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137 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aorta
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Largest artery in the body
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Arteriole
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Small artery
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Atrioventricular bundle
(Bundle of His) |
Muscle fibres that connect the atria with the venticles and transmit electrical impulses between them
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Artery
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Largest type of blood vessel carries away from the heart
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Atrioventricular node
(AV node) |
Specialized tissue in the wall between the atria. (Party guy)
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Atrium (atria)
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One of two upper chambers of the heart
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Capillary
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Smallest blood vessel. Materials pass to and from bloodstream through capillary walls
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Carbon Dioxide
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Gas released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart then to lungs for exhaltation
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Coronary Arteries
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Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen right blood to the heart muscle.
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Deoxygenated blood
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Blood that is oxygen-poor
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Diastole
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Relaxation of the heart
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Electrocardiogram
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Record of electricity flowing through the heart
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Endocardium
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Inner lining of the heart
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Endothelium
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Innermost lining of blood vessels
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Mitral Valve
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Valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve
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Murmur
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Abnormal heart sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves
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Myocardium
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Muscular middle layer of the heart
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Normal sinus rhythm
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Heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node with a resting rate of 60 to 100 beats per min
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Sinoatrial Node
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Pacemaker that begins heartbeat
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Pericardium
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Double layered membrane surrounding the heart
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Pulmonary Artery
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Artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs
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Pulmonary Valve
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Valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
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Pulmonary Vein
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One of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
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Pulse
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Beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries
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Septum
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Wall dividing a cavity such as right and left atria and right and left ventricles
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Interatrial septum
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Wall dividing right and left atria
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Interventricular Septum
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Wall dividing right and left ventricles
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Sphygmomanometer
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Intrument to measure blood pressure
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Systemic circulation
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Flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to the body tissues
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Systole
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Contraction phase of the heartbeat
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Tricuspid valve
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Located between right atrium and right ventricle
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Vein
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Thin-walled vessel carrying blood from body tissues and lungs to the heart.
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Vena Cava
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Largest vein in the body the superior and inferior return blood to the right atrium of the heart
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Ventricle
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Lower chambers of the heart
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Venule
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Small vein
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Angi/o
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Vessel
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Aort/o
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aorta
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Arter/o
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artery
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Ather/o
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Yellowish plaque fatty substance
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Atri/o
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Atrium
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Brachi/o
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arm
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Coron/o
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heart
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Cyan/o
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Blue
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Myx/o
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Mucus
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Ox/o
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Oxygen
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Pericardi/o
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Pericardium
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Phleb/o
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Vein
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Sphygm/o
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Pulse
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Steth/o
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Chest
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Thromb/o
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Clot
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Valvul/o
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Valve
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Vas/o
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vessel
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Vescul/o
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Vessel
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Ven/o
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Vein
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Ventricul/o
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Ventricle
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Arrhythmia
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Abnormal heart rhythm
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Bradycardia
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Failure of proper conduction from SA node to AV node to bundle of his
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Flutter
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Rapid but regular contractions usually of atria
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Fibrillation
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Rapid random inefficient and irregular contractions of heart (350+ beats per min)
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Congenital heart disease
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Abnormalties in the heart at birth
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Coarctation of the aorta (CoA)
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narrowing of aorta
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Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
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A duct which normally closes after birth remains open
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Septal Defects
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Small holes in the septa
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Tetralogy of Fallot
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A congenital malfomation of the heart involving four distinct defects
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Congestive heart failure (CHF)
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The heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood more blood enters the heart then what can be pumped out
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Coronary Artery disease (CAD)
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Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart
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Endocarditis
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Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart caused by bacteria
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Hypertensive heart disease
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High blood pressure affecting the heart
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Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)
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Improper closure of the mitral valve
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Murmur
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An extra heart sound heard between normal heart beats
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Pericarditis
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Inflammation of the membrane (pericaridium) surrounding the heart
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Rheumatic Heart disease
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Heart disease caused by a rheumatic fever
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Aneurysm
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Local widening of an arterial wall
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Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
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A blood clot forms in a large vein usually lower limbs
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Hypertension (HTN)
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High blood pressure
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Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)
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Blockage of blood vessels outside the heart
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Raynaud Disease
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Recurrant episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes
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Varicose Veins
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Abnormally swollen and twisted veins usually occuring in the legs.
