The Digestive System

Front 1

STRUCTURE THAT SUSPENDS THE SMALL INTESTINES FROM THE POSTERIOR BODY WALL

Back 1

MESENTERY

Front 2

FINGER-LIKE EXTENSIONS OF THE INTESTINAL MUCOSA THAT INCREAE THE SURFACE AREA

Back 2

VILLI

Front 3

COLLECTIONS OF LYMPHATIC TISSUE FOUND IN THE SUBMUCOSA OF THE SMALL INTESTINE

Back 3

PEYER'S PATCH

Front 4

FOLDS OF THE SMALL INTESTINE WALL

Back 4

PLICAE CIRCULARES

Front 5

TWO ANATOMICAL REGIONS INVOLVED IN THE PHYSICAL BREAKDOWN OF FOOD

Back 5

ORAL CAVITY

STOMACH

Front 6

ORGAN THAT MIXES FOOD IN THE MOUTH

Back 6

TONGUE

Front 7

COMMON PASSAGE FOR FOOD AND AIR

Back 7

PHARYNX

Front 8

THREE EXTENSION/ MODIFICATIONS OF THE PERITONEUM

Back 8

GREATER OMENTUM

LESSER OMENTUM

MESENTERY

Front 9

LITERALLY A FOOD CHUTE; HAS NO DIGESTIVE OT ABSORPTIVE ROLE

Back 9

ESOPHAGUS

Front 10

FOLDS OF THE STOMACH MUCOSA

Back 10

RUGAE

Front 11

SACLIKE OUTPOCKETINGS OF THE LARGE INTESTINE WALL

Back 11

HAUSTRA

Front 12

PROJECTIONS OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE OF A CELL THAT INCREASE THE CELL'S SURFACE AREA

Back 12

MICROVILLI

Front 13

PREVENTS FOOD FROM MOVING INTO THE SMALL INTESTINE ONCE IT HAS ENTERED THE LARGE INTESTINE

Back 13

ILEOCECAL VALVE

Front 14

SEROSA OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY WALL

Back 14

PARIETAL PERITONEUM

Front 15

ORGAN PRIMARILY INVOLVED IN WATER ABSORPTION AND FECES FORMATION

Back 15

PARIETAL PERITONEUM

Front 16

AREA BETWEEN THE TEETH AND LIPS/CHEEKS

Back 16

VESTIBULE

Front 17

BLIND SAC HANGING FROM THE INITIAL PART OF THE COLON

Back 17

APPENDIX

Front 18

ORGAN IN WHICH PROTEIN DIGESTION BEGINS

Back 18

STOMACH

Front 19

MEMBRANE ATTACHED TO THE LESSER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH

Back 19

LESSER OMENTUM

Front 20

ORGAN IN WHICH THE STOMACH EMPTIES

ORGAN THAT RECEIVES PANCREATIC JUICE AND BILE

ORGAN RESPONSIBLE FOR MOST FOOD AND WATER ABSORPTION

Back 20

SMALL INTESTINES

Front 21

TAKING FOOD INTO DIGESTIVE SYSTEM BY WAY OF MOUTH

Back 21

INGESTION

Front 22

chewing to pulverize food and mix it with saliva

Back 22

mastication

Front 23

swallowing of food to move it from mouth to stomach

Back 23

deglutition

Front 24

passage of molecules of food through mucous membrane of small intestine (into circulatory and lymphatic systems for distribution)

Back 24

absorption

Front 25

rhythmic, wavelike intestinal contraction that move food through digestive tract

Back 25

peristalsis

Front 26

salivary glands

Back 26

1. parotid gland
2. submandibular gland
3. sublingual gland

Front 27

4 layers/tunics of alimentary canal from innermost to outermost

Back 27

1. mucosa
2.submucosa
3. muscularis externa
4. serosa

Front 28

secrete mucus throughout GI tract

Back 28

goblet cells

Front 29

thin, binding layer of connective tissue

Back 29

lamina propria

Front 30

replaces serosa (outerlayer of GI tract) it is a fibrous connective tissue that binds esophagus to surrounding structures

Back 30

adventitia

Front 31

depression between cheeks and lips externally area of gums and teeth internally

Back 31

vestibule

Front 32

connects lips to gum, inside of mouth

Back 32

labial frenulum

Front 33

transverse ridges along hard palate area, serve as friction ridges for tongue during swallowing

Back 33

palate rugae

Front 34

reflexively closes nasopharynx when we swallow, prevents food and fulid from entering nasal cavity

Back 34

uvula

Front 35

permanent dental formula: human

Back 35

I2/2,
C1/1
P2/2,
M3/3

Front 36

restricts backflow of food

Back 36

esphageal sphincter

Front 37

opening through diaphragm for esophagus(above stomach)

Back 37

esphageal hiatus

Front 38

receives bolus from esophagus, churns bolus with gastric juice, intitiates digestion of proteins, most distensible portion of GI tract

Back 38

stomach

Front 39

food material that is moved into small intestine

Back 39

chyme

Front 40

upper, narrow region of stomach

Back 40

cardia

Front 41

large central portion of stomach

Back 41

body

Front 42

dome shaped portion of stomach that contacts diaphragm

Back 42

fundus

Front 43

funnel shaped terminal portion of stomach

Back 43

pylorus

Front 44

junction with small intestine (prevents backflow)

Back 44

pyloric sphincter

Front 45

attached to greater curvature

Back 45

greater omentum

Front 46

between pyloric sphincter and ileocecal valve,

Back 46

small intestine

Front 47

muscularis layer has 3 layers of smooth muscles, names based upon direction of fiber arrangement

Back 47

1. oblique(inner)
2. circular(middle)
3. longitudinal(outer)

Front 48

supports and attaches small intestine, contains blood vessels, nerves and lymph vessels

Back 48

mesentary

Front 49

longitudinal folds of mucosa, gradually smooth out as stomach fills, many gastric glands

Back 49

gastric rugae

Front 50

3 sections of small intestine

Back 50

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

Front 51

deep folds in mucosa and submucosa

Back 51

plicae circulares

Front 52

cover villi,give wall of intestine carpetlike appearance, promote absorption

Back 52

microvilli

Front 53

largest internal organ of body

Back 53

liver

Front 54

saclike organ attached to inferior surface of liver

Back 54

gallbladder

Front 55

yellowish, green fluid used in digestive process, expelled into cystic duct

Back 55

bile

Front 56

soft, lobulated, glandular organ, secretes pancreatic juice into duodenum

Back 56

pancreas

Front 57

secrete glucagon and insulin

Back 57

islets of langerhans

Front 58

emulsifies fats

Back 58

bile salts

Front 59

bile pigment

Back 59

bilirubin

Front 60

dilated pouch below ileocecal valve, valve prevents backfow of chyme

Back 60

cecum