The Language Of Med. Ch.11 Of Davi-Ellen

Front 1

aorta

Back 1

Largest artery in the body.

Front 2

arteriole

Back 2

Small artery.

Front 3

artery

Back 3

Largest type of blood vessel; caries bblood away from the heart to all parts of the body. Notice that artery and away begins with an a.

Front 4

atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His)

Back 4

Specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them. His is prnounced as "hiss".

Front 5

Atrioventricular node (AV node)

Back 5

Specialized tissue in the wall betwee the atria. Electrical impulses pass from the pacemaker (SA node) through the AV node and the atrioventricular bundle or bundle of His toward the ventricles.

Front 6

atrium

Back 6

One of two upper chambers of the heart.

Front 7

capillary

Back 7

Smallet blood vessel. Materials pass to and from the bloodstream through the thin capillary walls.

Front 8

carbon dioxide (CO2)

Back 8

Gas (waste) released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then to the lungs for exhalation.

Front 9

coronary arteries

Back 9

Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rch blood to the heart muscle.

Front 10

deoxygenated blood

Back 10

Blood that is oxygen-poor.

Front 11

diastole

Back 11

Relaxation phase of the heartbeat.

Front 12

electrocardiogram

Back 12

Record of the electricity flowing through the heart. The electricity is representd by waves or defections called p, qrs, or t.

Front 13

endocardium

Back 13

Inner lining of the heart.

Front 14

endothelium

Back 14

innermost lining of blood vessel.

Front 15

mitral valve

Back 15

valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve.

Front 16

murmur

Back 16

Abnormal heart sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves.

Front 17

myocardium

Back 17

Muscular, middle layer of the heart.

Front 18

normal sinus rhythm

Back 18

Heart rhythm originationg in the sinoatrial node with a resting rate of 60 to 100 beats per minute.

Front 19

oxygen

Back 19

Gas that enters the blood throug the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells.

Front 20

pacemaker (sinoatrial node)

Back 20

Specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the geartbeat. An artificial cardiac pacemaker is an electronic apparatus implanted in the chest to stimulate heart muscle that is weak and not functioning.

Front 21

pericardium

Back 21

Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart.

Front 22

pulmonary artery

Back 22

artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs.

Front 23

pulmonary circulation

Back 23

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.

Front 24

pulmonary valve

Back 24

valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.

Front 25

pulmonary vein

Back 25

one of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

Front 26

pulse

Back 26

beat of the geart as felt through the walls of the arteries.

Front 27

septum

Back 27

Partition or wall dividing a cavity; such as between the right and left atria (interatrial septum) and right and left ventricles (interventricular septum).

Front 28

sinoatrial node (SA node)

Back 28

pacemaker of the heart.

Front 29

sphygmomanometer

Back 29

instrument to measure blood pressure.

Front 30

systemic circulation

Back 30

flow of blood from body tissue to the geart and then from the heart back to body tissues.

Front 31

systole

Back 31

contraction phase of the heartbeat.

Front 32

tricuspid valve

Back 32

located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three leaflets, or cusps.

Front 33

valve

Back 33

structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction.

Front 34

vein

Back 34

thin-walled vessel that carries blood fro body tissues ad lungs back to the heart. Veins contain valves to prevent backflow of blood.

Front 35

vena cava

Back 35

Largest vein in the body. The superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of the heart.

Front 36

ventricle

Back 36

one of two lower chambers of the heart.

Front 37

venule

Back 37

small vein.

Front 38

angi/o

Back 38

vessel

Front 39

aort/o

Back 39

aorta

Front 40

arter/o, arteri/o

Back 40

artery

Front 41

ather/o

Back 41

yellowish plaque, fatty substance

Front 42

atri/o

Back 42

atrium, upper heart chamber

Front 43

brachi/o

Back 43

arm

Front 44

cardi/o

Back 44

heart

Front 45

cholesterol/o

Back 45

cholesterol (a lipid substance)

Front 46

coron/o

Back 46

heart

Front 47

cyan/o

Back 47

blue

Front 48

myx/o

Back 48

mucus

Front 49

ox/o

Back 49

oxygen

Front 50

pericardi/o

Back 50

pericardium

Front 51

phleb/o

Back 51

vein

Front 52

sphygm/o

Back 52

pulse

Front 53

steth/o

Back 53

chest

Front 54

thromb/o

Back 54

clot

Front 55

valvul/o, valv/o

Back 55

valve

Front 56

vas/o

Back 56

vessel

Front 57

vascul/o

Back 57

vessel

Front 58

ven/o, ven/i

Back 58

vein

Front 59

ventricul/o

Back 59

ventricle, lower heart chamber

Front 60

arrhythmias

Back 60

abnormal heart rhythms (dysrhythmias).

Front 61

cardiac arrhythmia: bradycardia and heart block (atrioventricular block)

Back 61

Failure of proper conduction of impulses from the SA node through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His).

Front 62

cardiac pacemaker

Back 62

overcomes arrhythmias and keeps the heart beating at the proper rate.

Front 63

biventricular pacemaker

Back 63

treats delays and abnormalities in ventriular contractionsand also can improve symptoms of congestive heart failure.

Front 64

CA: flutter

Back 64

Rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria.

Front 65

CA: fibrillation

Back 65

Rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contractions of the atria and ventricles (350 beats or more per minute).

Front 66

atrial fibrillation

Back 66

electrical impulses move randomly throughout the atria.

