and weakness.
|
|
|
syncopal
|
Pertaining to syncope (fainting).
|
|
|
ataxia
|
No muscular coordination (often caused by cerebellar dysfunction).
|
|
|
adenoid hypertrophy
|
Excessive development (enlargement) of adenoids.
|
|
|
adenoidectomy
|
Removal of adenoids.
|
|
|
alveolar
|
Pertaining to an alveolus.
|
|
|
anosmia
|
Absence of the sense of smell.
|
|
|
apnea
|
Stoppage of breathing.
|
|
|
asphyxia
|
Decrease in the amount of oxygen and increase in amount of carbon dioxide in the blood leading to absence of pulse.
|
|
|
atelectasis
|
Incomplete expansion of a lung (collapsed lung).
|
|
|
bronchiectasis
|
Dilation of bronchial tubes.
|
|
|
bronchiolitis
|
Inflammation of bronchioles.
|
|
|
bronchodilator
|
A substance (chemical or drug) that widens bronchial tubes to make breathing easier.
|
|
|
bronchospasm
|
Involuntary contraction of muscles in the walls of bronchial tubes.
|
|
|
cyanosis
|
Condition of bluish coloration of skin caused by decreased oxygen in the blood.
|
|
|
dysphonia
|
Difficult (abnormal) voice; hoarseness or any voice impairment.
|
|
|
dyspnea
|
Difficult breathing.
|
|
|
empyema
|
Pus in the pleural cavity.
|
|
|
epiglottitis
|
Inflammation of the epiglottis.
|
|
|
expectoration
|
Expulsion of material (mucus or phlegm).
|
|
|
expiration
|
The expulsion of air from the lungs.
|
|
|
hemoptysis
|
Spitting up blood.
|
|
|
hemothorax
|
"Blood in the pleural cavity; seen in pneumonia, tuberculosis, or carcinoma."
|
|
|
hypercapnia
|
Excessive carbon dioxide in the blood.
|
|
|
hyperpnea
|
Increase in depth of breathing.
|
|
|
hypoxia
|
Deficiency of oxygen (anoxia) due to decreased oxygen in blood.
|
|
|
laryngeal
|
Pertaining to the larynx.
|
|
|
laryngitis
|
Inflammation of the voice box.
|
|
|
laryngospasm
|
Contraction of the muscles of the larynx.
|
|
|
lobectomy
|
Removal of a lobe (of the lung).
|
|
|
mediastinoscopy
|
Visual examination of the mediastinum.
|
|
|
nasogastric tube
|
Tube placed from the nose into the stomach.
|
|
|
orthopnea
|
"Breathing discomfort in any position but erect, sitting, or standing straight. "
|
|
|
paranasal sinuses
|
"Pertaining to spaces in the skull that are near, alongside, the nose and nasal cavities. "
|
|
|
pharyngeal
|
Pertaining to the throat.
|
|
|
phrenic nerve
|
Nerve carrying messages from the brain to the diaphragm.
|
|
|
pleural effusion
|
Fluid collects in the pleural cavity (space).
|
|
|
pleurodynia
|
Pain associated with inflammation of irritation of pleura (or pain from intercostal muscles).
|
|
|
pneumoconiosis
|
Abnormal condition of dust in the lungs.
|
|
|
pneumonectomy
|
Removal of a lung.
|
|
|
pneumothorax
|
Air within the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs.
|
|
|
pulmonary
|
Pertaining to lungs.
|
|
|
pyothorax
|
Pus in the pleural cavity (empyema of the chest).
|
|
|
respiration
|
Breathing (inspiration and expiration).
|
|
|
rhinoplasty
|
Surgical repair of the nose.
|
|
|
rhinorrhea
|
Discharge from the nose.
|
|
|
sinusitis
|
Inflammation of sinuses.
|
|
|
spirometer
|
Instrument to measure breathing (the air taken into and exhaled from the lungs).
|
|
|
tachypnea
|
Increase in rate of breathing; shallow respirations.
|
|
|
thoracic
|
Pertaining to the chest.
|
|
|
thoracotomy
|
Incision of the chest.
|
|
|
tonsillectomy
|
Removal of tonsils.
|
|
|
tracheal stenosis
|
Pertaining to narrowing of the trachea.
|
|
|
tracheotomy
|
Incision of the trachea.
