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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a herbivore?
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eat mainly plants and algae
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what is hydrolysis?
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bonds broken with enzymatic addition of water
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what is intracellular digestion?
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-food is engulfed by phagocytosis
-digested in food vacoules |
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what animal is intracellular digestion found in?
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sponges
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what is extracellular digestion?
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Hydrolysis occurs in a separate compartment. In most animals
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what is the gastrovascular cavity?
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digestive sac w/single opening thru which food enters and wastes pass. functions in both digestion and distribution of nutrients.
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alimentary canal?
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a digestive tract consisting of a tube running between a mouth and an anus."complete" digestive tract
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what animals have a alimentary canal?
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nematodes,annelids, mollusks, arthropods,echinoderms,chordates
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alimentary canal: mouth>pharynx>esophagus>_____________
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crop>intestines>anus
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in alimentary canal: Bird has?
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all 3 the crop, gizzard and stomach.
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in alimentary canal:grasshopper has
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crop & midgut (with gastric caeca)
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earthworm has
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crop and gizzard
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mammalian digestive system =
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alimentary canal & glands that secrete digestive juices into canal through ducts.(salivary glands, pancreas,liver,gallbladder)
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what is the 4 layered wall composed of?
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mucosa, submucosa, muscularis,serosa.
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what is the muscularis layer?
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innercircular layer outer longitudinal.
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what animals have a gastrovascular cavity?
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Hydra,planarian
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What is Peristalsis?
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rhythmic waves of contraction by smooth muscles that push food along
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What are Sphincters?
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muscular ringlike valves that regulate passage between some segments.
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saliva has mucin that?
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lubricates food
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saliva has buffers that?
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neutralize acid to prevent cavities
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saliva has lysozyme which is a?
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antibacterial agent
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tongue shapes food into bolus and pushes it to back of?
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pharynx
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what is rugae?
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folds that appear in mucosa when stomach is empty
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what is the Pharynx?
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throat- leads to esophagus + trachea
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what is the epiglottis?
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cartilagenous flap that blocks opening to airway during swallowing
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what does the Esophagus do?
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moves bolus down
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In the stomach the epithelium lining the lumen secretes gastric juice HCL which?
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kills bacteria denatures protein> more surface area for pepsin to work on
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In the stomach the epithelium lining the lumen secretes gastric juice pepsin which?
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is an enzyme that hydolyzes protien.
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why doesn't the stomach digest itself?
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1. mucous cells in epithelium
2. constant turnover of epithelial cells 3. pepsinogen-inactive form |
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what are Ulcers mainly caused by?
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Helicobacter pylori
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Hormones________from target cells
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elicit response
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