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5 Cards in this Set

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Residential-buildings are dwellings that people live in. These buildings can be single-family or multifamily dwellings such as mobile homes, apartments, condominiums, or personal homes.
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2. Industrial – structures are designed and constructed to specifications that meet the requirements of the processes conducted by the particular industry. For example, a foundry must have a large open space for gantry cranes and extremely huge exhaust systems. Concrete floors must be poured much thicker than in residential or standard commercial structures.
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3. Commercial-structures that are used for business or government purposes. Materials and techniques used in commercial construction are different from those used in residential construction. For example, building codes may require steel framing for public-use buildings to reduce fire risks. However, single family dwellings may only require wood frames due to the reduced wear and tear on the structure and the cost effectiveness. Architects, structural engineers, and sometimes civil engineers work on the design and construction of these sorts of structures.
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The figures above organize construction systems into subsystems and provide examples of inputs, processes, outputs, and feedback for various subsystems. For example, for a foundation wall subsystem, the contractor is a human input, concrete is a material input, and a power screed is an example of a tool as an input. People are the most important input in a construction process. A variety of trades and occupations come together to complete the process successfully. The processes involved in the construction of a foundation wall include estimating its costs, forming,
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pouring, and screeding or masonry if it is made with concrete block. The outputs include a footing and a foundation wall that support the load of the structure. Among the feedback one can gain from the system, performing a slump test to make sure the concrete is of the right consistency is a common approach (R3, 233-244).

Materials
“Structural materials – those materials used to support heavy loads or to hold the structure rigid.
Engineered wood materials - have been developed to help make the best use of our wood supply. For example, plywood, particle board, wafer board, and oriented strand board (OSB) are engineered wood panels made by mixing woods from small, crooked trees that would otherwise be unprofitable to harvest.”
(p. 315, R2)
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