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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 5 types of leukocytes?
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neutrophil
lymphocyte monocyte basophils eosinophil |
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Which type is most numerous in the bloodstream?
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neutrophils
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Which can carry out phagocytosis?
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neutrophil and lymphocyte
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Which type can become a macrophage?
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monocyte
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What are the parts of the lymphatic system?
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WBC, lymphatic system, thymus gland, lymph nodes, spleen
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What is filtered by the lymph nodes
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lymph fluid that been squeezed out of the bloodstream
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What is filtered by the spleen?
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the blood
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Your body has 3 levels of defense
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1) external barriers
2) non-specific defenses 3) specific defenses |
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Which parts of your body are external and which are truly internal
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external- mouth
internal -intestines |
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What are some of the barriers employed by your body?
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skin and mucus membranes
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Non specific defenses include ______, ________, _______, _______, and various chemicals produced by the body specifically for defense
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fever, inflammation, phagocytosis, natural killer cells
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Why are these tatics termed "non-specific"?
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b/c they work on every invader the same (same kind of response)
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What are the characteristic hallmarks of inflammation?
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warm to touch
redness swelling pain |
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How can inflammation help you?
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When inflammation occurs it releases hystamine that increases capillary size and bloodflow, phagocytes come with blood to kill bacteria and help heal
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Specific defenses involve immunity both _______ or ________.
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antibody mediated or cell mediated.
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A healthy immune system demonstrates four characteristics: ________,_______,______,______
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specificity, diversity, tolerance, memory
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Define specificty
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every different foreign invader (antigen) if fought by different t-cells & b-cells
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define diversity
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you produce an immense array of t-cells and b-cells
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define tolerance
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your immune system can distinguish b/w self and non self
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define memory
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a memory of past infections protects against future encounters
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Antibody-mediated immunity
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also called humoral immunity, is carried out by b-lymphocytes which mature in the bone marrow.
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clonal selection
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plasma b-cells produce and release antibodies, while memory b-cells are reserved for later encounters with a particular antigen
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What is an antigen?
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a foreign invader
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What is an antibody?
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large, y shaped protein molecules that is specific for each type of antigen in response to exposure
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what are the characteristics of antibodies?
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bind with the antigen to inactivate, clump cells together, and encourage phagocytosis
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There are several classes of antibodies, some can be secreted in mother's milk, while others can cross the placenta
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with one exception, antibodies are not formed against a particular antigen unless the immune system has come to contact with that antigen
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What are the functions of the killer t cells (cytotoxic)
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binds to cancer cells, secrete poreforming proteins that make holes in cancer cells so it collapses
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What are the functions of the helper t-cells
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secrete interleukins
stimulate non-specific defense (encourages phagocytosis) 2. stimulate b-lymphs (start producing antibodies) 3. stimulate killer t cells |
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what are the functions of the memory t cells
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store the antibody for later encounters
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what do helper t cells help with?
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help communicate b/w different wbc
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What is the difference b/w active and passive immunity
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active immunity is when you have to do something to produce antibodies
passive immunity is when you recieve antibodies |
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example of active immunity
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vaccine
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example of passive immunity
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breast feeding
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