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BNP test
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Measurement of BnP in blood
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Lipid tests
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Measurement of cholesterol and triglycerides (fats) in a blood sample
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Lipoprotein Electrophoresis
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Lipoproteins are physically serperated in a blood sample
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Serum Enzyme tests
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Chemicals measure in the blood as evidence of a heart attack
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Angiography
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X ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material
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Computerized Tomography Angiography (CTA)
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3D Xrays of heart and coronary arteries
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Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA)
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Xrays of blood vessels
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Electron Beam Computed Tomography (EBCT)
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Electron beams and CT identify calcium diposits in and around coronary arteries
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Doppler ultrasound studies
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Sound waves measure movement of blood flow
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Echocardiography (ECHO)
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Echoes generated by high frequency sound waves produce images of the heart
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Position emission tomography (PET) scan
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Images show blood flow and myocardial function following uptake of radioactive substances
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Thallium 201 Scan
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Concentration of a radioactive substancec is measured in the myocardium
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Cardiac MRI
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Images of the heart are produced with Magnetic waves
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Cardiac Catherterization
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A catheter is guided into the heart through a vein or artery
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Electrocardiography (ECG)
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Record of electricity flowing through the heart
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Holter Monitoring
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An ECG device is worn during a 24 hour periood to detect cardiac arrhythmias
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Stress Test
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Excercise tolerance test (ETT) determines the hearts response to physical exertion (stress)
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Cardioversion (defibrillation)
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Very brief discharges of electricity applied across the chest to stop arrythmias
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Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
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Arteries and veins are anastomosed to coronary arteries to detour around blockages
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Endarterectomy
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Surgical Removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery
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Extracorporeal Circulation
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A heart-lung machine diverts blood from the heart and lungs while the heart is repaired
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Heart transplantation
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A donor heart is transferred to a recipient
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Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)
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A balloon-tipped catheter is inserted into a coronary artery to open it
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Thrombolytic Therapy
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Drugs to dissolve clots are injected into the bloodstream of patients with coronary thrombosis
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Angiogram
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xray of a blood vessel
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Angioplasty
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Surgical repair of a blood vessel
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Aortic Stenosis
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Narrowing of the aorta
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Arteriosclerosis
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Hardening of arteries
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Arterial Anastomosis
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Surgical connection between arteries
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arteriography
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Process of recording (xray) arteries after injection contrast material
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Endarterectomy
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removal of the lining of the artery whn it is filled with plaque
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Atheroma
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Collection of fatty material in an artery
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Atherosclerosis
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Hardening of arteries with deposits of fatty substance
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Atherectomy
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Removal of a fatty mass in a vessel
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Atrial
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Pertaining to an upper chamber of the heart
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Atrioventricular
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Pertaining to the upper and lower chambers of the heart
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Brachial Artery
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Artery that branches from the aorta to bring blood back into the arm
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Cardiomegaly
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enlargement of the heart
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cardiomyopathy
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disease of heart muscles
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bradycardia
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Condition of slow heartbeat
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Tachycardia
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Condition of fast heartbeat
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Cardiogenic Shock
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Hearts failure to pump adequately
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Hypercholesterolemia
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Condition of excessive cholesterol in the blood
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Coronary Arteries
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Arteries branching from aorta to bring blood into heart
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Cyanosis
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Abnormal condition of bluish discoloration due to poor oxygenation of blood
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Myxoma
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Benign tumor of the heart
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Hypoxia
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Condition of decreased oxygen in inspired air (occurs in high altitudes)
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Pericardiocentesis
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Surgical puncture of the membrane surrounding the heart (to remove fluid)
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Phlebotomy
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Incision of a vein
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Thrombophlebitis
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Inflammation of a vein with clots
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Thrombolysis
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destruction of clots
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Valvuloplasty
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Surgical repair of a valve in the heart
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Mitral Valvulitis
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Inflammation of the mitral valve
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Valvotomy
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Incision of a valve
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Vasoconstriction
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Narrowing of a vessel
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Vasodilation
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Widening of a vessel
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Vascular
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pertainting to blood vessels
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Venous
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Pertaining to veins
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Venipucture
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Incision of a vein for IV
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