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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are some important traits of the Renaissance?
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--Urbanization
--Centralization/Monarchies --Arts and humanities --Sciences --Mercantilism --2 key movements in art --perspective --"realistic representation" |
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What invention revolutionized the way knowledge was spread?
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Gutenberg's Printing Press in 1447
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What idea was rising during the Renaissance?
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Humanism--the importance of the individual
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What two works did Niccolo Macchiavelli write?
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--The Prince, a book
-------about consolidating and maintaining power ------a political treatise --The Mandrake ---a play ----most important of the Italian plays of this period ----5 act comedy, satirical play |
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What is sacra rapprezentazioni? Why does it not last long during this time?
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--religious drama
--the Renaissance starts with this --it does not last long b/c of the rise of humanism |
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What did Albertino Mussato write?
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--Eccerinus
------the "first" tragedy of the Renaissance |
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Name 4 Italian theatrical forms.
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1 - Intermezzi
2 - Pastoral Comedies 3 - Opera 4 - Commedia dell'arte |
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What are intermezzi?
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Highly spectacular musical and dance forms performed between the play's acts.
Independent from the play and highly spectacular. |
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What are pastoral comedies?
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A love story about everyday people that ends with a wedding and a happy ending.
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What are components of opera? Name 2 important operas.
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--an influential form
--death of intermezzi --libretto: the text used in opera --aria: sung monologues --recitative: big long song scattered throughout two important operas: --Eurydice --Orfeo |
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What is commedia dell'arte?
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A very important theatrical form.
"The play of the professional artists" (more trained performers) Improvised-ish: it was heavily structured improv, there was a detailed outline of the story of the play |
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What are three important features of commedia dell'arte?
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Stock plots, devices, and characters
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Name the stock characters of commedia dell'arte.
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Arlecchino, Pantalone, Dottore, Capitano, Brighella, Zanni, Inammorati, Columbina/Smeraldina, La Ruffiana
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Describe Arlecchino/Truffaldino.
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--Mischievous servant
--mid level --can be stupid and foolish, but really is clever --always concerned with appetite |
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Describe Pantalone.
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--Old miser, a parent to one of the lovers
--stingy and is often duped by the servants |
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Describe Dottore.
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--An obese know-it-all
--Doctor or a lawyer --windbag |
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Describe Capitano.
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--prototype of the pretentious, but cowardly military man
--an arrogant boaster |
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Describe Brighella.
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--Innkeeper/head servant
--nasty character --always fooling the servants --is there to stir up trouble |
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Describe what Zanni is.
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--the lowest servant
--very stupid --a category --very gullible and easily manipulated |
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Describe the Innamorati.
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--lovers that are shallow and spoiled
--vain and self absorbed --something gets in the way of their love -a: female -o: male |
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Describe Columbina/Smeraldina.
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--the saucy maid
--servant, smarter --sometimes in love with Arlecchino |
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Describe La Ruffiana.
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--older female character
--can be a witch --gossipy and often jealous of lovers |
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What is lazzi?
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Stock comic bits of business, slapstick humor
each character has his or her own lazzo |
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Name 3 theatres in Italy during the Renaissance.
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1 - Teatro Olimpico
2 - Theatre at Sabbioneta 3 - Teatro Farnese |
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Briefly describe the Teatro Olimpico.
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--stage 70 x 18
--neoclassical --scene house built into stage unit --thyromata - openings |
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What is important about the Theatre at Sabbioneta?
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--it was a transitional theatre space
--250 seats --there is NO proscenium yet --orchestra-like space |
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What is colonnade?
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a long series of columns
has to do with architecture |
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Describe the Teatro Farnese.
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--large theatre
--seats 3,500 ! --horseshoe seating --orchestra --proscenium-->arch of the stage --------comes from the influence of art itself -------frames the stage -------one giant thyromata! --acting is done in front of proscenium --some argue that it is the first proscenium theatre |
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What is perspective scenery?
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--scenery that creates the illusion of distance
--single point perspective --raked stage and angled flats help create illusion of perspective --BUT scene changes are very difficult |
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Identify and describe two men that had a significant effect on the theatre's structure.
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1 - Sebastiano Serlio
--wrote Architettura --3 basic settings: ------tragic ------comic ------pastoral 2 - Giacomo Torelli --very influential --flat wings - easier to move on and off stage --pole and chariot system (groove system so flats can move like sliding doors) --nickname "the Great Wizard" --still very labor intensive and cumbersome |
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What are other physical components of Italian theatre?
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--flying machines "glories"
--trapdoors --sound effects for thunder and wind --lights -- candles and oil lamps |
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What were the Neoclassical ideals?
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--decorum
--Verisimilitude (the quality of appearing true or real) --the unities (time, place, action) --no mixed genres --tragedy=royalty --comedy=common people --didactic function of drama (designed or intended to teach) --no chorus --no deux es machina --violence offstage |
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Identify and describe two Italian playwrights.
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1 - Carlo Gozzi
--used mythology and fantasy in his plays --fairytale approach --wrote The King Stag --considered to be pre-romantic 2 - Carlo Goldoni --his plays are performed more frequently --there is sophistication associated with them --wanted to enrich the stock characters, more 3D --fight with Gozzi over commedia (pamphlet war) --wrote The Servant of Two Masters |