|
|
|
Aden/o
|
Gland
|
|
|
Arthr/o
|
Joint
|
|
|
Bi/o
|
Life
|
|
|
Carcin/o
|
Cancerous, Cancer
|
|
|
Cardi/o
|
Heart
|
|
|
Cephal/o
|
Head
|
|
|
Cerebr/o
|
Cerebrum (largest part of brain)
|
|
|
Cis/o
|
To cut
|
|
|
Crin/o
|
Secrete (to form and give off)
|
|
|
Cyst/o
|
Urinary bladder, a sac or cyst
|
|
|
Cyt/o
|
Cell
|
|
|
Derm/o
|
Skin
|
|
|
Dermat/o
|
Skin
|
|
|
Electr/o
|
Electricity
|
|
|
Encephal/o
|
Brain
|
|
|
Enter/o
|
Intestines
|
|
|
Erythr/o
|
Red
|
|
|
Gastr/o
|
Stomach
|
|
|
Gnos/o
|
Knowledge
|
|
|
Gynec/o
|
Woman, female
|
|
|
Hemat/o
|
Blood
|
|
|
Hem/o
|
Blood
|
|
|
Hepat/o
|
Liver
|
|
|
Iatr/o
|
Treatment
|
|
|
Leuk/o
|
White
|
|
|
Nephr/o
|
Kidney
|
|
|
Neur/o
|
Nerve
|
|
|
Onc/o
|
Tumor
|
|
|
Ophthalm/o
|
Eye
|
|
|
Oste/o
|
Bone
|
|
|
Path/o
|
Disease
|
|
|
Ped/o
|
Child
|
|
|
Psych/o
|
Mind
|
|
|
Radi/o
|
x-rays
|
|
|
Ren/o
|
Kidney
|
|
|
Rhin/o
|
Nose
|
|
|
Sarc/o
|
Flesh
|
|
|
Sect/o
|
To cut
|
|
|
Thromb/o
|
Clot, clotting
|
|
|
Ur/o
|
Urinary tract, urine
|
|
|
-ac
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-al
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-algia
|
Pain
|
|
|
-cyte
|
Cell
|
|
|
-ectomy
|
Excision, removal
|
|
|
-emia
|
Blood condition
|
|
|
-genic
|
Pertaining to producing, produced by, or produced in
|
|
|
-gram
|
Record
|
|
|
-ic -ical
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-ion
|
Process
|
|
|
-ist
|
Specialist
|
|
|
-itis
|
Inflammation
|
|
|
-logy
|
Study of
|
|
|
-oma
|
Tumor, mass, swelling
|
|
|
-opsy
|
Process of viewing
|
|
|
-osis
|
Condition, usually abnormal
|
|
|
-pathy
|
Disease condition
|
|
|
-scope
|
Instruments to visually examine
|
|
|
-scopy
|
Process of visually examining
|
|
|
-sis
|
State of
|
|
|
-tomy
|
Process of cutting, incision
|
|
|
-y
|
Process, condition
|
|
|
a-, an-
|
No, not, without
|
|
|
Auto-
|
Self
|
|
|
Dia-
|
Through, complete
|
|
|
Endo-
|
Within
|
|
|
Epi-
|
Above, upon
|
|
|
Ex-
|
Out
|
|
|
Exo-
|
Out
|
|
|
Hyper-
|
Excessive, above, more than normal
|
|
|
Hypo-
|
Deficient, below, under, less than normal
|
|
|
In-
|
Into, in
|
|
|
Peri-
|
Surrounding, around
|
|
|
Pro-
|
Before, forward
|
|
|
Re-
|
Back, backward, again
|
|
|
Retro-
|
Behind
|
|
|
Sub-
|
Below, under
|
|
|
Trans-
|
Across, through
|
|
|
Abdomin/o
|
Abdomen
|
|
|
Adip/o
|
Fat
|
|
|
Anter/o
|
Front
|
|
|
Bol/o
|
To cast (throw)
|
|
|
Cervic/o
|
Neck (of body or of uterus
|
|
|
Chondr/o
|
Cartilage (type of connective tissue)
|
|
|
Chrom/o
|
Color
|
|
|
Coccyg/o
|
Coccyx (tailbone)
|
|
|
Crani/o
|
Skull
|
|
|
Cyt/o
|
Cell
|
|
|
Dist/o
|
Far, distant
