The Language Of Medicine 10Th Edition Chapter 7

Front 1

cali/o, calic/o

Back 1

calyx (calix); cup-shaped

Front 2

cyst/o

Back 2

urinary bladder

Front 3

glomerul/o

Back 3

glomerulus

Front 4

meat/o

Back 4

meatus

Front 5

nephr/o

Back 5

kidney

Front 6

pyel/o

Back 6

renal pelvis

Front 7

ren/o

Back 7

kidney

Front 8

trigon/o

Back 8

trigone (region of the bladder)

Front 9

ureter/o

Back 9

ureter

Front 10

urethr/o

Back 10

urethra

Front 11

vesic/o

Back 11

urinary bladder

Front 12

albumin/o

Back 12

albumin (blood protein)

Front 13

azot/o

Back 13

nitrogen

Front 14

bacteri/o

Back 14

bacteria

Front 15

dips/o

Back 15

thirst

Front 16

kal/o

Back 16

potassium

Front 17

keto, keton/o

Back 17

ketone bodies (ketoacids and acetone)

Front 18

lith/o

Back 18

stone

Front 19

natr/o

Back 19

sodium

Front 20

noct/o

Back 20

night

Front 21

olig/o

Back 21

scanty

Front 22

-poietin

Back 22

substance that forms

Front 23

py/o

Back 23

pus

Front 24

-tripsy

Back 24

crushing

Front 25

ur/o

Back 25

urine (urea)

Front 26

urin/o

Back 26

urine

Front 27

-uria

Back 27

urination; urine condition

Front 28

urea, creatinine, uric acid

Back 28

nitrogenous waste products from the blood

Front 29

urine

Back 29

nitrogenous waste products filtered by kidneys

Front 30

electrolytes

Back 30

sodium, potassium balance maintained by the kidneys

Front 31

renin

Back 31

hormone secreted by the kidneys, raises blood pressure

Front 32

erythropoietin

Back 32

hormone secreted by the kidneys, stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow

Front 33

calciferol

Back 33

secreted by kidneys, vitamin D

Front 34

kidneys

Back 34

filter nitrogenous waste , insulin, and parathyroid hormone, from blood

Front 35

cortex

Back 35

outside of the kidney

Front 36

medulla

Back 36

inside of the kidney

Front 37

hilum

Back 37

depression on medial border of the kidney through which blood vessels and nerves pass

Front 38

ureter

Back 38

tube that carries urine to the bladder

Front 39

urinary bladder

Back 39

reservoir for urine

Front 40

trigone

Back 40

triangular region at the base of the bladder where the ureters enter and the urethra exits

Front 41

urethra

Back 41

carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

Front 42

urination, voiding

Back 42

process of expelling urine

Front 43

urinary meatus

Back 43

external opening of the urethra

Front 44

renal arteries

Back 44

enter into the kidneys for filtration at the hilum

Front 45

arterioles

Back 45

smallest arteries

Front 46

glomerulus, glomeruli

Back 46

ball of tiny capillaries within the kidneys

Front 47

glomerular (Bowman) capsule

Back 47

cup-like structure that collects nitrogenous waste in the kidneys

Front 48

renal tubule

Back 48

tube through which substances are reabsorbed into the blood stream and other substances are secreted into to be expelled from the body

Front 49

nephron

Back 49

combination of glomerulus and renal tubule

Front 50

renal pelvis

Back 50

central collecting region in the kidney

Front 51

turbid

Back 51

cloudy urine

Front 52

pus in the urine

Back 52

pyuria

Front 53

bacteriuria

Back 53

bacteria in the urine

Front 54

albuminuria

Back 54

albumin in the urine (blood plasma protein)

Front 55

glycosuria

Back 55

sugar in the urine

Front 56

diabetes mellitus

Back 56

indicated by sugar glycosuria, insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects

Front 57

ketonuria

Back 57

ketone bodies in the urine

Front 58

ketoacidosis

Back 58

ketones in the blood that increases acidity

Front 59

phenylketonuria (PKU)

