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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Disease producing organisms
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Pathogens
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Infection restricted to a small area
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Localized infection
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Widespread infection
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Systemic infection
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Chemicals used to treat bacterial infections
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Antibiotics
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A disease that can be spread from one host to another
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Communicable disease
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A disease acquired by many people in a given area over a short time period
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Epidemic disease
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A worldwide epidemic
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Pandemic
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The study of the occurrence and distribution of diseases in a population
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Epidemiology
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Time from exposure to a pathogen until development of symptoms
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Incubation period
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Bacteria that live on/in our bodies but generally do not cause disease
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Normal flora
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A hospital-acquired infection
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Nosocomial infection
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A continual source of infection living or nonliving
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Reservoir of infection
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The ability to ward off disease
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Resistance
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A process that destroys all living organisms and their spores
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Sterilization
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A carrier of pathogens from host to host
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Vector
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A round shaped bacteria
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Coccus
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A rod shaped bacteria
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Bacillus
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Round bacteria in chains
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Streptococci
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Round bacteria in clusters
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Staphylococci
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A bacteria that is a curved rod and causes severe diarrhea
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Vibrio cholerae
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The organism that causes syphillis
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Treponema pallidum
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The bacterial cell is surrounded by these two structures
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Cell wall & cell membrane
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Some bacteria form these structures that allow them to survive in a harsh environment
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Spores
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These two types of bacteria are smaller than most and must live within the cells of the host
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Rickettsia and Chlamydia
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The smallest of infectious agents
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Viruses
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Examples of viral diseases
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Mumps, measles, influenza, poliomyelitis, AIDS
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Infections caused by pathogenic fungi
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Mycotic infections
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Single-cell, animal like microbes
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Protozoa
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Four main types of protozoa
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Amebas, Ciliates, Flagellates, and Sporozoa
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Parasitic worms are called this
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Helminths
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A common disease of children where the worms live in the anus but travel to the perianal area to lay their eggs
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Pinworm
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Ringworm is an infection due to ____________
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A fungus
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Insects with jointed legs are called
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Arthropods
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Parasites that live on the outer surface of the body
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Ectoparasites
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Parasites that live inside the body
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Endoparasites
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The person or organism that is infected by a pathogen causing infection
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Host
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A staining procedure done to identify bacteria that results in purple/blue and pink/red organisms
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Gram stain
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Gram+ is what color
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Purple/blue
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Gram- is what color
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Pink/red
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Stain used to identify tuberculosis organisms
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Acid-fast stain
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The growth of pathogens in a media is called a _________
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Culture
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Culture and sensitivity test is ___________
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Growing bacteria and seeing which antibiotics will kill them
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The ways in which bacteria gain access to our bodies by the respiratory, GI, GU tract is called __________
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Portals of entry
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The most important procedure in preventing the spread of infection is _______________
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Handwashing
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A nonliving vector is also called a ______________
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Fomite
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An infection that occurs and follows another infection is called a/an ______________
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Superinfection
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An animal disease that is transmissible to humans
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Zoonosis
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Someone who has an infection and can spread it but also no longer has symptoms of the disease
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Carrier
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MRSA stands for _________
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Methicillin-resistant staph aureus
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