|
|
|
Dors/o
|
Back portion of the body
|
|
|
Hist/o
|
Tissue
|
|
|
Ili/o
|
Ilium (part of the pelvic bone
|
|
|
Inguin/o
|
Groin
|
|
|
Kary/o
|
Nucleus
|
|
|
Later/o
|
Side
|
|
|
Lumb/o
|
Lower back (side and back b/t lower pubis)
|
|
|
Medi/o
|
Middle
|
|
|
Nucle/o
|
Nucleus
|
|
|
Pelv/o
|
Hip, pelvic cavity
|
|
|
Poster/o
|
Back, behind
|
|
|
Proxim/o
|
Nearest
|
|
|
Sacr/o
|
Sacrum
|
|
|
Sarc/o
|
Flesh
|
|
|
Spin/o
|
Spine, backbone
|
|
|
Thel/o
|
Nipple
|
|
|
Thorac/o
|
Chest
|
|
|
Trache/o
|
Trachea, windpipe
|
|
|
Umbilic/o
|
Navel, umbilicus
|
|
|
Ventr/o
|
Belly side of the body
|
|
|
Viscer/o
|
Internal organs
|
|
|
PrefixesAna-
|
Up
|
|
|
Cata-
|
Down
|
|
|
Epi-
|
Above
|
|
|
Hypo-
|
Below
|
|
|
Inter-
|
Between
|
|
|
Meta-
|
Change
|
|
|
-eal
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-iac
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-ior
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-ism
|
Process
|
|
|
-ose
|
Pertainint to, full of
|
|
|
-plasm
|
Formation
|
|
|
-somes
|
Bodies
|
|
|
-type
|
Picture, classification
|
|
|
1. Hypogastric region
|
Area below the stomach
|
|
|
2. Mediastinum
|
Space between the lungs
|
|
|
3. Spinal cord
|
Nervous issue within the spinal cavity
|
|
|
4. Diaphragm
|
Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities
|
|
|
5. Intervertebral disc
|
Pad of cartilage between each vertebra
|
|
|
6. Pleural cavity
|
Space surrounding each lung
|
|
|
7. Spinal column
|
Bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity
|
|
|
8. Inguinal areas
|
Areas near the groin
|
|
|
9. Peritoneum
|
Membrane surrounding the abdominal organs
|
|
|
10. Umbilical Region
|
Area of the navel
|
|
|
11. Epigastric Region
|
Area above the stomach
|
|
|
Abdomin/o
|
Abdomen
|
|
|
Acr/o
|
Extremities, top, extreme point
|
|
|
Acu/o
|
Sharp, severe, sudden
|
|
|
Aden/o
|
Gland
|
|
|
Agor/a
|
Marketplace
|
|
|
Amni/o
|
Amnion (sac around embryo)
|
|
|
Angi/o
|
Vessel
|
|
|
Arteri/o
|
Artery
|
|
|
Axill/o
|
Armpit
|
|
|
Arthr/o
|
Joint
|
|
|
Blephar/o
|
Eyelid
|
|
|
Bronch/o
|
Bronchial tubes
|
|
|
Carcin/o
|
Cancer
|
|
|
Chem/o
|
Drug, chemical
|
|
|
Chondr/o
|
Cartilage
|
|
|
Chron/o
|
Time
|
|
|
Col/o
|
Colon (large intestine)
|
|
|
Cyst/o
|
Urinary bladder
|
|
|
Encephal/o
|
Brain
|
|
|
Hydr/o
|
Water, fluid
|
|
|
Inguin/o
|
Groin
|
|
|
Isch/o
|
To hold back
|
|
|
Lapar/o
|
Abdomen, abdominal wall
|
|
|
Laryng/o
|
Larynx (voice box)
|
|
|
Lymph/o
|
Lymph
|
|
|
Mamm/o
|
Breast
|
|
|
Mast/o
|
Breast
|
|
|
Muc/o
|
Mucus
|
|
|
Morph/o
|
Shape, form
|
|
|
My/o
|
Muscle
|
|
|
Myel/o