Front 67

palpitations

Back 67

uncomfortable sensations in the chest from missed heart beats.

Front 68

ventricular fibrillation

Back 68

electrical impulses move randomly throughout the ventricles.

Front 69

digoxin

Back 69

medicine, slow the heart rate to treat atrial fibrillation.

Front 70

implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)

Back 70

a small eectrical device that is implanted inside the chest (near the collarbone) to sense arrhythmias and terminate them with an electric shock.

Front 71

automatic external defibrillators (AEDs)

Back 71

are use in an emergency situation to reverse venricular fibrillation.

Front 72

congenial heart disease

Back 72

abnormalities in the heart at birth.

Front 73

coarctation of the aorta

Back 73

narrowing (coarctation) of the aorta.

Front 74

patent ductucs arteriosus

Back 74

a duct (ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, which normally closes soon after birth, remains open (patent).

Front 75

septal defects

Back 75

Small holes in the septa between the atria (atrial septal defects) or the ventricles (ventricular septal defects).

Front 76

tetralogy of Fallot

Back 76

A congenital malformation of the heart involving four distinct defects.

Front 77

stenosis

Back 77

narrow or obstructed.

Front 78

congestive heart failure (CHF)

Back 78

The heart is unable to pump its required amount of blod (more blood enters the heart from the veins than leaves through the arteries).

Front 79

Coronary artery disease (CAD)

Back 79

Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart.

Front 80

atherosclerosis

Back 80

The deposition of fatty compounds on the inner lining of the coronary arteries.

Front 81

endocarditis

Back 81

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart caused by bacteria.

Front 82

hypertensive heart disease

Back 82

high blood pressure affecting the heart.

Front 83

mitral valve prolapse (mvp)

Back 83

Improper closure of the mitral valve.

Front 84

murmur

Back 84

An extra heart sound, heard between normal beats.

Front 85

pericarditis

Back 85

Inflammation of the membrane (pericardium) surrounding the heart.

Front 86

rheumatic heart disease

Back 86

Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever.

Front 87

aneurysm

Back 87

Local widening (dilation) of an arterial wall.

Front 88

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Back 88

A blood clot (thrombus) forms in a large vein, usually in a lower limb.

Front 89

pulmonary embolism

Back 89

clot travels to the lungs

Front 90

hypertension (HTN)

Back 90

high blood pressure

Front 91

peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

Back 91

Blockage of blood vessels outside the heart.

Front 92

Raynaud disease

Back 92

Recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes.

Front 93

varicose veins

Back 93

abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs.

Front 94

acute coronary syndromes

Back 94

consequence of plaque rupture in coronary arteries: unstable angina and myocardial infarction.

Front 95

angina (pectoris)

Back 95

Chest pain resulting from myocardial ischemia. Stable angina occurs predictably with exertion; unstable angina is chest pain that occurs more often and with less exertion.

Front 96

auscultation

Back 96

Listening for sounds in blood vessels or other body structures, typically using a stethoscope.

Front 97

bruit

Back 97

an abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard during auscultation of an artery or organ.

Front 98

cardiac arrest

Back 98

sudden, unexpected stopping of heart action; sudden cardiac death.

Front 99

cardiac tamponade

Back 99

pressure on the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space.

Front 100

claudication

Back 100

Pain, tension, and weakness ina leg after walking has begun, but absence of pain at rest.

Front 101

occlusion

Back 101

closure of a blood vessel.

Front 102

patent

Back 102

open

Front 103

petechiae

Back 103

small, pinpoint hemorrhages.

Front 104

BNP test

Back 104

measurement of BNP (brain natriuretic peptide) in blood.

Front 105

Lipid tests (lipid profile)

Back 105

Measurement of cholesterol and triglycerides (fats) in a blood sample.

Front 106

lipoprotein electrophoresis

Back 106

Lipoproteins (combinations of fat and protein) are physically separated in a blood sample.

Front 107

serum enzyme tests

Back 107

Chemicals measured in the blood as evidence of a heart attack.

Front 108

angiography

Back 108

X-ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material.

Front 109

computerized tomography angiography (CTA)

Back 109

Three-dimensional x-ray images of the heart and coronary arteries using computed tomography (CT) (64-slice CT scanner).

Front 110

digital subtraction angiography (DSA)

Back 110

Video equipment and a computer produce x-ray images of blood vessels.

Front 111

electron beam computed tomography (EBCT or EBT)

Back 111

Electron beams and CT identify calcium deposits in and around coronary arteries to diagnose early CAD.

Front 112

Doppler ultrasound studies

Back 112

Sound waves measure movement of blood flow.

Front 113

echocardiography (ECHO)

Back 113

Echoes generated by high-frequency sound waves produce images of the heart.

Front 114

positron emission tomography (PET) scan

Back 114

Images show blood flow and myocardial function following uptake of radioactive substances.

Front 115

cardiac MRI

Back 115

images of the heart are produced with magnetic waves.

Front 116

cardiac catheterization

Back 116

A thin, flexible tube is guided into the heart via a vein or an artery.

Front 117

electrocardiography (ECG)

Back 117

Recording of electricity flowing through the heart.

Front 118

Holter monitoring

Back 118

An ECG device is worn during a 24-hour period to detect cardiac arrhythmias.

Front 119

stress test

Back 119

Exercise tolerance test (ETT) determines the heart's response to physical exertion (stress).

Front 120

cardioversion (defibrillation)

Back 120

Very brief discharges of electricity applied across the chest to stop arrhythmias.