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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The nurse caring for the pediatric client with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma knows that 2/3 of the cases present with advanced disease, most commonly located where?
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abdomen
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The nurse caring for a cancer patient recognizes signs and symptoms of syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone (SIADH) in a patient. What are the recommended interventions for this emergency situation? (4)
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1. monitor intake and output
2. restrict fluids to below maintenance levels 3. monitor specific gravity of each voiding 4. monitor serum sodium levels |
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A cancer patient is diagnosed with typhitis. What are the recommended interventions? (3)
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1. administer broad-spectrum antibiotics IV
2. provide supportive care to manage symptoms 3. anticipate surgical intervention to remove infarct/inflammation if necessary |
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The nurse is assisting with a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy for a 6-year old. What do you tell the child and family to prepare them for the test? (3)
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1. The procedure is done using aseptic technique.
2. Patient is positioned based on the site with a pillow or folded blanket under the abdomen to elevate the hips 3. Parents will be allowed to stay in the room for emotional support. |
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The nurse caring for a patient with leukemia documents the following signs that are clinical features of the disease (select all that apply):
A. lymphadenopathy B. anorexia C. increased hemoglobin D. increased platelet count E. bruising F. sore throat |
A. lymphadenopathy
B. anorexia E. bruising F. sore throat |
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The oncology nurse is alert for signs and symptoms of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following is a sign of this emergency condition?
A. decreased D-dimer assay B. increased anti-thrombin III levels C. platelet count 10,000 D. uncontrolled bleeding |
D. uncontrolled bleeding
Also, increased D-dimer, prolonged PT and PTT, platelet count 20,000 |
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Parents of a child with cerebral astrocytoma ask what their child's prognosis is. What is an accurate response?
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Prognosis is favorable with complete resection, and
patients have minimal neurological defects postoperatively |
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A nurse is assessing for signs of a malignancy. Which of the following indicates a soft tissue mass? (all that apply)
A. drainage from ear B. swelling around eyes C. cranium masses D. pallor E. bruising and petechiae F. night sweats |
A. drainage from ear
B. swelling around eyes C. cranium masses also: asymetry of face, jaw pain or swelling pallor, bruising, petechiae - leukemia night sweats - hodgkin's |
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The pediatric nurse examines radiographs of a patient that shows lesions on the bone. This is indicative of:
A. neuroblastoma B. Hodgkin lymphoma C. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma D. Ewing sarcoma |
D. Ewing sarcoma
PET scan is most effective for diagnosing Hodgkin, non Hodgkin or neuroblastoma |
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What diagnostic test differentiates neuroblastoma from other tumors?
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urine catecholamines (VMA, HVA)
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Characteristics of a group III retinoblastoma (2)
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solitary tumors larger than 10 disk diameters behind the equator
any lesion anterior to the equator |
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2nd leading cause of death of kids (after accidents)
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cancer
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Therapy accomplished by providing various combinations of therapies, such as chemo, radiation, surgery, HSCT, BRMs
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multimodal
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Most common tumor that precedes both hematologic and nonhematologic secondary tumors
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Hodgkin's disease
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considered a cancer survivor when disease-free for ___ following ___ phase of ____
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5 years following the maintenance phase of chemotherapy
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Therapy that's cytotoxic, damages synthesis of nucleic acids, breaks DNA or RNA molecule, or causes double stranded breaks in the molecules
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radiation
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induction
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initial phase of chemotherapy
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relapse
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cancer returns
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remission
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temporary or permanent response to therapy that causes decrease or absence of the primary malignancy
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observation phase
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phase of chemotherapy when treatment is finished
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maintenance phase
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designated period during which treatment is continued to destroy any residual cancer cells
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The nurse assisting with stem cell transplantation knows that 2 kinds of transplants are performed. ___ which uses the child's own stem cells and ___ which uses a matched donor's cells
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autologous
allogeneic |
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suppression of bone marrow function
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myelosuppression
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Period when immune cell count is lowest (7-10 days after receiving chemotherapy)
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nadir
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Systemic disease outside the blood and bone marrow
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extramedullary
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Place the following stages of chemotherapy in the order in which they are initiated in the process:
maintenance induction remission observation consolidation |
1. induction
2. remission 3. consolidation 4. maintenance 5. observation |
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Describe how cancers in children differ from cancers in adults
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Child: most cancers arise from mesodermal layer -- 92% and 8% from neuroectodermal layer (CNS tumors)
Adults: involve epithelial tissue and are called carcinomas. Epithelial cancer is quite rare in kids under 15 |
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What are nursing responsibilities for the child receiving radiation treatments? (3)
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1. Provide concrete information to the child and the family about the procedure and its side effects
2. Prepare the child for the treatment. 3. Manage the side effects and prevent further complications |
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What are the mechanisms of action of biologic response modifiers (BRMs)? (3)
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1. modify the immune response to cancer
2. act directly against the tumor by killing it or suppressing its growth 3. alter other biological factors that can influence viability of the tumor |