The Indians Of North America

Front 1

Kachinas

Back 1

The Hopis believed in spirits called kachinas

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Shaman

Back 2

Religious ceremonies were led by a leader and healer called a shaman

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Arid

Back 3

The climate was very dry

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Tepee

Back 4

Like the Mandans they used every part of the buffalo. Because they followed the buffalo they built shelters that were easy to move called tepees

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Barter

Back 5

Another way of trading

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Clan

Back 6

group of families that are related

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Game

Back 7

Another way of saying deer or other animals

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Agriculture

Back 8

Farming

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Cultural Region

Back 9

The different climates in which the Indians lived in

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Diversity

Back 10

the state of being diverse; variety

Front 11

Council

Back 11

a body of people elected to manage the affairs of a city or county

Front 12

Totem pole

Back 12

Totem poles are monumental sculptures carved on poles, posts, or pillars with symbols or figures

Front 13

Chinooks

Back 13

The Chinooks were the best known traders of the Northwest Coast.They made rows of long wooden houses. The houses were built partly over a hole dug in the Earth. This type of house was called a pit house. Several families belonging to the same clan lived next each other. Clan: group of families that are related

Front 14

Makahs

Back 14

The Makahs lived on the coast. They built canoes to hunt whales in the ocean. They made wooden harpoons using sharp shell points to kill whales. Whale hunting was very dangerous for the Makahs. A whale could easily tip over a canoe. The Makahs ate the whales, used their hides for making ropes, bags, and other items. They used the fat as oil to burn.

Front 15

Hopi

Back 15

Hopi means “Peaceful One” The early Hopis lived in the Southwest, which is present day Arizona. Some Hopis still live there today. They grew beans, corn, squash, and cotton. The climate was very dry or arid. The Hopis used water from underground springs to water their crops. The Hopis believed in gods of sun, rain and earth.The Hopis believed in spirits called kachinas. They had religious ceremonies. The men wore painted masks and dressed like the kachinas.●Women spent most of their time grinding corn and flower. They used small flat stones.

Front 16

Navajo

Back 16

The Navajos moved to the Southwest about 1100 AD. They settled in an area, which is today called four corners. Four corners is a place where the corners of the states of Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, and Colorado meet. Some Navajos still live in the same area. The Navajos lived in houses called hogans (cone shaped houses built by covering a log frame with mud or grass) The Navajos believed in gods they called holy people.●Some gods were called earth mother and the sun god.●Religious ceremonies were led by a leader and healer called a shaman.●Shamans called upon the gods for special favors.

Front 17

Mandans

Back 17

The Mandans lived in the Great Plains, which is present day North Dakota. They built circular houses called lodges. Each lodge was built over a shallow pit and covered with sod. Men, women, and children took part in a great buffalo hunt about twice a year. Mandans used every part of buffalo. They ate the meat and made clothing, blankets, and moccasins from the hides. They made tools and weapons from the bones.

Front 18

Kiowas

Back 18

The Kiowas of the southern Great Plains did not farm or live in villages. They were nomads. They followed the buffalo from place to place. Like the Mandans they used every part of the buffalo. Because they followed the buffalo they built shelters that were easy to move called tepees.

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Iroquois

Back 19

The Iroquois lived in what is today the eastern part of the United States. They lived a region called the woodlands. The Iroquois were not one tribe but a group of tribes that lived near each other and spoke similar languages. The Iroquois lived in a wooden building called a longhouse. The Iroquois often fought with each other. The fights were mostly over land.

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Cherokee

Back 20

The Cherokees also lived in the eastern United States, but they lived far south of the Iroquois. They lived in the rich valleys of the Appalachian Mountains. They grew corn, beans, squash, pumpkins, sunflowers, and tobacco. They fished, and they also hunted squirrels, rabbits, turkeys, and deer.