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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the three types of blood vessel.
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Arteries, capillaries,veins.
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What do the arteries do?
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They carry blood under pressure, like when the heart pumps the blood out. They have thick layers of muscle to make them strong.
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What do the capillaries do?
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Arteries branch into capillaries. They carry the blood really close to every cell in the body, so substances can be exchanged.
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What do veins do?
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They take blood back to the heart, capillaries join up to form veins. The blood in veins are at a lower pressure. They have valves to make sure blood flows in the right direction.
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What kind of circulatory system do mammals have?
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A double one.
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Why do mammals have a double circulatory system?
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The first one connects the heart to the lungs. The second one connects the heart to the rest of the body.
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Why does the heart have a pacemaker?
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It tells the heart how fast it needs to beat. These cells produce a small electric current which spread to the surrounding muscle cells, making them contract.
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What does the sino-atrial node (SAN) do?
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Stimulates the atria to contract.
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What does the atrio-ventricular node (AVN) do?
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Stimulates the ventricles to contract.
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What causes coronary heart disease?
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Fatty layers build up inside the coronary arteries,narrowing them, making less blood able to flow through and less oxygen therefore reaching the heart muscles?
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What are stents?
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They keep the arteries open,they are a wire meshing.
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What can happen to heart valves?
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They can stiffen, meaning the valve can't open fully or it can leak.
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Can heart valves be replaced?
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Yes, my mechanical ones.
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What do artificial hearts do?
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They keep patients alive when waiting for a heart transplant, it is powered by a battery unit.
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What are artificial pace makers?
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They are electrical devices used to correct irregularities in the heart.
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What are antigens?
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Antigens are molecules on the surface of a cell membrane that can cause an immune response.
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What is plasma?
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It is mainly water, it is what makes blood a liquid. It is YELLOW.
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Finish this word equation...
haemoglobin+oxygen= |
oxyhaebglobin.
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What are red blood cells?
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They are tiny disc like cells, they are spongy and enclosed in a cell membrane.
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What does the pigment haemoglobin do?
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It combines oxygen with oxygen from an area of high concentration to form oxyhaemoglobin.
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Why is oxyhaemoglobin broken down?
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Because it is an unstable compound, it is broken down and then released in places where oxygen is low.
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How are red blood cells adapted for their function?
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They have no nucleus, so there is more space for oxygen.
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Name the two main types of white blood cell?
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Phagocytes and lymphocytes.
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What are bigger, red or white blood cells?
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White blood cells.
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What do phagocytes do?
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They digest harmful bacteria and cell debris.
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What do lymphocytes do?
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They produce antibodies.
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What is the 'universal donor'
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Blood group O, they can donate blood to any groups.
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What blood group can group A donate too?
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A and AB.
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What blood group can group AB donate too?
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AB.
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What blood group can group B donate too?
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B and AB.
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Who can group A receive blood from?
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A and O.
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Who can group AB receive blood from?
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All groups.
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Who can group B receive blood from?
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B and O.
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Who can group O receive blood from?
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O only.
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What do capillaries supply to the body?
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Food and oxygen.
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