|
Spinal cord, bone marrow
|
|
|
Necr/o
|
Death (of cells or whole body)
|
|
|
Nephr/o
|
Kidney
|
|
|
Neur/o
|
Nerve
|
|
|
Neutr/o
|
Neutrophil (a white blood cell)
|
|
|
Ophthalm/o
|
Eye
|
|
|
Oste/o
|
Bone
|
|
|
Ot/o
|
Ear
|
|
|
Path/o
|
Disease
|
|
|
Peritone/o
|
Peritoneum
|
|
|
Phag/o
|
To eat, swallow
|
|
|
Phleb/o
|
Vein
|
|
|
Plas/o
|
Formation, development
|
|
|
Pleur/o
|
Pleura (surrounding lungs)
|
|
|
Pneumon/o
|
Lungs
|
|
|
Plumon/o
|
Lungs
|
|
|
Rect/o
|
Rectum
|
|
|
Ren/o
|
Kidney
|
|
|
Sarc/o
|
Flesh
|
|
|
Splen/o
|
Spleen
|
|
|
Stapohyl/o
|
Cluster
|
|
|
Strept/o
|
Twisted chains
|
|
|
Thorac/o
|
Chest
|
|
|
Thromb/o
|
Clot
|
|
|
Tonsil/o
|
Tonsils
|
|
|
Trache/o
|
Trachea (windpipe)
|
|
|
Ven/o
|
vein
|
|
|
-algia
|
Pain
|
|
|
-cele
|
Hernia
|
|
|
-centesis
|
Surgical puncture to remove fluid
|
|
|
-coccus
|
Berry shaped bacterium (pl.bacteria)
|
|
|
-cyte
|
Cell
|
|
|
-dynia
|
Pain
|
|
|
-ectomy
|
Excision, removal, resection
|
|
|
-emia
|
Blood condition
|
|
|
-genesis
|
Condition of producing, forming
|
|
|
-genic
|
Pertaining to producing, produced by or in
|
|
|
-gram
|
Record
|
|
|
-graph
|
Instrument for recording
|
|
|
-graphy
|
Process of recording
|
|
|
-itis
|
Inflammation
|
|
|
-logy
|
Study of
|
|
|
-lysis
|
Breakdown, destruction, separation
|
|
|
-malacia
|
Softening
|
|
|
-megaly
|
Enlargement
|
|
|
-oma
|
Tumor, mass, collection of fluid
|
|
|
-opsy
|
To view
|
|
|
-osis
|
Condition, usually abnormal
|
|
|
-pathy
|
Disease condition
|
|
|
-penia
|
Deficiency
|
|
|
-phobia
|
Fear
|
|
|
-plasia
|
Development, formation, growth
|
|
|
-plasty
|
Surgical repair
|
|
|
-ptosis
|
Drooping, sagging, prolapse
|
|
|
-sclerosis
|
Hardening
|
|
|
-scope
|
Instrument for visual examination
|
|
|
-scopy
|
Process of visual examination
|
|
|
-stasis
|
Stopping, controlling
|
|
|
-stomy
|
Opening to form a mouth (stoma)
|
|
|
-therapy
|
Treatment
|
|
|
-tomy
|
Incision, to cut into
|
|
|
-trophy
|
Development, nourishment
|
|
|
-er
|
One who
|
|
|
-ia
|
Condition
|
|
|
-ist
|
Specialist
|
|
|
-ole
|
Little, small
|
|
|
-ule
|
Little, small
|
|
|
-um, -ium
|
Structure, tissue, thing
|
|
|
-y
|
Condition, process
|
|
|
-ac, -iac
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-al
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-ar
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-ary
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-eal
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-ic, ical
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-oid
|
Resembling
|
|
|
-ose
|
Pertaining to, full of