Back 59

phenylalanine in the urine

Front 60

bilirubinuria

Back 60

bilirubin in the urine

Front 61

glomerulonephritis

Back 61

inflammation of the glomeruli

Front 62

interstitial nephritis

Back 62

inflamation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules

Front 63

nephrolithiasis

Back 63

kidney stones (renal Calculi)

Front 64

nephrotic syndrome (nephrosis)

Back 64

group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine

Front 65

edema

Back 65

swelling caused by fluid in tissue spaces

Front 66

hypoalbuminemia

Back 66

excessive albumin in the blood

Front 67

polycystic kidney disease (PKD)

Back 67

multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney

Front 68

pyelonephritis

Back 68

inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma

Front 69

parenchyma

Back 69

essential and distinctive tissue of an organ

Front 70

renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma)

Back 70

cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood

Front 71

renal failure

Back 71

decrease in excretion of wastes results from impaired filtration function

Front 72

renal hypertension

Back 72

high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease

Front 73

wilms tumor

Back 73

malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood

Front 74

bladder cancer

Back 74

malignant tumor of the urinary bladder

Front 75

diabetes insipidus (DI)

Back 75

antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is not secreted or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH

Front 76

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Back 76

measurement of urea levels in blood

Front 77

creatinine clearance

Back 77

measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney

Front 78

CT urography

Back 78

x-ray images obtained using computed tomography show multiple cross-sectional and other view of the kidney

Front 79

kidneys, ureters and bladder (KUB)

Back 79

x-ray examination without contrast of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder

Front 80

renal angiography

Back 80

x-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidneys

Front 81

retrograde pyelogram (RP)

Back 81

x-ray image of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder

Front 82

voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)

Back 82

x-ray image (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding

Front 83

ultrasonography

Back 83

imagin of urinarry tract structures using high-frequency sound waves

Front 84

radioisotope scan

Back 84

image of the kidney obtained after injecting a radioactive substance (radioisotope) into the bloodstream. renal scan, renagram

Front 85

MRI urography

Back 85

changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body

Front 86

cystoscopy

Back 86

direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope)

Front 87

dialysis

Back 87

process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood

Front 88

lithotripsy

Back 88

urinary tract stones are crushed

Front 89

renal angioplasty

Back 89

dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries

Front 90

renal biopsy

Back 90

removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination

Front 91

renal transplantation

Back 91

surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient

Front 92

urinary catheterization

Back 92

passage of flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder

Front 93

ADH

Back 93

antidiuretic hormone vasopressin

Front 94

AKI

Back 94

acute renal injury

Front 95

BUN

Back 95

blood urea nitrogen

Front 96

CAPD

Back 96

continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Front 97

CKD

Back 97

chronic kidney disease

Front 98

C1

Back 98

chloride

Front 99

CrCl

Back 99

creatinine clearance

Front 100

CRF

Back 100

chronic renal failure

Front 101

C&S

Back 101

culture and sensitivity testing

Front 102

cysto

Back 102

cystoscopic examination

Front 103

eGFR

Back 103

estimated glomerular filtration rate

Front 104

ESWL

Back 104

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

Front 105

HCO3

Back 105

bicarbonate an electrolyte conserved by the kidney

Front 106

HD

Back 106

hemodialysis

Front 107

IC

Back 107

interstitial cystitis

Front 108

IVP

Back 108

intravenous pyelogram

Front 109

K+

Back 109

potassium

Front 110

KUB

Back 110

kidney, ureter, and bladder

Front 111

Na+

Back 111

sodium an electrolyte

Front 112

PD

Back 112

peritoneal dialysis

Front 113

pH

Back 113

potential hydrogen

Front 114

PKD

Back 114

polycystic kidney disease

Front 115

PUL

Back 115

percutaneous ultrasound lithotripsy

Front 116

RP

Back 116

retrograde pyelography

Front 117

sp gr

Back 117

specific gravity

Front 118

UA

Back 118

urinalysis

Front 119

UTI

Back 119

urinary tract infection

Front 120

VCUG

Back 120

voiding cystourethrogram