The Civil War

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free soil party

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Its main purpose was opposing the expansion of slavery into the western territories, arguing that free men on free soil comprised a morally and economically superior system to slavery.

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fugitive slave law

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were laws passed by the United States Congress in 1793 and 1850 to provide for the return of slaves who escaped from one state into another state or territory.

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Harriet Tubman

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was an African-American abolitionist, humanitarian, and Union spy during the American Civil War, after escaping from slavery, into which she was born, she made thirteen missions to rescue more than 70 slaves

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Ostend Manifesto

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was a document written in 1854 that described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain and implied the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused

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Kansas Nebraska Act

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created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries

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Wilmot Proviso

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one of the major events leading to the Civil War, would have banned slavery in any territory to be acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War or in the future, including the area later known as the Mexican Cession, but which some proponents construed to also include the disputed lands in south Texas and New Mexico east of the Rio Grande

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William Lloyd Garrison

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was a prominent American abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer, he is best known as the editor of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, and as one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society, he promoted "immediate emancipation" of slaves in the United States, Garrison was also a prominent voice for the women's suffrage movement

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Frederick Douglas

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was an American social reformer, orator, writer and statesman, after escaping from slavery, he became a leader of the abolitionist movement, gaining renown for his dazzling oratory and incisive antislavery writing, he stood as a living counter-example to slaveholders' arguments that slaves did not have the intellectual capacity to function as independent American citizens, he became a major speaker for the cause of abolition

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Popular Sovereignty

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the belief the legitimacy of a state is created by the will or consent of its people who are the source of all political power.

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Underground Railroad

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an underground network of secret routes used by black slaves to escape to Canada and other places with the aid of other black abolitionists

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compromise of 1850

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was an intricate package of five bills, passed in September 1850, defusing a four-year confrontation between the slave states of the South and the free states of the North that arose following the Mexican-American War

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Dred Scott Decision

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people of African descent brought into the United States as slaves where not considered to abide by the constitution

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Panic of 1857

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was a financial panic in the United States caused by the declining of the international economy and the expansion of the domestic economy

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Uncle Tom's Cabin

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an antislavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe considered to lay the groundwork for the civil war

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Bleeding Kansas

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a series of violent acts by antislavery agents in Kansas

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Crittenden Compromise

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an unsuccesful proposal to resolve U.S. secession crisis.

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Fort Sumter

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Third System masonry coastal fortification located in Charleston harbor, South Carolina. The fort is best known as the site upon which the shots initiating the American Civil War were fired, at the Battle of Fort Sumter.

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Jefferson Davis

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was an American statesman and leader of the Confederacy during the American Civil War; serving as the President for its entire history.

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Anaconda Plan

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the name widely applied to an outline strategy for subduing the seceding states in the American Civil War.

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Robert E. Lee

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one of the major Confederate generals

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Ulysses S. Grant

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s the 18th President of the United States (1869–1877) as well as military commander during the Civil War and post-war Reconstruction periods.

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Iron Clads

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warships used for the first time during the civil war

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Battle of Antietam

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was the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with about 23,000 casualties

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Emancipation Proclamation

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proclamation that freed all slaves immediately

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54th Regiment

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one of the first Union army regiments with black soldiers

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Morril Traffic Act of 1861

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law that raised rates to protect and encourage industry and increased wages of industrial workers

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Homestead Act 1862

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to give 160 acres to underdeveloped federal land which included free slaves who were 21 years or older but it required to live on the land for five years.

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Legal Tender Act 1862

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an act to issue paper money to finance the civil war that was raising taxes

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Pacific Railway Act 1862

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promoted construction of transcontinental railroad including government loans and grants of land to railroad companies

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National Bank Act 1863

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established national charters for banks

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Battle of Vicksburg

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was the final major military action in Vicksburg

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Battle of Gettysburg

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was the battle with the largest number of casualties in the civil war

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Copperheads

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were a vocal group of democras who wanted peace with the Confederartes

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New York Draft Riots 1863

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riots caused by black freed slaves who wanted to serve in the Union army and were rejected

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Trent Affair

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affair that risked war with Britain over sea territory