|
|
|
-ous
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
-tic
|
Pertaining to
|
|
|
Carp/o
|
Wrist bones
|
|
|
Cib/o
|
Meals
|
|
|
Cis/o
|
To cut
|
|
|
Cost/o
|
Rib
|
|
|
Cutane/o
|
Skin
|
|
|
Dactyl/o
|
Fingers, toes
|
|
|
Duct/o
|
To lead, carry
|
|
|
Flex/o
|
To bend
|
|
|
Furc/o
|
Forking, branching
|
|
|
Gloss/o
|
Tounge
|
|
|
Glyc/o
|
Sugar
|
|
|
Immun/o
|
Protection
|
|
|
Morph/o
|
Shape, form
|
|
|
Mort/o
|
Death
|
|
|
Nat/i
|
Birth
|
|
|
Nect/o
|
To bind, tie, connect
|
|
|
Norm/o
|
Rule, order
|
|
|
Ox/o
|
Oxygen
|
|
|
Pub/o
|
Pubis, anterior portion
|
|
|
Seps/o
|
Infection
|
|
|
Somn/o
|
Sleep
|
|
|
Son/o
|
Sound
|
|
|
The/o
|
To put, place
|
|
|
Thel/o
|
Nipple
|
|
|
Thyr/o
|
Shield, the shape of the thyroid
|
|
|
Top/o
|
Place, position, location
|
|
|
Tox/o
|
Poison
|
|
|
Trache/o
|
Windpipe, trachea
|
|
|
Urethr/o
|
Urethra
|
|
|
-blast
|
Embryonic, immature
|
|
|
-cyesis
|
Pregnancy
|
|
|
-drome
|
To run
|
|
|
-fusion
|
Coming together, to pour
|
|
|
-gen
|
Producing, forming
|
|
|
-lapse
|
To slide, fall, sag
|
|
|
-lysis
|
Breakdown, separation loosening
|
|
|
-meter
|
To measure
|
|
|
-mission
|
To send
|
|
|
-or
|
One who
|
|
|
-partum
|
Birth, labor
|
|
|
-phoria
|
To bear, carry, feeling (mental state)
|
|
|
-physis
|
To grow
|
|
|
-plasia
|
Development, formation
|
|
|
-plasm
|
Development, formation
|
|
|
-pnea
|
Breathing
|
|
|
-ptosis
|
Droop, sag, prolapse
|
|
|
-rrhea
|
Flow, discharge
|
|
|
-stasis
|
Stop, control, place
|
|
|
-trophy
|
Nourishment, development
|
|
|
a-, an-
|
No, not, without
|
|
|
Ab-
|
Away from
|
|
|
Ad-
|
Toward
|
|
|
Ana-
|
Up, apart
|
|
|
Ante-
|
Before, forward
|
|
|
Anti-
|
Against
|
|
|
Auto-
|
Self, own
|
|
|
Bi-
|
Two
|
|
|
Brady-
|
Slow
|
|
|
Cata-
|
Down
|
|
|
Con-
|
With, together
|
|
|
Contra-
|
Against, opposite
|
|
|
De-
|
Down, lack of
|
|
|
Dia-
|
Through, complete
|
|
|
Dys-
|
Bad, painful, difficult, abnormal
|
|
|
Ec-, ecto-
|
Out, outside
|
|
|
En-, endo-
|
In, within
|
|
|
Epi-
|
Upon, on, above
|
|
|
Eu-
|
Good, normal
|
|
|
Ex-
|
Out, away from
|
|
|
Hemi-
|
Half
|
|
|
Hyper-
|
Excessive, above
|
|
|
Hypo-
|
Deficient, under
|
|
|
In-
|
Not
|
|
|
In-
|
Into, within
|
|
|
Infra-
|
Beneath
|
|
|
Inter-
|
Between
|
|
|
Intra-
|
Into, within
|
|
|
Macro-
|
Large
|
|
|
Mal-
|
Bad
|
|
|
Meta-
|
Beyond, change
|
|
|
Micro-
|
Small
|
|
|
Neo-
|
New
|
|
|
Pan-
|
All
|
|
|
Para-
|
Abnormal, beside, near
|
|
|
Per-
|
Through
|
|
|
Peri-
|
Surrounding
|
|
|
Poly-
|
Many, much
|
|
|
Post-
|
After, behind
|
|
|
Pre-
|
Before, in front of
|
|
|
Pro-
|
