Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Target Cell
|
Cells that have a receptor that will be affected by the hormone
|
|
|
Hormone
|
Substances that affect the activity of other cells
Effective in low concentrations |
|
|
Steroid Hormones
|
From Cholesterol, Diffuse through cell membrane, Bind to receptor, Enters nucleus, Binds to DNA, Activates specific genes, Makes and moves mRNA to cytoplasm, Makes proteins
|
|
|
Nonsteroid Hormones
|
Attaches to binding site, Activates activity site to activate membrane proteins, Activate secondary messengers, Initiate reactions inside which stimulate cellular change
|
|
|
Prostaglandins
|
Stimulate release of hormones from adrenal gland
Inhibit acid secretion in stomach Smooth muscle relaxation and contraction |
|
|
Negative Feedback
|
A gland's secretory activity is inhibited when a substances concentration reaches a certain level
|
|
|
Nerve Control
|
Adrenal Gland and Hypothalamus
Secrete hormones in response to impulses from the nervous system |
|
|
Pituitary Gland
|
Attached to hypothalamus by the pituitary stalk, Consists of 2 lobes (Anterior and Posterior)
|
|
|
Anterior Pituitary
|
Secretes growth hormone, prolactin, TSH, adrenocorticotropic hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone
|
|
|
Growth Hormone (GH)
|
Stimulates cells to increase in size and divide rapidly
Dwarfism, too little in childhood Gigantism- too much in childhood |
|
|
Prolactin
|
Milk production in females postpartum
|
|
|
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
|
Stimulates secretion of thyroxine from the Thyroid gland
|
|
|
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
|
Stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete hormones
|
|
|
Aldosterone
|
Increases sodium reabsorption in the kidney, increasing blood volume and blood pressure
|
|
|
Cortisol
|
Anti-inflammatory action, inhibits protein synthesis, stimulates synthesis of glucose, promotes use of fatty acids as an energy source
|
|
|
Sex Hormones
|
Testosterone and Estrogen
T- Required for sperm production E- Develops female secondary sex characteristics |
|
|
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
|
Stimulates development of mature ovum during each menstrual cycle, promotes estrogen secretion
|
|
|
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
|
Triggers ovulation, promotes secretion of estrogen and progesterone
|
|
|
Posterior Pituitary Hormones
|
ADH. Oxytocin
|
|
|
Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH)
|
Reduces amount of urine excreted by the kidneys
|
|
|
Oxytocin
|
Triggers uterine contractions and secretion of milk during breastfeeding
|
|
|
Thyroid Hormone
|
Thyroxine, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone
|
|
|
Thyroxine
|
Increases metabolic rate
|
|
|
Calcitonin
|
Lowers blood calcium levels
|
|
|
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
|
Raises blood calcium levels
|
|
|
Adrenal Cortex Hormones
|
Aldosterone, cortisol, sex hormones
|
|
|
Adrenal Medulla Hormones
|
Epinephrine
|
|
|
Epinephrine
|
Increase heart rate, increases blood pressure, increases breathing rate, slows digestion
Fight or Flight response |
|
|
Pancreas Hormones
|
Insulin
|
|
|
Insulin-Glucagon Feedback Loop
|
Eat, blood glucose increases, pancreas releases insulin, insulin promotes movement of glucose into cells, glucose level decreases, insulin secretion is inhibited, low blood glucose stimulates release of glucagons, blood glucose increases and cycle repeats
|