Before, forward
|
|
|
Pseudo-
|
False
|
|
|
Re-
|
Back, again
|
|
|
Retro-
|
Behind, backward
|
|
|
Sub-
|
Under
|
|
|
Supra-
|
Above, upper
|
|
|
Syn-, sym-
|
Together with
|
|
|
Tachy-
|
Fast
|
|
|
Trans-
|
Across, through
|
|
|
Ultra-
|
Beyond, excess
|
|
|
Uni-
|
One
|
|
|
An/o
|
Anus
|
|
|
Append/o
|
Appendix
|
|
|
Appendic/o
|
Appendix
|
|
|
Bucc/o
|
Cheek
|
|
|
Cec/o
|
Cecum
|
|
|
Celi/o
|
Belly, abdomen
|
|
|
Cheil/o
|
Lip
|
|
|
Cholecyst/o
|
Gallbladder
|
|
|
Choledoch/o
|
Common bile duct
|
|
|
Col/o
|
Colon, large intestine
|
|
|
Colon/o
|
Colon
|
|
|
Dent/i
|
Tooth
|
|
|
Duoden/o
|
Duodenum
|
|
|
Enter/o
|
Intestines, usually small interstine
|
|
|
Faci/o
|
Face
|
|
|
Gastr/o
|
Stomach
|
|
|
Gingiv/o
|
Gums
|
|
|
Gloss/o
|
Tongue
|
|
|
Hepat/o
|
Liver
|
|
|
Ile/o
|
Ileum
|
|
|
Jejun/o
|
Jejunum
|
|
|
Labi/o
|
Lip
|
|
|
Lapar/o
|
Abdomen
|
|
|
Lingu/o
|
Tongue
|
|
|
Madibul/o
|
Lower jaw, mandible
|
|
|
Odont/o
|
Tooth
|
|
|
Or/o
|
Mouth
|
|
|
Palat/o
|
Palate
|
|
|
Pancreat/o
|
Pancreas
|
|
|
Peritone/o
|
Peritoneum
|
|
|
Pharyng/o
|
Throat
|
|
|
Proct/o
|
Anus and rectum
|
|
|
Pylor/o
|
Pyloric sphincter
|
|
|
Rect/o
|
Rectum
|
|
|
Sialaden/o
|
Salicary gland
|
|
|
Sigmoid/o
|
Sigmoid colon
|
|
|
Stomat/o
|
Mouth
|
|
|
Amyl/o
|
Starch
|
|
|
Bil/i
|
Gall, bile
|
|
|
Bilirubin/o
|
Bilirubin (bile pigment)
|
|
|
Chol/e
|
Gall, bile
|
|
|
Chlorhydr/o
|
Hydrochloric acid
|
|
|
Gluc/o
|
Sugar
|
|
|
Glyc/o
|
Sugar
|
|
|
Glycogen/o
|
Glycogen, animal starch
|
|
|
Lip/o
|
Fat, lipid
|
|
|
Lith/o
|
Stone
|
|
|
Prote/o
|
Protein
|
|
|
Sial/o
|
Saliva, salivary
|
|
|
Steat/o
|
Fat
|
|
|
-ase
|
Enzyme
|
|
|
-chezia
|
Defecation, elimination of waste
|
|
|
-iasis
|
Abnormal condition
|
|
|
-prandial
|
Meal
|
|
|
-ectasis, -ectasia
|
Stretching, dilation, dilatation
|
|
|
-emesis
|
Vomiting
|
|
|
-lysis
|
Destruction, breakdown, separation
|
|
|
-pepsia
|
Digestion
|
|
|
-phagia
|
Eating, swallowing
|
|
|
-plasty
|
Surgical repair
|
|
|
-ptosis
|
Prolapse, fall, sag
|
|
|
-ptysis
|
Spitting
|
|
|
-rrhage, rrhagia
|
Bursting forth
|
|
|
-rrhaphy
|
Suture
|
|
|
-spasm
|
Sudden, involuntary contraction of muscles
|
|
|
-stasis
|
To stop; control
|
|
|
-stenosis
|
Tightening, stricture, narrowing
|
|
|
-tresia
|
Opening
|
|
|
Cholangi/o
|
Bile vessel
|
|
|
Esophag/o
|
Esophagus
|
|
|
Herni/o
|
Rupture, protrusion, hernia
|
|
|
Lip/o
|
Fat, lipid
|
|
|
Splen/o
|
Spleen
|
|
|
Stomat/o
|
Mouth
|
|
|
Cerebell/o
|
Cerebellum
|
|
|
Cerebr/o
|
Cerebrum
|
|
|
Dur/o
|
Dura mater
|
|
|
Encephal/o
|
Brain
|
|
|
Gli/o
|
Glue, parts of the nervous system that support and connect
|
|
|
Lept/o
|
Thin, slender
|
|
|
Mening/o
|
Membranes
|
|
|
Meningi/o
|
Meninges
|
|
|
My/o
|
Muscle
|
|
|
Myel/o
|
Spinal cord (means bone marrow in other contexts)
|
|
|
Neur/o
|
Nerve
|
|
|
Pont/o
|
Pons
|
|
|
Radicul/o
|
Nerve root (of spinal nerves)
|
|
|
Thalam/o
|
Thalamus
|
|
|
Thec/o
|
Sheath (refers to the meninges)
|
|
|
Vag/o
|
Vagus nerve (10th cranial nerve)
|
|
|
Alges/o
|
Excessive
|
|
|
-algesia
|
Sensitivity to pain
|
|
|
-algia
|
Pain
|
|
|
Caus/o
|
Burning
|
|
|
Comat/o
|
Deep sleep
|
|
|
Esthesi/o
|
Feeling
|
|
|
-esthesia
|
Nervous sensation
|
|
|
Kines/o –kinesia
|
Movement
|
|
|
-kinesis
|
Movement
|
|
|
-kinetic
|
Movement
|
|
|
-lepsy
|
Seizure
|
|
|
Lex/o
|
Word, phrase
|
|
|
-paresis
|
Slight paralysis
|
|
|
-phasia
|
Speech
|
|
|
-plegia
|
Paralysis (loss or impairment of the ability to move parts of the body)
|
|
|
-praxia
|
Action
|
|
|
-sthenia
|
Strength
|
|
|
Syncop/o
|
To cut off, cut short
|
|
|
Tax/o
|
Order/coordination
|
|
|
Angi/o
|
Vessel
|
|
|
Aort/o
|
Aorta
|
|
|
Arter/o
|
Artery
|
|
|
Arther/o
|
Yellowish plaque, fatty substance
|
|
|
Atri/o
|
Atrium, upper heart chamber
|
|
|
Brachi/o
|
Arm
|
|
|
Cardi/o
|
Heart
|
|
|
Cholesterol/o
|
Cholesterol (a lipid substance)
|
|
|
Coron/o
|
Heart
|
|
|
Cyan/o
|
Blue
|
|
|
Myx/o
|
Mucus
|
|
|
Ox/o
|
Oxygen
|
|
|
Pericardi/o
|
Pericardium
|
|
|
Phleb/o
|
Vein
|
|
|
Sphygm/o
|
Pulse
|
|
|
Steth/o
|
Chest
|
|
|
Thromb/o
|
Clot
|
|
|
Valvul/o or valv/o
|
Valve
|
|
|
Vas/o
|
Vessel
|
|
|
Vascul/o
|
Vessel
|
|
|
Ven/o or ven/i
|
Vein
|
|
|
Bentricul/o
|
Ventricle, lower heart chamber
|
|
|
Adenoid/o
|
Adenoids
|
|
|
Alveoli/o
|
Alveolus, air sac
|
|
|
Bronch/o
|
Bronchial tube
|
|
|
Bronchi/o
|
Bronchus
|
|
|
Bronchiol/o
|
Bronchiole, small bronchus
|
|
|
Capn/o
|
Carbon dioxide
|
|
|
Coni/o
|
Dust
|
|
|
Cyan/o
|
blue
|
|
|
Epiglott/o
|
Epiglottis
|
|
|
Laryng/o
|
Larynx, voice box
|
|
|
Lob/o
|
Lobe of the lung
|
|
|
Mediastin/o
|
Mediastinum
|
|
|
Nas/o
|
Nose
|
|
|
Orth/o
|
Straight, upright
|
|
|
Ox/o
|
Oxygen
|
|
|
Pector/o
|
Chest
|
|
|
Pharyng/o
|
Pharynx, throat
|
|
|
Phon/o
|
Voice
|
|
|
Phren/o
|
Diaphragm
|
|
|
Pleur/o
|
Pleura
|
|
|
Pneum/o or pneumon/o
|
Air, lung
|
|
|
Plumon/o
|
Lung
|
|
|
Rhin/o
|
Nose
|
|
|
Sinus/o
|
Sinus, cavity
|
|
|
Spir/o
|
Breathing
|
|
|
Tel/o
|
Complete
|
|
|
Thorac/o
|
Chest
|
|
|
Tonsil/o
|
Tonsils
|
|
|
Trache/o
|
Trachea, windpipe
|
|
|
-ema
|
Condition
|
|
|
-osmia
|
Smell
|
|
|
-pnea
|
Breathing
|
|
|
-ptysis
|
Spitting
|
|
|
-sphyxia
|
Pulse
|
|
|
-thorax
|
Pleural cavity, chest
|
